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  • General Chemistry  (74)
  • Synthesis  (3)
  • Chiral ligands  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 1191-1203 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Asymmetric alkylation ; Pyridines, optically active ; Chiral ligands ; Asymmetric synthesis ; Enantioselective catalysis ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Enantioselective alkylation of a variety of aldehydes with diethylzinc was achieved by using catalytic amounts of optically active pyridines and C2-symmetric 2,2′-bipyridines. The products were obtained in good yields with high enantioselectivities. Steric factors of the catalyst structure which govern the stereoselectivity were revealed, and important reaction intermediates were identified by spectroscopic means and singlecrystal X-ray diffraction. The effect of additives on the optical purity of the product was studied. A strong asymmetric amplification was found with catalysts of low ee′s.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 1249-1252 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amino alcohols ; Amine N-oxides ; Asymmetric synthesis ; Hydrogen bonds ; Structure determination ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -Enantiopure 2-azabicyclo[3.3.0]octanes 1a-d and ent-1e were oxidized with mCPBA to provide either diastereomeric pairs of N-oxides (2a/3a and 2b/3b) or diastereomerically pure compounds (2c,d and ent-2e). The structure of compounds 2a and ent-2e was confirmed by an X-ray study. The factors that affect the oxidation process are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: 3,7-Dioxa-2-azabicyclo[3.3.0]octanes ; 2,6-Dioxa-3-azatricyclo[5.3.1.04.11]undecanes ; Amino alcohols ; Chiral ligands ; Enantioselective catalysis ; Homogenous catalysis ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reduction of the enantiomerically pure allyloxy esters 9 or ent-9 with DIBAH afforded the corresponding aldehydes which were treated in situ with chiral or achiral hydroxylamines 8 to give nitrones 10. These underwent a spontaneous intramolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, affording the bicyclic compounds 11 and 12, respectively. In an analogous manner, a mixture of the tricyclic compounds 14 and 15 was prepared. Treatment of compound 16 with cyclohexene oxide afforded a mixture of diastereomers 17 and 18. Diastereomers 14 and 15 as well as 17 and 18 could be separated by chromatography. X-ray analyses of compounds 11Ff, 17, and 11Af · HCl were performed. The bicyclic and tricyclic compounds were used as chiral ligands in the reaction of diethylzinc with aldehydes 19, in particular with benzaldehyde (19a). Using bicyclic compounds with a tertiary β-hydroxyalkyl substitutent at the N atom as ligands, ee's in the range of 78 to 95% were found. Whereas for the best ligands 11Ae and Af the enantioselectivity in the reaction of 4-tolualdehyde was only slightly decreased, with the aliphatic aldehydes 19c and d distinctly lower enantioselectivities were determined.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 1391-1401 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Polycycles ; Sandwich complexes ; Site preference ; Cyclic voltammetry ; NMR and EPR spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The sandwich complexes bis(η6-triphenylene)chromium (12) and bis(η6-fluoranthene)chromium (13) have been prepared by means of metal atom/ligand vapor cocondensation. Whereas for triphenylene exclusive coordination to the peripheral rings is observed, the situation is more complicated for fluoranthene. According to NMR evidence initial metal coordination to the benzene (B) as well as to the naphthalene (N) section of the fluoranthene ligand occurs, leading to the isomers 13(I) (η6-B, η6-B), 13(II) (η6-B, η6-N) and 13(III) (η6-N, η6-N). Since the substitutional lability of the chromium-naphthalene bond largely exceeds that of the chromium-benzene bond, the isomer distribution depends on the workup conditions; 13(I) is clearly the most stable isomer. Crystal structure determinations performed for the salts [12][BPh4] and [13][I] point to the preference for syn orientation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and to a minute metal slippage in the peripheral direction. The triphenylene complex 12 features the electrochemically reversible redox couples 12 (+/0, metal-centered), 12 (0/-, ligand-centered) and 12 (-/2-, ligand-centered), the latter displaying a redox splitting of 300 mV. Conversely, for the fluoranthene complex 13, secondary reduction 13 (-/2-) is irreversible. This finding is consistent with the larger redox splitting of ca. 480 mV which indicates more extensive interligand interaction in the dianion 132-, thereby favoring metal-ligand cleavage. While the radical cations 12+· and 13+· are amenable to EPR study, the radical anions 12-· and 13-· are too unstable. Instead, the radical anions of the free ligands are observed by EPR upon electrochemical reduction. In the case of 12, the temporary existence of the radical anion 12-· is indicated, however.