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  • 1
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: CO-Hydrierung an Kalium-promotierten, aus Cyanid-Komplexen hergestellten Eisen-, Cobalt- und NickelkatalysatorenKalium-promotierte Katalysatoren wurden durch Adsorption von K4[Fe(CN)6], K3[Co(CN)6] bzw. K2[Ni(CN)4] an γ-Al2O3 mit nachfolgender H2-Behandlung sowie mit und ohne vorhergehender Calcinierungsstufe dargestellt, um den Einfluß der Vorbehandlung auf die katalytischen Eigenschaften zu untersuchen. Einige Charakteristika der Katalysatoren wurden nach der Reaktion mit Hilfe der Mößbauer- und Röntgenphotoelektronenspektroskopie untersucht. Die katalytischen Eigenschaften bei der CO-Hydrierung wurden durch die Vorbehandlungsbedingungen beeinflußt, insbesondere bei den Eisenkatalysatoren. Eine hohe Selektivität für Olefine und ein niedriger Anteil an langkettigen Kohlenwasserstoffen ergab sich in der Reaktion an nichtcalcinierten Eisenkatalysatoren. Für Eisenkatalysatoren wurden ferner bemerkenswerte Unterschiede in der Anderson-Schulz-Flory-Verteilung der KW in Abhängigkeit von der Katalysator-Vorbehandlung gefunden. Entsprechende Unterschiede bei den Cobalt-haltigen Katalysatoren waren jedoch geringer. Die CO-Hydrierung an Kalium-promotierten Nickelkatalysatoren ergab einen hohen Anteil an langkettigen KW und eine hohe Selektivität für Olefine im Vergleich zu unpromotierten Nickelkatalysatoren.
    Notes: Several potassium promoted catalysts have been prepared by adsorption of K4[Fe(CN)6], K3[Co(CN)6] and K2[Ni(CN)4] on acid-modified γ-alumina. Subsequent H2 treatment with or without previous calcination step has been carried out in order to study the influence of the sample pretreatment on the catalytic behavior in the CO hydrogenation reaction. Some characteristics of the catalysts have been studied after reaction by means of Mössbauer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic techniques. The catalytic properties for CO hydrogenation were found to be affected by the pretreatment conditions, especially for iron catalysts. A high selectivity to olefins and a low production of long chain hydrocarbons were obtained in the reaction over non-calcined iron catalysts. For iron catalysts noticeable differences in the Anderson-Schulz-Flory distribution of hydrocarbons were induced by the catalyst pretreatment. Such differences induced by catalyst pretreatments were, however, smaller for cobalt-containing catalysts. In the CO hydrogenation on potassium-promoted nickel catalysts a high production of long chain hydrocarbons and a high selectivity to olefins were found when compared to the unpromoted nickel-catalysts.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 19 (1992), S. 548-552 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray photoelectron and x-ray-induced Auger spectroscopic analyses of various copper-containing catalysts have been used to reveal the chemical state of copper during on-stream in the dehydrogenation of methanol to methyl formate. Three catalyst systems have been selected for this purpose: (1) supported preparations (Cu/S, where S = ZrO2, SiO2, ZnO, MgO or graphite); (2) mixed oxides of the type LaMn1-xCuxO3 (x = 0.4-0.6); (3) copper-containing bentonite and sepiolite. The binding energies of the Cu 2p levels in all catalysts after reaction correspond to reduced Cu species, i.e. Cuo and/or Cu+. However, the precise differentiation between these reduced species is only feasible by measuring the Cu L3VV x-ray-induced Auger parameter. Acocordingly, the energies of the modified Auger parameter for type (1) and (2) catalysts were close to that of Cuo, while they correspond to Cu+ species for type (3) preparations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 20 (1993), S. 1067-1074 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The nature of copper species of a series of alumina-supported copper samples was investigated by the kinetics of reduction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature-programmed desorption-mass spectrometry of chemisorbed NO and infrared spectroscopy of chemisorbed NO and CO probes. The role of these copper species was also examined in the catalytic decomposition of NO. The surface properties of copper were found to depend strongly on both Cu loading and calcination treatment. At Cu contents as low as 0.6 wt.%, Cu2+ ions from a well-dispersed interacting phase at the alumina surface, which upon calcination forms a surface spinel CuAl2O4. At copper contents up to 3.2 wt.%, both the surface spinel CuAl2O4 and a segregated CuO phase were clearly distinguished. The partial reduction of these species upon thermal treatment under high vacuum, the ability of the surface sites to chemisorb NO and CO probes and their implications in the catalytic decomposition of NO are discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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