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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 148 (2000), S. 230-234 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter ; Faziale Spaltbildungen ; Kongenitale Herzfehler ; Echokardiographie ; Endokarditisprophylaxe ; Key words ; Facial clefts ; Congenital heart defects ; Echocardiography ; Endocarditis prophylaxis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Introduction: Children with facial clefts have an increased risk for further congenital malformations. The heart and most other organ systems may be also affected. The reported incidence of cardiac defects varies considerably. Methods and patients: In a prospective study during 6 years, 110 children, age 1 week to 4 years, were examined clinically and by colour-Doppler echocardiography. Results: The incidence of associated congenital heart defects (24,5%) was greater than in most previous reports. The incidence correlated also with the severity of the facial cleft. Syndromatic and premature children were prevalent (10% respectively 16%) and had more often cardiac defects (73% respectively 56%) than others. Most cardiac defects were ”simple”, and a half of them require prophylaxis for endocarditis. In 5 asymptomatic children cardiac defects requiring endocarditis prophylaxis were first detected by echocardiography. Conclusion: Repair of facial clefts begins usually in the first few months of life. If a cardiac defect is present, these infants have an increased perioperative risk for endocarditis. In order to detect such defects before operation, all these children should be examined by echocardiography, also when the clinical examination was uneventful.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Kinder mit fazialer Spaltbildung haben ein erhöhtes Risiko einer weiteren Fehlbildung. Das Herz und die meisten anderen Organsysteme können betroffen sein. Die Literaturangaben über die Inzidenz von Herzfehlern schwanken erheblich. Methode und Patienten: In einer prospektiven Studie über 6 Jahre wurden 110 Kinder mit Gesichtsspalten im Alter von 1 Woche bis 4 Jahren klinisch und farbdopplerechokardiographisch untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die Inzidenz assoziierter Vitien betrug 24,5% und lag damit höher als in den meisten Literaturangaben; sie korrelierte auch mit der Schwere der Spaltbildung. Kinder mit Syndromen sowie Früh- und Mangelgeborene waren häufig (10% bzw. 16%) und hatten viel häufiger Herzfehler (73% bzw. 56%) als die übrigen Kinder. Es fanden sich überwiegend einfache Vitien, von denen die Hälfte eine Endokarditisprophylaxe benötigten. Bei 5 asymptomatischen Kindern wurden erstmals durch die Echokardiographie Herzfehler festgestellt, für die eine Endokarditisprophylaxe unabdingbar war. Schlußfolgerungen: Die operative Korrektur der Gesichtsspalten wird in den ersten Lebensmonaten begonnen. Wenn ein Vitium vorliegt, haben die Kinder ein erhöhtes perioperatives Endokarditisrisiko. Um ein Vitium vor der Operation zu erkennen, sollten diese Kinder in den ersten Lebenswochen, auch bei unauffälligem klinischem Befund, echokardiographisch untersucht werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1042-7163
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cycloadditions of thienopyridazines and a thienopyridine with electron-poor olefins and acetylenes as dienophiles are described. The nonisolable adducts undergo subsequent loss of hydrogen sulfide to give substituted phthalazines and substituted isoquinolines, respectively. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 333 (1991), S. 61-65 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Methylhydrazones (III) of aromatic aldehydes and ketones react with nitrile imines (II) to give 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-s-tetrazines IV (1-9) which exhibits “ring-chain” tautomerism in solution. The extent of this tautomerism is dependent both on steric and electronic effects of substituent groups at C-3 and C-6 ring carbons.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Methylmethacrylat und Cupferacrylat wurden bei 60°C mit Benzoylperoxid als Initiator in Substanz copolymerisiert. Dichte und Härte der erhaltenen transparenten festen Copolymere wurden bestimmt. Das chemische Reaktionsschema wird diskutiert. Die Reaktivitätsverhältnisse der Monomere wurden berechnet. Die erhaltenen Proben erwiesen sich als statistische Copolymere, deren elektrische Leitfähigkeit mit steigendem Cupferacrylatgehalt zunimmt, während die Aktivierungsenergie und die Glasübergangstemperatur abnehmen.
    Notes: The bulk copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with copper acrylate was carried out using benzoyl peroxide as initiator at 60°C. The density and hardness of the obtained transparent solid copolymer samples were investigated. The pattern of the chemical reactions is discussed. The monomer reactivity ratios were determined. The obtained samples were found to be random copolymers. The electrical conductivity of the obtained samples increases with the increase of Cu-acrylate content, while the activation energy as well as the glass transition temperature decrease.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tetrachloro- and tetrabromo-o-benzoquinone react with furfurylidene-(2a) and 5-chlorofurfurylidene- (2b) nitromethane in boiling benzene to give the dihydrofurobenzodioxin adducts 3a-d, respectively, through a DIELS-ALDER type of reaction. In contrast, under similar conditions, tetrachloro-o-benzoquinone reacts with furfural and 5-chlorofurfural to give, in both cases, the ether 10 without incorporation of the furyl residue into the molecule. However, when the reaction is light catalysed, the polyhalohydroxyphenyl esters 11a and b are obtained. The thiophene analogue 11c is obtained in a similar manner. The reaction mechanism is discussed.The nitrovinylfurans, dihydrofurobenzodioxins and hydroxyphenyl esters showed well expressed growth inhibiting properties towards bacteria, fungi, and yeast. The activity of the products towards Biomphalaria boissi snails, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni in Egypt, is discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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