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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sperm usage in honey bees (1998)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 42 (1998), S. 247-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key wordsApis mellifera ; Sperm usage ; Polyandry ; Microsatellite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sperm usage was investigated in a naturally mated honey bee queen. We collected worker progeny arising from eggs that were laid sequentially during three sampling periods. Paternity was determined by analysis of three polymorphic microsatellite loci, leading to the conclusion that the queen had mated with seven males. Direct analysis of the sperm from the spermatheca revealed no evidence that sperm from additional males was present inside the spermatheca. Frequencies of different subfamilies differed significantly and ranged from 3.8% to 27.3%. In the short term, the frequencies of subfamilies among the eggs laid did not change over time. The frequency of eggs of a particular subfamily was statistically independent of the previous egg's subfamily. Thus, there is no evidence for non-random fine-scale sperm usage, and we estimate the effect of sperm clumping to be less than 6%. We conclude that the sperm is mixed completely inside the queen's spermatheca. Our results suggest that taking brood samples from comb cells next to each other is a statistically correct way of independent sampling of subfamilies at a given time in honey bee colonies. Furthermore, any bias in subfamily frequencies in offspring queens due to sperm usage can be excluded. However, the analyses of progeny samples taken 12 months apart do not allow us to exclude moderate fluctuations of subfamily frequencies in the long-term.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650050436
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of simple-sequence loci for use in polymerase chain reaction-based DNA fingerprinting (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 12 (1991), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Simple sequences are short regions of tandem repetitions of mono-, di-, tri-, or tetranucleotide motifs and occur as repetitive elements in all eukaryotic genomes. These regions tend to be hypervariable in length and can therefore be exploited for DNA fingerprinting purposes, using the polymerase chain reaction with primers flanking such regions. We describe how suitable simple-sequence loci can be isolated from any given eukaryotic DNA. We show the DNA sequences for a number of variants of such loci and discuss the current results on their usefulness for DNA fingerprinting.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150120205
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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