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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Chronic Copper Poisoning ; Status Spongiosus ; Oligodendrocytes ; Alzheimer Glia ; Glial Transport Mechanisms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty nine out of 42 sheep were given copper sulphate daily by mouth and the remaining 13 were undosed controls. Nine of the dosed animals were killed before the haemolytic crisis of chronic copper poisoning developed, 11 sheep died during haemolysis and 9 died subsequent to haemolysis. The central nervous system was fixed either by perfusion or immersion. Light microscopical studies showed that astrocytic changes were present in the haemolytic and post haemolytic groups and that in brain tissue fixed by immersion the volume of astrocytic nuclei was significantly greater than that of controls. Vacuolation of white matter was seen as a terminal phenomenon in some but not all the affected sheep. Ultrastructural studies showed that most of the vacuoles associated with nerve fibres were in the outer tongue of oligodendrocyte cytoplasm. The swollen astrocytes contained more glycogen, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum than normal and the last was often expanded into vacuoles. Serum ure levels were high in animals during the haemolytic and post haemolytic phases. One animal that died during haemolysis and two that died after haemolysis had raised plasma ammonia levels. It seems possible that the changes that occur in the brain of animals in chronic chopper poisoning are due to the effects of altered metabolic processes on glial transport mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Lesions in Central Nervous System ; Lambs ; Copper Chelating Agent ; Sodium Diethyldithiocarbamate ; Neuroaxonal Dystrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Lämmern im Alter von 2 Tagen und 1 Monat wurden wiederholt intraperitoneale Injektionen von Natrium-Diäthyldithiocarbamat (NDDC) in Phosphatpuffer oder Phosphatpuffer allein verabreicht. Mit Ausnahme eines Tieres starben alle mit NDDC behandelten Lämmer innerhalb von 16 Wochen. Ein nicht spontan verendetes Versuchstier und 4 Kontrolltiere wurden zu diesem Zeitpunkt getötet. Die meisten behandelten Tiere zeigten erhöhte Kupferwerte in Leber und Rückenmark. Im ZNS aller Tiere, die NDDC durch 3 Wochen und länger erhalten hatten, fanden sich eosinophile Körperchen, deren licht- und elektronenoptisches Verhalten beschrieben wird. Sie zeigen große Ähnlichkeit mit den Veränderungen bei spontaner neuroaxonaler Dystrophie des Menschen und der Schafe sowie nach chronischem Vitamin E-Mangel der Ratte und nach Verabreichung verschiedener Neurotoxine. Diese Befunde werden diskutiert und ihre mögliche Entstehung erörtert.
    Notes: Summary Two days old and 1 month old lambs were given repeated intraperitoneal injections of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (NDDC) in phosphate buffer or phosphate buffer alone. All but one NDDC treated lamb died before 16 weeks when this animal and the 4 controls were killed. Most but not all the treated lambs had elevated copper levels, in liver and spinal cord. Eosinophilic bodies were found in all lambs that had received NDDC for 3 weeks or longer. The light and electronmicroscopic appearance of these bodies is described. The findings are discussed in relation to the close similarity which exists between these changes and those found in naturally occurring neuroaxonal dystrophy of man and sheep and to that found in long-standing vitamin E deficiency in the rat and after the application of certain neurotoxic poisons. A possible explanation for these changes is mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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