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  • Chemistry  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An apparatus for quantitative gas-absorption measurements (1959)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 1 (1959), S. 336-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An apparatus for quantitative gas-absorption measurements is described and illustrated with drawings and photograph. A commercially available aluminium block heating unit, adapted to accommodate glass sample tubes, is mounted in an octagonal frame. Gas burets and leveling bulbs are supported on the frame to provide an apparatus for measuring volume changes at a given pressure. Data on rate of heatup and temperature distribution within a sample tube are given. The apparatus has been used primarily for volumetric oxygen-absorption measurements in studies related to the oxidation of rubber, but it is adaptable to studies involving other materials and other gaseous atmospheres at controlled temperatures. For example, studies have been made with polyethylene, epoxide coatings, and drying oils. The apparatus has also proved useful for curing polyurethanes under moisture-free conditions and for the vulcanization of rubber in a nitrogen atmosphere.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1959.070010311
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of antioxidant action in the stabilization of hydrocarbon systemsPresented, by invitation, at the Symposium on Stabilization of Polyolefins, Division of Paints, Plastics, and Printing Ink Chemistry, 135th Meeting, American Chemical Society, Boston, April 1959. (1959)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2 (1959), S. 345-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Four antioxidant classifications, based on differences in the method by which they exert their effect, are noted. The mechanism of the chain-stopping action is discussed in terms of four different reactions which have been proposed. The participation of the antioxidant in the mechanism of inhibited thermal oxidation is reviewed. The hydrogen donation mechanism as the first step in the chain-stopping mechanism has been investigated by observing the effect of replacing the active hydrogen of the antioxidant by deuterium. Contrary to the findings of some prior workers, a kinetic isotope effect has been demonstrated with a secondary aryl amine antioxidant as well as with phenols. These results, together with other supporting evidences reported in the literature, indicate that abstraction of a hydrogen from the antioxidant is the initial step in the usual mechanism by which antioxidants serve as chain stoppers in the oxidation of hydrocarbon systems.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1959.070020616
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the deuterium isotope effect in antioxidant activityPresented before the Division of Polymer Chemistry at the meeting of the American Chemical Society in Atlantic City, N. J., September 1959. (1960)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 42 (1960), S. 289-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In an attempt to correlate the conflicting reports in the literature with regard to the presence of a deuterium isotope effect in antioxidant activity, this study was undertaken to investigate the factors on which this effect depends. It was found that variations in the magnitude and direction of the isotope effect in a study of this type could be brought about by varying each of the following factors separately: (1) concentration of the antioxidant; (2) temperature of the oxidation run; (3) nature of the antioxidant. The reason for the dependence of the isotope effect on these factors is thought to be the possibility for direct oxygen attack on the antioxidant, yielding radicals capable of beginning a kinetic chain. This study also demonstrated the amazing ease of exchange of the labile hydrogen on the antioxidant for deuterium in the presence of the inert organic solvent and heavy water. This is the basis for a very simple new procedure which was developed for the preparation of deuterated antioxidants. It also emphasizes that in an attempt to discover an isotope effect in antioxidant activity all water must be continuously excluded from the system. The isotope effects demonstrated in this and a previous study support the hydrogen abstraction mechanism for antioxidant activity.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1960.1204214001
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 9 (1971), S. 173-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1971.110090303
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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