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  • Parkinson's disease  (2)
  • Chemistry  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Catalepsy ; fluphenazine ; sulpiride ; striatum ; phencyclidine ; Parkinson's disease ; MK801 ; CPP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Subcutaneous administration of fluphenazine elicits catelepsy that can be attenuated by the glutamate antagonists MK801 and phencyclidine (PCP). 3-[-(+)-2-carboxy piperazine-4-yl]-propyl-1-phosphanate (CPP) was found to be ineffective in this model. Intrastriatal injections of sulpiride or fluphenazine were also found to induce catalepsy which could be attenuated by MK801 and PCP. These results illustrate that nondopaminergic compounds might possibly be of value in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Furthermore it was demonstrated that this paradigm can be utilized to investigate neurotransmitter interactions within the striatum. This was clearly emphasized by the observation that bilateral administration of MK801 into the striatum increased basal locomotor activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Catalepsy ; fluphenazine ; sulpiride ; striatum ; quinpirole ; Parkinson's disease ; L-DOPA ; amphetamine ; apomorphine ; SKF 38393
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Catalepsy was observed in the rat following intrastriatal injections of the dopamine antagonists sulpiride or fluphenazine and after subcutaneous administration of fluphenazine. The neuroleptic-induced catalepsy was reversed by the classical anti-parkinsonian agent L-DOPA and by agents that function through dopamine systems such as d- and methamphetamine and the direct D2 receptor agonist quinpirole. The D1 agonist SKF 38393, and the D1/D2 agonist apomorphine, were ineffective in this model. These results support limited use of the rat catalepsy model for the screening of potential anti-parkinsonian compounds and indicate that this procedure can provide valuable information concerning striatal dopamine function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 39 (1988), S. 401-405 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Korrosion von Metallen in oxidierend-chlorierend wirkenden Medien bei hoher TemperaturDas Verhalten von Metallen, welche die Basis von Hochtemperaturlegierungen bilden, wurde in einem Gasgemisch mit 5,5% Sauerstoff, 0,96% Chlorwasserstoff, 0,86% Schwefeldioxid, Rest Argon, bei 900°C untersucht. Damit sollten die Reaktionsprodukte charakterisiert werden, speziell die flüchtigen Verbindungen, welche die handelsüblichen Legierungen in einer solchen Umgebung besonders schädigen. Aufgrund von thermodynamischen Überlegungen können die Potentiale der reaktionsfähigen Verbindungen in dem Gasgemisch bestimmt werden, wobei die Korrelation mit den potentiellen Reaktionsprodukten möglich ist. In diesem Gasgemisch sind die Oxide von Nickel, Kobalt, Chrom, Molybdän und Wolfram die stabilen Phasen für die entsprechenden Metalle, d.h. daß bei der Einwirkung des Gasgemischs die entsprechenden Oxidzunderschichten entstehen. Indessen werden die Reaktionen durch die Bildung flüchtiger Korrosionsprodukte kompliziert; das gilt speziell für Nickel, Kobalt und Molybdän. Auf Chrom entsteht zwar ein Cr2O3-Zunder, doch gibt es Beweise dafür, daß chlorhaltige Verbindungen bis zur Zunder/Metall-Grenzschicht vordringen können. Der Oxidzunder auf Wolfram ist nicht sehr schützend und wächst rasch, während der Zunder auf Molybdän flüchtig ist, so daß das Grundmetall rasch verbraucht wird.
    Notes: An investigation has been undertaken into the behaviour of metals which form the basis of high-temperature alloys in an argon -5.5% oxygen -0.96% hydrogen chloride -0.86% sulphur dioxide gas mixture at 900°C. The intention has been to ascertain the reaction products, with particular emphasis on the formation of volatile species which can cause considerable degradation of commercial alloys in this environment. From consideration of the thermodynamics of the gas system, the potentials of the reactive species can be determined and correlated with the possible reaction products. In this gas mixture, the oxides of nickel, iron, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten are the stable phases with respect to the corresponding metals. Indeed, on exposure of the metals to the environment, the appropriate oxide scales are developed. However, the reactions are complicated by formation of volatile corrosion products, particularly for nickel, cobalt and molybdenum. Although a Cr2O3 scale is established on chromium, there is evidence for penetration of chlorine-containing species to the scale/alloy interface. The oxide scale on tungsten is not very protective and thickens rapidly while that on molybdenum is volatile, resulting in rapid consumption of the specimen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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