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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skeletal muscle oedema and muscle fibre necrosis during septic shock. Observations with a porcine septic shock model (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 653-659 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Septic shock ; Skeletal muscle ; Porcine shock model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In domestic pigs, intermitted application ofEscherichia coli-endotoxin was used to create an animal model for a prolonged hypo- and hyperdynamic septic shock-like state and to investigate mechanisms of multiple organ failure. Here, we describe the changes in skeletal muscle after 18 h (2 animals) and 48 h (6 animals) of septic shock. Two pigs for each observation period that received physiologic saline solutions instead of endotoxin served as controls. The earliest lesions were endothelial cell damage with endomysial oedema and swelling of mitochondria in muscle fibres. With increasing degree of endothelial cell damage, pericytes showed degenerative changes with cytoplasmic fragmentation and karyolysis. After 48 h of shock, endomysial oedema was increased with fibrinogen present. Muscle fibre diameters were increased and swollen mitochondria and segmental necrosis of muscle fibres were frequently observed. However, phagocytic reaction or regenerative changes were not detected. In this respect, skeletal muscle lesions in septic shock differ from ischemic damage, which is characterized by early phagocytosis. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) was increased greatly and significantly in the serum of the pigs that received endotoxin. The lesions described may be the result of both direct damage to muscle fibres by the endotoxin and/or the increased levels of TNFα and indirect damage because of the increased diffusion distance, due to the endomysial oedema. The loss of blood proteins into the endomysium may also play a role in generating hypoproteinemia in patients with septic shock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01069747
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skeletal muscle oedema and muscle fibre necrosis during septic shock. Observations with a porcine septic shock model (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 653-659 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Septic shock ; Skeletal muscle ; Porcine shock model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In domestic pigs, intermitted application of Escherichia coli-endotoxin was used to create an animal model for a prolonged hypo- and hyperdynamic septic shock-like state and to investigate mechanisms of multiple organ failure. Here, we describe the changes in skeletal muscle after 18 h (2 animals) and 48 h (6 animals) of septic shock. Two pigs for each observation period that received physiologic saline solutions instead of endotoxin served as controls. The earliest lesions were endothelial cell damage with endomysial oedema and swelling of mitochondria in muscle fibres. With increasing degree of endothelial cell damage, pericytes showed degenerative changes with cytoplasmic fragmentation and karyolysis. After 48 h of shock, endomysial oedema was increased with fibrinogen present. Muscle fibre diameters were increased and swollen mitochondria and segmental necrosis of muscle fibres were frequently observed. However, phagocytic reaction or regenerative changes were not detected. In this respect, skeletal muscle lesions in septic shock differ from ischemic damage, which is characterized by early phagocytosis. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) was increased greatly and significantly in the serum of the pigs that received endotoxin. The lesions described may be the result of both direct damage to muscle fibres by the endotoxin and/or the increased levels of TNFα and indirect damage because of the increased diffusion distance, due to the endomysial oedema. The loss of blood proteins into the endomysium may also play a role in generating hypoproteinemia in patients with septic shock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195781
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of cardiac muscle in septic shock. Observations with a porcine septic shock model (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 426 (1995), S. 487-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cardiac muscle ; Microvasculature ; Septic shock ; Porcine shock model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The morphology of cardiac muscle was investigated in a porcine model of septic shock, created by intermitted application of Escherichia coli-endotoxin. The earliest lesions, found after 18 h of septic shock, were endothelial cell swelling, marked leucostasis and slight ischaemic alterations of the muscle fibres. At the end point of the experiments, after 48 h, some fibrin thrombi were found associated with more pronounced ischaemic alterations of cardiac muscle cells and some necrotic fibres. Comparing these findings with the severe endothelial and muscle fibre lesions found in skeletal muscle, the endothelial cells of the heart microvasculature, are clearly more resistant to the attack of the endotoxins and mediators liberated in septic shock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193172
