ISSN:
1432-1041
Keywords:
Phenobarbitone
;
children
;
population pharmacokinetics
;
NONMEM
;
concomitant medication
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
Notes:
Abstract Non-linear Mixed Effects Modelling (NONMEM) was used to estimate phenobarbitone population clearance values for South African children, using 52 serum levels gathered from 32 patients during their routine care. NONMEM was also used to evaluate the influence of fixed effects such as weight, age and concomitant medication. The final model describing phenobarbitone clearance was CL=[Exp(0.0288 Wt−2.53)] M, where CL=clearance (l·h−1), Exp=the base of the natural logarithm, Wt=patient weight (kg) and M=a scaling factor for concomitant medication with a value of 1 for patients on phenobarbitone monotherapy, 0.62 for those receiving concomitant valproate and 0.87 for those patients receiving concomitant carbamazepine or phenytoin. Mean (95% confidence interval) phenobarbitone clearance values were 7.6 ml·h−1·kg−1 (6.2, 9.0 ml·h−1·kg−1) for the monotherapy group, 5.0 ml·h−1·kg−1 (4.0, 6.0 ml·h−1·kg−1) in the presence of concomitant valproate and 6.8 ml·h−1·kg−1 (5.6, 8.0 ml·h−1·kg−1) in the presence of concomitant carbamazepine or phenytoin. These values are similar to those previously reported from both traditional and NONMEM pharmacokinetic studies.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194954
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