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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Chronic constipation ; Obstructive defecation disorder ; Slow-transit constipation ; Videodefecography ; Defecoflowmetry. ; Schlüsselwörter: Chronische Obstipation ; obstruktive Defäkationsstörung ; „Slow-transit-Obstipation“ ; Videodefäkographie ; Defäkoflowmetrie.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Bei der chronischen Obstipation können 2 große Gruppen unterschieden werden. Auf der einen Seite finden wir die „Slow-transit-Obstipation“, der eine Transportstörung zugrunde liegt, und auf der anderen Seite die obstruktive Defäkationsstörung, deren Ursache in pathologischen Veränderungen des Beckenbodens und des Rectums zu suchen ist. Sowohl die Videodefäkographie als auch die Defäkoflowmetrie stellen sich ergänzende Diagnostikmaßnahmen zur dynamischen Messung der Rectumentleerung dar, wobei die Videodefäkographie zusätzlich eine optische Beurteilung des Entleerungsvorgangs ermöglicht, während die Defäkoflowmetrie eine Darstellung der analen und rectalen Druckverhältnisse erlaubt. Im Rahmen einer prospektiven Studie wurden die Untersuchungsverfahren bei 19 Patienten mit „Slow-transit“ und 30 Patienten mit obstruktiver Defäkationsstörung vergleichend beurteilt. Es zeigt sich bei der „Slow-transit-Obstipation“ (Defäkoflowmetrie: 65 %; Videodefäkographie 80 %) in beiden Untersuchungen eine deutlich höhere Entleerungsrate als bei der obstruktiven Defäkationsstörung (50 bzw. 58 %). Die Defäkationszeit war in beiden Gruppen pathologisch auf 43–55 s verlängert. Rectocelen fanden sich defäkographisch in 94 % bei der „Slow-transit“ und in 72 % bei der obstruktiven Defäkationsstörung. Sehr häufig fanden wir auch bei der „Slow-transit-Obstipation“ eine obstruktive Komponente. Andererseits kann jedoch durch eine normale Videodefäkographie oder Defäkoflowmetrie eine obstruktive Defäkationsstörung ausgeschlossen werden. Die Videodefäkographie und Defäkoflowmetrie stellen somit wichtige Teilaspekte in der komplexen Diagnostik der chronischen Obstipation dar.
    Notes: Summary. Chronic constipation can be divided in two large groups: slow-transit constipation, caused by pathological intestinal transit, and obstructive defecation disorder, caused by pelvic and rectal wall abnormalities. Videodefecography and defecoflowmetry are methods used to study dynamic evacuation of the rectum. Videodefecography also enables visual estimation of rectal evacuation. Defecoflowmetry allows analysis of anal and rectal pressures. Within this prospective study we utilized and compared these methods in 19 patients with slow transit and 30 patients with obstructive disease. In patients with slow transit, both investigations demonstrated a significantly higher defecation rate than in obstructive defecation disorder (slow transit: defecoflowmetry 65 %, videodefecography 80 %; obstructive defecation disorder: 50 % and 58 %). The evacuation time was pathologically prolonged in both types of constipation, with a range of 43–55 s. Rectoceles are demonstrated in 94 % of cases with slow transit and in 72 % with obstructive defecation disorder. Also, we often found obstructive components in slow-transit constipation patients. Normal defecography or defecoflowmetry can rule out obstructive defecation disorder. We conclude that videodefecography and defecoflowmetry are important items in the complex diagnostic regimen needed in evaluation of chronic constipation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Based on the premise of achieving blood compatibility through mimicking the chemical constituents of the biologically inert surface of the unactivated platelet membrane, a process was developed that entails the covalent grafting of modified phosphatidylcholine molecules to materials including silica, polypropylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymer films. These materials were characterized using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact-angle measurements. The phosphatidylcholine-containing materials (PC materials) were used as substrates in the platelet-adhesion assays and were subjected to enzymatic degradation evaluation. Phosphatidylcholine-grafted silica materials do not support platelet adhesion. In addition the number of adherent platelets correlate with the amount of grafted phospholipid present, as indicated by the phosphorus/carbon ratio obtained by XPS analysis. Platelet adhesion to phosphatidylcholine-grafted polypropylene and PTFE was inhibited 80% and 90%, respectively, when compared with platelet adhesion to unmodified polypropylene and PTFE. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 42 (1909), S. 1638-1639 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 39 (1906), S. 3257-3265 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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