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1999 (1999), S. 2173-2185 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: EPR spectroscopy ; Metallocenylboranes ; Organovanadium radicals ; Redox chemistry (CV) ; X-ray diffraction ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The paramagnetic complexes di(mesityl)([5]trovacenyl)borane (5·), (mesityl)di([5]trovacenyl)borane (6··), and tri([5]trovacenyl)borane (7···) were prepared from [5]trovacenyllithium, (η5-C7H7)V(η5-C5H4Li), and (Mes)2BF, (Mes)BF2, and BF3, respectively. The propeller-shaped species 5·, 6··, and 7··· were subjected to X-ray diffraction with the aim of possibly correlating the twist angles with intramolecular intermetallic communication. Cyclic voltammetry points to successive vanadium-centered oxidation processes and boron-centered reduction, a small redox splitting δE1/2[(2+/+), (+/0)] being observed for 6··. According to EPR spectroscopy, performed in fluid solution, the exchange interaction J in the diradical 6·· approaches the fast-exchange region and is attenuated significantly by quaternization at boron in [6··-nBu]-. Although EPR spectroscopy of the triradical 7··· also indicates an extensive exchange interaction, the exchange parameters, derived from spectral simulation, follow the gradation J(7···) ≈ 1/3 J(6··). The magnetic susceptibility of 6·· and 7··· follows the same trend. As expected, compound 7··· exhibits spin frustration because it contains three antiferromagnetically coupled S = 1/2 systems that are arranged in an equilateral triangle.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Synthesis design ; Conformational analysis ; Perhydroanthracene ; Biconformational triple-ring flip ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -2,3,6,7-Tetrasubstituted perhydroanthracenes with the relative configuration 2β,3α,4aα,6β,7α,8aβ,9aα,10aβ have been synthesized stereoselectively. The biconformationality of these compounds has been investigated in solution by NMR and in the solid state by X-ray crystallography. A triple-ring flip 2 → 3 was realized for the first time by the covalently induced transition 29 → 30.Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under -http://www.wileY-Vch.de/contents/jc_2046/1999/98441_s.pdf or from the author.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 2 (1996), S. 604-607 
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: aggregates ; lithium compounds ; oxenoids ; peroxides ; structure elucidation ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The X-ray crystal structure of the dodecameric lithium tert-butylperoxide [2]12 is the first of an alkali or alkaline earth peroxide. It shows the lithium ion bridging the two oxygen atoms of the peroxide unit and a slight lenghtening of the O-O bond, in agreement with quantum-chemical calculations. A calculation for the model reaction of MeLi with LiOOH to give MeOLi and LiOH reveals the importance of Li bridging the O-O bond in the transition state of this reaction, as similarly discussed for many oxidation reactions of (transition-) metal peroxides. Preliminary theoretical studies of the O-O bond length (and thus of the oxenoid character) as a function of the aggregation of 2 disclose that increasing aggregation leads to stabilization of the charge at the anionic oxygen atom and thus to a reduction of the O-O bond length (oxenoid character). Related considerations of the effect of aggregation should also be valid for other lithium (organometallic) compounds and their structure and reactivity as well as other properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: β-Turn mimetic ; Conformational analysis ; Synthesis design ; Tetrahydrofuran ; THF amino acid ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N- and C-protected derivatives of 2,5-disubstituted trans- and cis-THF amino acids 6 and 7 were prepared in enantiomerically pure form from L-alanine. Felkin-Anh-controlled reduction of the ketone 9 was achieved with a 85:15 diastereoselectivity. Epoxidation of 10 and subsequent intramolecular epoxide opening gave the trans- and cis-THF alcohols 11 and 12, which were further transformed into the corresponding N- and C-protected 2,5-disubstituted trans- and cis-THF amino acids. Conformational studies show that the cis-THF diamide 34 is a β-turn mimetic in the solid state and in CDCl3 solution.Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2046/1999/99165_s.pdf or from the author.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Ab-initio-Rechnungen ; Carbenoide ; Strukturaufklärung ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Ab-initio-Rechnungen ; Aromatizität ; Bor ; Carbene ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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