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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopamine receptor agonistic and antagonistic effects of 3-PPP enantiomers (1983)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 81 (1983), S. 199-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Dopamine agonists ; Autoreceptors ; 3-PPP ; Neuroleptics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pharmacological profile of the enantiomers of the proposed selective dopamine (DA) autoreceptor agonist 3-PPP [3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N-n-propylpiperidine] has been studied. In vitro both enantiomers showed weak DA agonistic activity, and (-)-3-PPP some DA antagonistic effect on DA-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. Both enantiomers in low doses had a similar profile in vivo: Inhibition of locomotor activity of mice and rats, induction of contralateral circling behaviour in 6-hydroxy-DA-lesioned rats and an emetic effect in dogs. At higher doses, differential effects of the enantiomers were found: (+)-3-PPP induced hyperactivity, weak stereotyped behaviour and ipsilateral circling in hemitransected rats. (-)-3-PPP had depressant effects in high doses, inhibited d-amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and d-amphetamine-, methylphenidate- and apomorphine-induced stereotyped licking/biting in rats and antagonized apomorphine-induced emesis in dogs. However, (+)-3-PPP also showed a weak antagonistic activity against d-amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and d-amphetamine-and apomorphine-induced stereotypy in rats and inhibited apomorphine-induced emesis in dogs. It is suggested that both enantiomers have significant effects on postsynaptic DA receptors in high doses: (-)-3-PPP with weak antagonistic activity in some test models and (+)-3-PPP with agonistic and antagonistic effect. Since these effects of (+)-3-PPP were of low intensity at high doses, (+)-3-PPP may be a partial DA agonist at postsynaptic receptors in high doses. Interaction experiments with neuroleptics indicated that only (-)-3-PPP significantly increased the antistereotypic effect of neuroleptics in rats. Therefore, the proposed DA autoreceptor stimulation is possibly unrelated to the neuroleptic potentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427262
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopaminergic supersensitivity: Influence of dopamine agonists, cholinergics, anticholinergics, and drugs used for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia (1979)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 62 (1979), S. 111-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Neuroleptics ; Supersensitivity ; Mice ; Apomorphine ; Cholinergic ; Anticholinergic ; GABA-agonists ; Benzodiazepines ; Barbiturates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Single and repeated administration of neuroleptics induce supersensitivity to dopamine agonists like apomorphine and methylphenidate. The degree of this supersensitivity depends on the period of the preceding administration of the neuroleptic. In the development phase additional administration of apomorphine can reverse the hyperdopaminergic behaviour, whereas addition of cholinergic/anticholinergic treatment does not modify the enhanced receptor response. In the supersensitivity phase additional treatment with deanol does not modify the supersensitivity. Phenobarbital, diazepam, and muscimol increase and cis (Z)-flupenthixol decreases the supersensitivity. It is concluded that supersensitivity induced by neuroleptics is time-dependent and that it can be prevented by additional treatment with DA-agonists but not by cholinergic/anticholinergic treatment. In the supersensitivity phase, the syndrome is suppressed by dopamine antagonists but enhanced by GABA-agonists, benzodiazepine and phenobarbital.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427122
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the supersensitivity of dopamine receptors, induced by neuroleptics (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 48 (1976), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Neuroleptics ; Supersensitivity ; Dopamine receptors ; Compulsive behavior ; Mice ; Apomorphine ; Methylphenidate ; Synthesis inhibition ; Cholinergic ; Anticholinergic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Different neuroleptics caused dopamine receptor blockade (antagonism against methylphenidate-induced compulsive gnawing) for varying lengths of time. When the receptor blockade had expired, supersensitivity to dopamine agonists (occurrence of apomorphine-induced compulsive gnawing and enhancement of methylphenidate-induced gnawing) developed and persisted for varying periods of time. The degree and duration of supersensitivity was related to the degree and duration of the preceding receptor blockade. Inhibition of catecholamine or 5-HT synthesis had no influence on development of supersensitivity. Stimulation with a dopamine agonist, apomorphine, during the period of the development of supersensitivity did not modify the enhanced receptor supersensitivity. A cholinergic-dopaminergic balance was shown to be involved in the manifestation of compulsive behavior during the supersensitivity phase. Tolerance to the dopamine antagonistic effect of a neuroleptic also developed after a single neuroleptic treatment, most likely due to increased sensitivity of the receptors for the dopamine agonist. It is concluded, that the dopamine receptor blockade induced by a single dose of a neuroleptic agent is a dynamic phenomenon which in the course of time is replaced by an increased sensitivity of the receptors to dopamine agonists. Noradrenergic or 5-HT neuron systems do not seem to be involved in the neuroleptic-induced supersensitivity, whereas a dopaminergic-cholinergic balance is operative in the supersensitivity situation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00423298
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peripheral and central muscarinic receptor affinity of psychotropic drugs (1977)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 301 (1977), S. 5-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Muscarinic receptors ; Neuroleptics ; Thymoleptics ; Anticholinergics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The muscarinic receptor affinity of 27 psychotropic and 5 anticholinergic substances was examined in 2 in-vivo and 2 in-vitro models. A highly significant correlation was obtained between the effect of all compounds examined on the atropine sensitive binding of 3H-PrBCM and the effect in the conventional guinea-pig ileum preparation. Antagonism of oxotremorine induced tremors in mice by anticholinergics and neuroleptics was also significantly correlated to the corresponding data obtained in the in-vitro tests. Due to very low potency in the physostigmine induced mortality test in mice too few ED50 values were obtained to perform statistical comparisons. It is concluded, that the conventional guinea-pig ileum model and the 3H-PrBCM binding model are equally predictive as tests for antimuscarinic properties. When in-vivo anticholinergic data for neuroleptics are used it must be considered that a possible dopamine receptor blockade may diminish the antimuscarinic effect of the substance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00501257
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Reaktion zwischen Herapathit und kohlensaurem Baryt in verdünntem Alkohol (1897)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 14 (1897), S. 297-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0863-1778
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.18970140125
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Verbindungen der Chlorhydrate der Alkaloïde mit höheren Metallchloriden und über entsprechende Bromverbindungen (1906)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 74 (1906), S. 161-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19060740114
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ueber Perbromide von Chinaalkaloïden (1901)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 63 (1901), S. 313-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19010630116
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Bromderivate von Chinaalkaloïden und über die entsprechenden wasserstoffärmeren Verbindungen (1903)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 68 (1903), S. 425-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19030680131
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Bromderivate von Chinaalkaloïden und über die entsprechenden wasserstoffärmeren Verbindungen (1904)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 69 (1904), S. 193-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19040690114
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Dibromadditionsprodukte der Chinaalkaloïde (1904)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 71 (1904), S. 1-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19040710101
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