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  • Chemistry  (1)
  • Chimeric genes  (1)
  • Key words Central fatigue  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Translation optimization ; Chimeric genes ; Plant transformation ; chitinase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The Serratia marcescens chiA gene encodes a secreted chitinase activity which contributes to the fungal growth inhibition exhibited by this bacterium. The coding region from the chiA gene was fused to the promoter and 3′ polyadenylation region of the Agrobacterium nopaline synthase gene. Site-directed mutagenesis of specific nucleotides surrounding the initiating AUG of the coding sequence of this chimeric gene resulted in up to an eight-fold increase in the amount of chitinase protein detected in transformed plant tissue. Analysis of the chiA mRNA indicated that these nucleotides also affected mRNA levels. At least 50% of the chitinase protein produced in transformed tobacco cells was the same molecular weight as the S. marcescen secreted protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 83 (2000), S. 106-115 
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words Central fatigue ; Muscle fatigue ; Human ; Motor cortex ; Motoneuron
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fatigue is a reduction of maximal muscle force or power that occurs with exercise. It is accompanied by changes at multiple levels in the motor pathway and also by changes in the discharge patterns of muscle afferents. Changes in afferent firing can lead to altered perceptions and can also act on the efferent pathway. Changes in the motor pathway include slowing of motor unit firing rates during sustained maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs). Muscle responses to stimulation at different levels of the motor pathway also change. Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex and stimulation of descending tracts in the spinal cord in human subjects show an increase in the response of the cortex and a decrease in response of the motoneuron pool during sustained MVCs. In addition, the silent period following magnetic stimulation is prolonged. During relaxation after fatiguing exercise, muscle responses to stimulation of the motor cortex are initially facilitated and are then depressed for many minutes, whereas responses to descending tract stimulation are initially depressed but recover over about 2 min. Although some of the loss of force of fatigue does occur through inadequate drive to the muscle, it is not clear which, if any, of the changes described in the cortex or the motoneurons are responsible for loss of maximal voluntary force and thus contribute to fatigue. Changes may be associated with muscle fatigue without causing it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 59 (1998), S. 131-143 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: chemometrics ; light scattering ; microbial productivity ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article describes the use of chemometric methods for prediction of biological parameters of cell suspensions on the basis of their light scattering profiles. Laser light is directed into a vial or flow cell containing media from the suspension. The intensity of the scattered light is recorded at 18 angles. Supervised learning methods are then used to calibrate a model relating the parameter of interest to the intensity values. Using such models opens up the possibility of estimating the biological properties of fermentor broths extremely rapidly (typically every 4 sec), and, using the flow cell, without user interaction. Our work has demonstrated the usefulness of this approach for estimation of yeast cell counts over a wide range of values (105-109 cells mL-1), although it was less successful in predicting cell viability in such suspensions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 59:131-143, 1998.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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