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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 168 (1997), S. 310-320 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key wordsThauera aromatica ; l-phenylalanine ; metabolism ; Phenylalanine transaminase ; Phenylpyruvate decarboxylase ; Phenylacetaldehyde ; dehydrogenase ; Phenylacetate-CoA ligase ; α-Oxidation ; of phenylacetyl-CoA ; Phenylglyoxylate:acceptor ; oxidoreductase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The anaerobic metabolism of phenylalanine was studied in the denitrifying bacterium Thauera aromatica, a member of the β-subclass of the Proteobacteria. Phenylalanine was completely oxidized and served as the sole source of cell carbon. Evidence is presented that degradation proceeds via benzoyl-CoA as the central aromatic intermediate; the aromatic ring-reducing enzyme benzoyl-CoA reductase was present in cells grown on phenylalanine. Intermediates in phenylalanine oxidation to benzoyl-CoA were phenylpyruvate, phenylacetaldehyde, phenylacetate, phenylacetyl-CoA, and phenylglyoxylate. The required enzymes were detected in extracts of cells grown with phenylalanine and nitrate. Oxidation of phenylalanine to benzoyl-CoA was catalyzed by phenylalanine transaminase, phenylpyruvate decarboxylase, phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+), phenylacetate-CoA ligase (AMP-forming), enzyme(s) oxidizing phenylacetyl-CoA to phenylglyoxylate with nitrate, and phenylglyoxylate:acceptor oxidoreductase. The capacity for phenylalanine oxidation to phenylacetate was induced during growth with phenylalanine. Evidence is provided that α-oxidation of phenylacetyl-CoA is catalyzed by a membrane-bound enzyme. This is the first report on the complete anaerobic degradation of an aromatic amino acid and the regulation of this process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key wordsThauera aromatica ; Phenylacetyl-CoA ; α-Oxidation ; Phenylalanine ; Phenylacetyl-CoA:acceptor oxidoreductase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Anaerobic oxidation of phenylalanine and phenylacetate proceeds via α-oxidation of phenylacetyl-CoA to phenylglyoxylate. This four-electron oxidation system was studied in the denitrifying bacterium Thauera aromatica. It is membrane-bound and was solubilized with Triton X-100. The system used dichlorophenolindophenol as an artificial electron acceptor; a spectrophotometric assay was developed. No other products besides phenylglyoxylate and coenzyme A were observed. The enzyme was quite oxygen-insensitive and was inactivated by low concentrations of cyanide. Enzyme activity was induced under denitrifying conditions with phenylalanine and phenylacetate, it was low in cells grown with phenylglyoxylate, and it was virtually absent in cells grown with benzoate and nitrate or after aerobic growth with phenylacetate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 3 (1974), S. 176-178 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The determination of film thicknesses by XRFA is known from the literature. In most cases these methods are based on a comparison with defined reference films. Together with theoretical considerations a new method is developed, where no reference films are needed. An estimation on the accuracy of this method and measurements used in an energy dispersive system are discussed, and the method is evaluated.
    Notes: Die röntgnfluoreszenzanalytiche Bestimmung der Massenbelegung dünner Schichten ist literaturbekannt. Diese Methoden bauen zumeist auf einem Vergleich mit Proben difinierter. Massenbelegung auf. Es wird von der Theorie her gezeit, wie eine eichprobenfreie Messung möglich ist. Neben einer Abschätzung der mit dieser Methode verbundenen Fehler Werden die Messungen mit einem energiedispersiven Spektrometer und die rechnerische Auswertung behandelt.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 355 (1967), S. 145-151 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aluminium chloride gives on reduction in pyridine a radical solution whose ESR spectrum indicates spin coupling with two Al, two N and two H nuclei, the latter being protons in 6-position. It is derived that bis-(N-dichloroaluminium)-1,1′,2,2′-tetrahydro-4,4′-bipyridyl is formed, which dissociates into radicals at the C—C linkage between the two dihydropyridyl groups. This suggestion is also based on the formation of the same radical from Cl2AlH and 4,4′-bipyridyl, and on its observed NMR contact shifts.
    Notes: Aluminiumchlorid bildet bei der Reduktion in Pyridin eine (Abb. 1a, b) radikalische Lösung, deren ESR-Spektrum durch die Kopplung des Elektronenspins mit zwei Al-, zwei N- und zwei H-Kernen zu deuten ist. Versuche mit partiell deuterierten Pyridinen zeigen, daß es sich bei den Wasserstoffatomkernen um Protonen in 6-Stellung handeln muß. Die aus diesen Ergebnissen abgeleitete Struktur ist die eines Bis-(N-dichloraluminium)-1,1′,2,2′-tetrahydro-4,4′-bipyridyls, das an der Verknüpfungsstelle zweier Dihydropyridylreste in Radikale zu dissoziieren vermag. Gestützt wird diese Formulierung durch die Addition von Dichloralan Cl2AlH, an 4,4′-Bipyridyl, bei der das gleiche Radikal entsteht. Zur Ergänzung der ESR-Kopplungskonstanten wurden die „paramagnetischen Kontaktverschiebungen“ im NMR-Spektrum gemessen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 14 (1901), S. 207-208 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 17 (1904), S. 1505-1509 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 18 (1905), S. 254-255 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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