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of cell proliferation by Bromocarbamide in murine fibroblasts (1974)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 52 (1974), S. 939-940 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bromocarbamides ; Hypnotics ; Inhibition of cell proliferation ; DNA-polymerase ; L-cells ; Bromcarbamide ; Schlafmittel ; Hemmung der Zellteilung ; DNS-Polymerase ; L-Zellen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bromcarbamide stellen milde Einschlafmittel dar und sind derzeit in über 40 Spezialitäten, meist ohne Verschreibung am deutschen Markt erhältlich. Die große Zahl der Suizidc mit diesen Medikamenten hat das Interesse an der zellulären und molekularbiologischen Basis der Wirkung geweckt. Klinisch steht bei akuten Vergiftungsfällen ein interstitielles Lungenödem im Vordergrund. Es entsteht, wie tierexperimentell gezeigt wurde, durch vermehrte Pinocytose der pulmonalen Endothelien. In Gewebekulturfibroblasten kann diese Oberflächenaktivierung ebenfalls beobachtet werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein weiterer Effekt von Bromcarbamid auf Gewebekulturfibroblasten beschrieben, der der Zellteilungshemmung. In Konzentrationen wie sie bei schweren Vergiftungsfällen des Menschen vorkommen können (125 µg/ml Serum) tritt eine Hemmung der Zellteilung infolge Hemmung der DNS-Synthese auf. Unter Bromcarbamid wirdeine Runde DNS synthetisiert und noch eine Zellteilung durchgemacht. Danach werden die Fibroblasten reversibel im Wachstumszyklus arretiert. Das entbromierte Bromcarbamid zeigt keinerlei hemmenden Effekt auf das Zellwachstum. Unter den Faktoren, die bei der DNS-Polymerisation beteiligt sind, ist die DNS-Polymerase durch Bromcarbamid in ihrer Aktivität gehemmt und zwar in einem Ausmaß, wie sie der zellulären DNS-Synthesehemmung und Proliferationshemmung entspricht. Bisher ist nicht klar, ob die früher beschriebenen Effekte an der Zelloberfläche mit der DNS-Synthesehemmung in kausalem Zusammenhang stehen oder ob Bromcarbamid direkt auf Funktion oder Synthese des DNS-Polymerasemoleküls wirkt.
    Notes: Summary Bromocarbamides are mild sleeping aides and lead to pulmonary edema and death due to respiratory failure when used in overdoses. Bromocarbamides increase pinocytosis and change the cell surface in pulmonary endothelial cells and fibroblasts. In this paper we describe another effect of Bromocarbamides. At concentrations comparable to those in the serum of intoxicated patients (100–125 µg/ml) a distinct proliferative inhibition is noted. Fibroblasts undergo stillone round of DNA-synthesis andone cell division and are then arrested reversibly in the cell cycle. Bromocarbamides inhibit mainly DNA-synthesis and to a much lesser extent RNA- and protein synthesis. Among the factors necessary for DNA polymerisation, DNA-polymerase activity is decreased corresponding to the effect of proliferative inhibition. It is not yet clear, whether Bromocarbamides inhibit DNA-polymerase activity by interacting with the cell surface or the nuclear envelope respectively or whether Bromocarbamides inactivate the DNA-polymerase molecule or its synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01468941
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modifizierung von polymeroberflächen zur erhöhung der zelladhäusionVortrag anläßlich der Tagung der Fachgruppe “Makromolekulare Chemie” der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker über “Polymere und biologische Funktionen” in Bad Nauheim am 18. und 19. April 1988 (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 166 (1989), S. 179-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: After implantation a stable bond between the implant and the surrounding tissue is required. Therefore a high cell adhesion of the polymer surface of the implant must be achieved. Depending on the treatment time of a polydimethylsiloxane foil with oxygen plasma, the cell adhesion can be improved. FT-IR spectroscopy and ESCA analysis were used to characterize the surface modification. The cell spreading and cell adhesion increase with increasing hydrophilic character of the polymer surface after plasma treatment. A pronounced correlation was found between the efficiency of DNA and protein content, characterizing cell growth, and the spreading of the cells.Polydimethylsiloxane, Glow-Discharge, Surface Modification, Cell Adhesion, Cell Proliferation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1989.051660113
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface analysis of PP/EVA blends modified with amino acids for biomedical applications (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 58 (1995), S. 699-710 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The copolymers poly(propylene-co-ethylene) (PP/E) and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and blends of these were modified to develop an artificial matrix which promotes the growth of endothelial cells. Covalent immobilization of amino acids or sequences of adhesion glycoproteins should trigger the formation of an endothelial cell monolayer onto the polymeric surface. Reactive functional groups were generated by saponifying the ester groups of the EVA component. Esterification with oxalylic or malonic dichlorides in the gas phase yielded the required monoesters and gave the best results for further immobilization of amino acids, while reaction with α,ω-dicarboxylic acid dichlorides in solution led to diester formation. Subsequently, various protected amino acids were immobilized via the carbodiimide method. Surface analytical methods like infrared spectroscopy using at tenuated total reflection (IR-ATR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) were used to prove the modification steps. The analytical results confirmed covalent side-chain generation in the upper surface region. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070580403
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