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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of interaction between the tetracyclic antidepressant maprotiline and the centrally acting antihypertensive drug clonidine (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 25 (1983), S. 595-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: clonidine ; maprotiline ; interaction ; tricyclic antidepressants ; pharmacodynamic effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The well known interaction between tricyclic antidepressants and the centrally acting antihypertensive drug clonidine, namely impairment of the antihypertensive effect of clonidine, is thought to be related to blockade of noradrenaline uptake or competition at central alpha-receptors. The tetracyclic antidepressant maprotiline has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of noradrenaline uptake and it might, therefore, interfere with the antihypertensive action of clonidine. The possible interaction of clonidine and maprotiline was studied in 8 healthy subjects using doses in the therapeutic range. The study followed a double-blind, cross over design, in which clonidine alone (0.3 mg p.o.), clonidine (0.3 mg p.o.) plus maprotiline (100 mg in 4 divided doses over 22 h), maprotiline alone (100 mg in 4 divided doses over 22 h) and placebo were given by the double-dummy technique. Several pharmacodynamic parameters were measured for 12 h after administration of the drugs (supine and erect blood pressure, heart rate, saliva production and sedation). Concurrent administration of maprotiline did not alter the effect of clonidine and neither the size nor the time of the maximal response after clonidine were influenced by maprotiline. It is concluded that [1] blockade of noradrenaline uptake is not associated with the interaction of tricyclic antidepressants and clonidine, and [2] maprotiline should be preferred to tricyclic antidepressants in hypertensive patients on clonidine therapy if a concomitant depressive illness has to be treated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542345
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of sulphinpyrazone and its major metabolites after a single dose and during chronic treatment (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 97-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: sulphinpyrazone ; metabolism ; single dose ; chronic treatment ; pharmacokinetics ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of sulphinpyrazone and its major metabolites (sulfide, sulfone, p-hydroxysulfone and p-hydroxy-sulphinpyrazone) were investigated in 9 volunteers after a single oral dose as well as after chronic treatment for 23 days. Chronic administration of sulphinpyrazone, in comparison with a single oral dose, led to significant changes in plasma AUC (115.86 to 42.90 mg/l·h), in renal clearance (1.06 to 1.80l/h), in hepatic intrinsic clearance (319.0 to 598.0l/h), and in the unbound fraction in plasma 1.15 to 1.69%) and in tissue (2.73 to 1.31%). The volume of distribution changed from 20.24 to 52.041. The steady state concentrations predicted from the single dose were significantly higher than the values found after chronic treatment. The results suggest that sulphinpyrazone induces its own metabolism. The metabolism of the sulfone, p-hydroxysulfone and the p-hydroxy-sulphinpyrazone to further degradation products was also induced. Chronic treatment with sulphinpyrazone reduced the plasma AUC of the sulfide and caused a decrease in its elimination half-life (20.9 to 14.3 h). Since considerable amounts of the sulfide are formed in the G.I. tract, it is suggested that besides the induction of metabolism, bacteria which reduce sulphinpyrazone to the sulfide may also be responsible for the observed pharmacokinetic changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00635715
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of single and multiple doses of sulphinpyrazone on antipyrine metabolism and urinary excretion of 6-beta-hydroxycortisol (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 25 (1983), S. 797-801 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: sulphinpyrazone ; drug metabolism ; enzyme induction ; 6-beta-hydroxycortisol antipyrine ; antipyrine metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sulphinpyrazone decreases the plasma clearance of tolbutamide and S-warfarin and increases the clearance of R-warfarin, theophylline and antipyrine. In order to determine whether sulphinpyrazone is an inducer or inhibitor or both of oxidative drug metabolism, antipyrine and its metabolites as well as 6-beta-hydroxycortisol were measured in urine before, 24 h and after 23 days of chronic administration of sulphinpyrazone (4×200 mg/day). During chronic treatment sulphinpyrazone increased the ratio of 6-beta-hydroxycortisol to the 17-hydroxycorticosteroids by 70% (p〈0.02). The renal clearance of the main oxidative metabolites of antipyrine (4-hydroxyantipyrine, 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine and norantipyrine) were increased after sulphinpyrazone (p〈0.02). Except for norantipyrine, no change in total excretion of antipyrine and its metabolites occurred after 24 h or after 23 days. It is concluded that sulphinpyrazone induces the enzymes which metabolize antipyrine and cortisol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542523
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of clinically important interaction between erythromycin and theophylline (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 485-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: theophylline ; erythromycin ; interaction ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 11 healthy volunteers the kinetics of theophylline and the plasma levels and the urinary excretion of its metabolites were studied before and after treatment with erythromycin for 10 days. Theophylline was administered as an intravenous bolus injection (280 mg) followed by a constant intravenous infusion (23.8±4.1 mg/h) for 6 hours. The total clearance of theophylline at steady-state (63.4±9.9 vs 63.8±14.4 ml/min, before vs after erythromycin treatment) and the elimination half-life after cessation of the infusion (6.7±2.6 vs 7.5±1.8 h, before vs after treatment) did not change during the treatment with erythromycin. No difference in the formation of metabolites before and after treatment with erythromycin was detected; the findings in urine were 40.4±5.0 vs 42.1±5.4% 1,3-dimethyluric acid, 29.6±4.6 vs 30.1±5.9% 1-methyluric acid and 13.4±3.5 vs 12.5±2.2% 3-methylxanthine before and after erythromycin treatment, respectively. It is concluded that a clinically relevant interaction between erythromycin and theophylline does not occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542146
