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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crohn's disease: the Melbourne experience (1992)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 7 (1992), S. 165-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Crohn's disease ; Childhood ; Bowel resection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract During the years 1979–1988, 63 children (38 male: 25 female) were first diagnosed as having Crohn's disease on the basis of histological findings. Twenty-nine per cent were less than 10 years old at the onset of symptoms; 40% of these cases took more than 1 year to diagnose. Most patients (59%) presented with abdominal pain and diarrhoea, but 40% presented with: a non-specific illness (14%); upper gastro-intestinal tract symptoms (14%); growth failure (6%); systemic disease (5%), or peri-anal disease (1%). There were signs of abdominal tenderness, distension, or an abdominal mass in over 50% of cases. Peri-anal Crohn's disease was present in 41% and a height less than the 10th centile was recorded at diagnosis in 45%. Children were treated with a combination of prednisolone and sulphasalazine. In 16 cases a bowel resection was performed. Surgery was indicated for localised stricture formation causing obstruction and for persistence of severe disease poorly responsive to steroids, particularly in the prepubertal child with growth failure. The extent and distribution of disease influenced outcome. Twenty-four of 39 children followed for more than 3 years are either well-controlled or disease-free at present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00175830
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of microgravity bioreactors for development of an in vitro rat salivary gland cell culture model (1993)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 51 (1993), S. 265-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: exocrine ; endocrine ; EGF ; signal transduction ; microgravity ; cell culture ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: During development, salivary gland (SG) cells both secrete factors which modulate cellular behavior and express specific hormone receptors. Whether SG cell growth is modulated by an autocrine epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor-mediated signal transduction pathway is not clearly understood. SG tissue is the synthesis site for functionally distinct products including growth factors, digestive enzymes, and homeostasis maintaining factors. Historically, SG cells have proven difficult to grow and may be only maintained as limited three-dimensional ductal-type structures in collagen gels or on reconstituted basement membrane gels. A novel approach to establishing primary rat SG cultures is use of microgravity bioreactors originally designed by NASA as low-shear culture systems for predicting cell growth and differentiation in the microgravity environment of space. These completely fluid-filled bioreactors, which are oriented horizontally and rotate, have proven advantageous for Earth-based culture of three-dimensional cell assemblies, tissue-like aggregates, and glandular structures. Use of microgravity bioreactors for establishing in vitro models to investigate steroid-mediated secretion of EGF by normal SG cells may also prove useful for the investigation of cancer and other salivary gland disorders. These microgravity bioreactors promise challenging opportunities for future applications in basic and applied cell research. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240510305
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion channels in boar sperm plasma membranes: Characterization of a cation selective channel (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 30 (1991), S. 135-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Calcium channels ; Ruthenium red ; Verapamil ; Nitrendipine ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Plasma membranes isolated from cauda epididymal and ejaculated boar sperm were inserted into planar lipid bilayers and examined for the presence of ion channels. Channel fusion was frequently observed; the most prominent was a nonselective cation channel which conducted K, Na, Cs, Ca, and Ba. Channel opening did not show a strict dependence on voltage but was partially blocked by verapamil, nitrendipine, and ruthenium red. A channel with these characteristics was observed when plasma membranes were isolated by high-pressure nitrogen cavitation (650 psi, 78% sperm head plasma membranes) or at very low nitrogen pressures (50 psi, 90% sperm head plasma membranes), suggesting that this channel may be present in the plasma membrane overlying the sperm head.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080300210
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis characterization of apz, a sperm protein involved in zona binding in the pig and evidence for its binding to specific zona glycoproteins (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 28 (1991), S. 260-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Zona pellucida ; Plasma membrane ; Boar ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A boar sperm integral plasma membrane protein (APz) involved in the adhesion of uncapacitated and capacitated sperm to the porcine zona pellucida (ZP) has been characterized by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and tested for its ability to bind to various zona glycopeptides. APz shows microheterogeneity and focuses over a wide pH range, with predominant forms focusing above pH 7. The protein, when excised from nonreducing polyacrylamide gels, inhibited sperm-egg binding and bound heat-solubilized zonae preventing these zonae from blocking sperm binding to eggs. In an indirect assay, a polyclonal monovalent antibody, which blocks sperm-egg binding and which is absorbed by APz, was used to determine the ability of zona glycopeptides to prevent the sperm-egg blocking activity of the antibody from being absorbed by intact sperm. When whole heat-solubilized ZP was added to sperm at doses that block sperm-egg binding and the excess ZP was removed, the sperm-egg blocking activity of the antibody was not absorbed by these sperm, and antibody-containing supernatants blocked the binding of untreated sperm to eggs as effectively as antibody that was not mixed with fresh sperm. When alpha ZP3 was used in the same manner, sperm-egg blocking activity again was not absorbed by antibody-treated cells. Beta ZP3, however, failed to block sperm-egg binding and failed to absorb the sperm-egg blocking activity of the antibody. These findings support the argument that the action of APz is physiologically significant and involves specific binding sites on the ZP3 component of the ZP.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080280308
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of boar sperm proacrosin during spermatogenesis and during sperm maturation in the epididymis (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 192 (1991), S. 129-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The localization of proacrosin was determined by using colloidal gold labeling and electron microscopy of boar germ cells during spermiogenesis to post-ejaculation. Proacrosin was first localized in round spermatids during the Golgi phase of spermiogenesis; it was associated with the electron-dense granule, or acrosomal granule that was conspicuous within the acrosome. It remained within the acrosomal granule during the cap and acrosome phases of spermiogenesis. At these stages, there was no apparent association of the proacrosin molecule with the acrosomal membranes. During the maturation phase of spermiogenesis, proacrosin was seen to become dispersed into all regions of the acrosome except the equatorial segment. When sperm from different segments of the epididymis and ejaculated sperm were examined, localization was observed throughout the acrosome except for the equatorial segment. Here proacrosin appeared to be localized on both the inner and outer acrosomal membranes as well as with the acrosomal matrix, although further studies are required to verify the membrane localization. No labeling was seen on the plasma membrane. These data suggest that the synthesis and movement of proacrosin to sites in the acrosome are controlled by an as yet unknown process. The absence of proacrosin on the plasma membrane of mature ejaculated sperm makes it unlikely that this enzyme plays a role in sperm-zona adhesion prior to capacitation.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001920204
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