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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excision of trocar sites reduces tumor implantation in an animal model (1998)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 41 (1998), S. 1107-1111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Colon cancer ; Laparoscopy ; Metastasis ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Trocar implantation ; Tumor implants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of excising abdominal trocar wound sites after pneumoperitoneum on the rate of trocar site tumor implantation in a hamster model. This would help determine whether tumor cells seed trocar sites during or after pneumoperitoneum. METHODS: A total of 0.5 ml of GW-39 human colon cancer cell suspension at 2.5 percent v/v (8×105 cells) was injected into the abdomens of 77 hamsters through a midline incision. Animals were subjected to ten minutes of pneumoperitoneum, after placement of four abdominal trocars, and then randomly assigned to undergo either simple suture closure or 4-mm radius trocar wound site excision at the end of the procedure. Gross and microscopic tumor implants were documented seven weeks later. RESULTS: There were three and four deaths in simple suture closure and wound site excision groups, respectively. Of the remaining 35 hamsters in each group, tumor cells implanted at 89 and 78 percent of trocar sites, respectively (P〈0.03). There was no significant difference between the two groups in tumor implantation at midline laparotomy sites. Wound site excision also resulted in fewer palpable tumors (44vs. 61 percent;P〈0.01) and a lower tumor implantation rate (49vs. 74 percent;P〈0.05) at all four concurrent sites compared with simple suture closure. CONCLUSIONS: Excision of laparoscopic abdominal trocar wound sites can significantly, but not completely, reduce tumor implantation rate compared with simple wound closure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02239431
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sodium hyaluronate carboxymethylcellulose-based bioresorbable membrane (seprafilm™)—Does it affect tumor implantation at abdominal wound sites? (1999)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 42 (1999), S. 614-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Colon cancer ; Laparoscopic colectomy ; Postoperative adhesions ; Sodium hyaluronate carboxymethylcellulose ; Trocar-site recurrence ; Tumor implantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: This study examines the effects of a sodium hyaluronate-based bioresorbable membrane (Seprafilm™) on tumor implantation at surgical wound and laparoscopic trocar sites. METHODS: GW-39, an established human colon cancer line carried in immunocompetent golden Syrian hamsters was used as the experimental model. Under general anesthesia, a 2-cm midline incision was made to allow placement of four 5-mm abdominal trocars. Hamsters were then randomly assigned to preSeprafilm™, postSeprafilm™, and control (no Seprafilm™) groups. In the preSeprafilm™ group 0.5 ml of a 5 percent (vol/vol) suspension of the GW-39 tumor cells (∼1.675 × 106 cells) was injected into the abdomen of each hamstervia midline incision. Trocars were removed, the wounds were closed, and 1 cm2 of Seprafilm™ was placed on the peritoneal surface of each trocar site. In the postSeprafilm™ group the membrane was placed at each site before injection of tumor cells. The control group did not receive Seprafilm™. The animals were killed after seven weeks, and the abdominal wound sites were excised. Sites without gross tumor underwent histologic evaluation. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-two animals were randomly assigned to the three groups. The preSeprafilm™ group had an 87 percent tumor implantation rate. The postSeprafilm™ group had a 90 percent tumor implantation rate. The control group had an 88 percent tumor implantation rate. Chi squared analysis demonstrated that these total tumor implant rates and mean tumor mass were similar at all wound sites and between groups. No toxicity was observed in any of the experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS: Sodium hyaluronate-based bioresorbable membrane (Seprafilm™) does not influence GW-39 human colon cancer implantation at abdominal wound sites in this hamster model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02234137
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release routes of incorporated desmetryn from EVA-films. An example for the behavior of low volatility additives in polymers under outdoor conditions (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 2069-2077 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Release of desmetryn into the gas phase from films of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, in which the herbicide was incorporated for special agricultural applications, was investigated for comparison with release into water and under outdoor conditions. It could be shown that the rate of release of the active chemical into the gas phase was negligible compared with that into water and only slightly dependent on temperature in the range 0-75°C.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070340602
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pestizide Polymere, 1. Herstellung und Untersuchung endosulfanhaltiger LDPE- und EVA-Folien (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 113 (1983), S. 169-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Endosulfan was mixed with granules of LDPE and EVA and drawn into sheets under different conditions in an extruder. It was observed that endosulfan incurred no change up to a temperature of 190°C in the extrusion process. The additives like derivatives of benzophenone and amide of oleic acid had no effect. The LDPE sheets saturated with endosulfan contained about 0.8% α- and 0.2% β-isomer. This phenomenon was attributed to the different solubilities of the two isomers. Sheets drawn from EVA containing ≥ 10% VAC could dissolve ≥ 8% of the two isomers homogeneously.