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Schädigung der Z-Gruppe und Hydantoinbildung bei der Alkalischen Verseifung von Z-Peptidestern (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 327 (1985), S. 479-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cleavage of Z-Group and Formation of Hydantoine during Saponification of Z-Peptide EstersIn the course of alkaline decomposition of the tetrapeptide ester Z-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Phe-Phe-OMe one gets a high output of a by-product. the latter was isolated and identified by 13C-n.m.r. spectroscopy to be the hydantoine derivative arising from a loss of Z-group and from a cyclisation. A possibility to suppress the undesired side-reaction by addition of benzylalcohol is proposed resulting from the discussion of a probable mechanism of reaction.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19853270315
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Struktur und Eigenschaften der Halbmetalle. VI. Die Allotropie des Schwefels (1953)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 272 (1953), S. 288-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In Analogie zum hoch- und niedermolekularen Selen wird die Ringstruktur der Molekeln in entsprechenden Formen des Schwefels diskutiert und experimentell begründet. Ringaufsprengungen werden erleichtert durch die Gegenwart von Schwefelionen und basischen Aminen, so daß diese in der Lage sind, die Umwandlungen zwischen hoch und niedermolekularen Phasen zu katalysieren. Ebenso aktivieren sie Schwefel bei chemischen Reaktionen.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19532720508
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen über die Polyäthylen-synthese mit Chromoxidhaltigen Katalysatoren (Phillips-Verfahren). I. Die Analytische Zusammensetzung der Phillips-Kontakte1 (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 338 (1965), S. 121-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chromium oxide doted aluminium silicate catalysts, used in the polyethylene synthesis by the Phillips process, can be prepared in efficient form only by adsorption of Cr(III) or Cr(VI) compounds in aqueous acid medium. During drying in air at elevated temperatures, change of the chromium compound occurs („activition“), and a surface compound of oxidation number + 5.6 ± 0.2 is formed which is soluble in acid. Another part of chromium is insoluble and in the +3 state. The atomic ratio of these parts, which gives the overall oxidation number of the contact, and its dependence on the Cr concentration, temperature, oxygen pressure, and activitation time is investigated.
    Notes: Bei der Darstellung der chromoxidhaltigen Aluminiumsilicat-Katalysatoren für die Polyäthylen-Synthese nach dem Phillips-Verfahren führt nur die adsorptive Dotierung mit Cr(III)- oder Cr(VI)-Verbindungen in saurem, wäßrigem Medium zu brauchbaren Kontakten. Während der erforderlichen Trocknung der Produkte an Luft bei höheren Temperaturen tritt eine Veränderung der aufgebrachten Chromverbindung ein („Aktivierung“); es bildet sich eine säurelösliche Oberflächen-Spezies der Oxydationszahl 5,6 ± 0,2 sowie säureunlösliches Cr(III). Das Mengenverhältnis dieser beiden Bestandteile, das die Gesamt-Oxydationszahl des Kontakts bestimmt, wird in Abhängigkeit von der Chrom-Konzentration, sowie von Temperatur, O2-Druck und Dauer der Aktivierung untersucht.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19653380303
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese und spektroskopische Eigenschaften von Alkylchinolin-8-ol-Extragenzien und deren Cu(II)-, Zn(II)- und Cd(II)-KomplexenHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. M. J. Schwuger zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1998)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 340 (1998), S. 613-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties of Alkylquinoline-8-ol Extractants and their Cu(II)-, Zn(II)- and Cd(II)-ComplexesA series of deprotonizable chelating agents HL being characteristic of 2-, 5- and 7-alkyl substituted 8-hydroxyquinolines or 5- and 7-alkyl substituted 8-hydroxyquinaldines of different alkyl chain length, H1-H5, and their Cu(II)-, Zn(II)- und Cd(II)-complexes, M(1)2-M(5)2, have been synthesized. Influences of the alkyl groups, including substituent effects on the spectroscopic properties (MS, IR, UV-VIS, 1H und 13C NMR) of the free ligands and its complexes are studied.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19983400704
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neue makrocyclische Wirte für den Einschluß von organischen Gastmolekülen - Kristallstruktur eines Komplexes mit Dimethylformamid (1 : 1) (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 335 (1993), S. 235-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New Macrocyclic Hosts for the Inclusion of Organic Guest Molecules - Crystal Structure of a Complex with Dimethylformamide (1 : 1)New pyridino crowns with amide and sulfonamide groups 1b and 1c are synthesized. They form numerous stoichiometric crystalline inclusion complexes with alcohols, various dipolar-aprotic solvents, as well as cyclic ethers. Host-guest stoichiometries are discussed and inclusion selectivities (relating to DMF) are shown. The structure of the crystalline DMF inclusion compound of the sulfonamide host 1c (1 : 1) is determined by X-ray diffraction, showing a lattice void inclusion mode.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19933350305
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benzo condensed crown ethers containing 1,8-naphthyridine or 4-pyridone units - synthesis and complex formation with organic guest molecules (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 337 (1995), S. 451-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New crown compounds 3-5 comprising beside ophenylene groups 1,8-naphthyridine or 4-pyridone groups as characteristic building units are synthesized. They form numerous stoichiometric crystalline complexes with uncharged organic molecules including alcohols, nitro compounds and other dipolar-aprotic solvents, as well as cyclic ethers and aromatic hydrocarbons. Properties of complex formation and host-guest stoichiometries are discussed making a comparison with parent host analogues.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19953370198
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