    Notes: Mischungen aus Endosulfan mit LDPE- bzw. EVA-Granulaten wurden unter unterschiedlichen Bedingungen zu Flachfolien extrudiert und diese untersucht. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß bei Extrusionstemperaturen bis 190°C keine Veränderung des Endosulfans erfolgt. Additive wie Benzophenonderivate und Ölsäureamid hatten ebenfalls keinen Einfluß auf das Extrusionsverhalten des Endosulfans. Bedingt durch die unterschiedlichen Löslichkeiten der Isomeren des Endosulfans betrugen die Sättigungskonzentrationen in der LDPE-Folie für α-Endosulfan ca. 0,8% und für β-Endosulfan ca. 0,2%. Bei EVA-Folien mit ≥ 10% VAC-Anteil konnten ≥8% (α + β) Endosulfan homogen gelöst werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1983.051130116
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pestizide polymere, 2. Untersuchung der Herstellungsparameter pestizidenthaltender LDPE- und EVA-Folien (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 116 (1983), S. 139-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mixtures of some selected pesticides and LDPE-and EVA-Granules were extruded into sheets. It could be shown, that in general the active agents are stable in extrusion process. Only a derivate of N-methylphenylcarbamat (Propoxur) decomposed to corresponding phenol. The solubilities of the pesticides in the polymers depend on the relative polarities of both components. Further, with the help of Rf values on RPTLC, it is possible to assess the solubilities of these substances in polymer sheets.
    Notes: Mischungen aus einer Auswahl von Pfanzenschutzmitteln mit LDPE- und EVA-Granulaten wurden zu Folien extrudiert und diese untersucht. Es wurde gezeigt, daß die pestiziden Wirkstoffe unter Extrusionsbedingungen im allgemeinen stabil sind. Lediglich ein N-Methylphenylcarbamat (Propoxur) wurde zu dem betreffenden Phenol zersetzt. Die Löslichkeiten der Wirkstoffe in den Polymeren waren von den Polaritäten beider Komponenten abhängig. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß es möglich ist, diese Löslichkeiten mit Hilfe der Rf-Werte der RPTLC im voraus abzuschätzen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1983.051160111
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pestizide polymere, 3Teil 2 s. Lit.3. Bewitterung pestizid ausgerüsteter EVA-folienHerrn Prof. Dr. F. Korte zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 119 (1983), S. 147-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mixtures of ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA)-copolymeres and some selected pesticides were extruded into sheets for agricultural use. The migration of pesticides and their chemical behaviour in the polymer matrix under atmospheric conditions were investigated. The relative decrease of concentrations of the active agents in a field exposition of 13 days could be approximately correlated with their vapour pressures. In some pesticides photochemical reactions caused by sunlight led to decomposition or isomerization. The addition of two light stabilizers (UV-absorber and quencher) had no significant effect on photodecomposition. The results indicate the aptitude of pesticides from different chemical types (esters of phosphoric acids, chlorinated hydrocarbons, derivatives of triazines and methylurea) for sheet application.
    Notes: Mischungen aus Ethylen/Vinylacetat-Copolymeren (EVA-Copolymeren) und einer Auswahl von Pflanzenbehandlungsmitteln wurden zu pestizid ausgerüsteten Bedeckungsfolien für die Landwirtschaft extrudiert. Die Migration der Pestizide aus den Folien und ihr chemisches Verhalten in der polymeren Matrix unter natürlichen Witterungsbedingungen wurde untersucht. Die relative Konzentrationsabnahme der Wirkstoffe nach einer Freilandexposition von 13 Tagen konnte näherungsweise mit den Dampfdrücken der Substanzen korreliert werden. Bei einigen Pestiziden führten durch das Sonnenlicht ausgelöste photochemische Reaktionen zu Substanzabbau bzw. Isomerisierung. Die Verwendung von zwei Lichtschutzmitteln (UV-Absorber und Quencher) führte zu keiner signifikanten Reduzierung des Photoabbaus. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse geben Hinweise auf die Eignung von Pestiziden aus verschiedenen chemischen Wirkstoffklassen (Phosphorsäureester, chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe, Triazinderivate und Methylharnstoffderivate) für die Folienapplikation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1983.051190111
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective in vitro removal of anti-A antibodies by adsorption on encapsulatederythrocyte-ghosts (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 37 (1997), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: microencapsulation ; immunoadsorption ; anti-A antibodies ; double emulsion-evaporation ; erythrocyte-ghosts ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Large volume plasma exchanges are used for the removal of anti-Aor anti-B antibodies from the plasma of patients undergoingtransplantation from donors with major ABO incompatibility. Previous works suggest that solid-phase immunoadsorption can besubstituted for plasma exchange in situations where antigens canbe purified and immobilized on columns through which plasma ispercolated. However, the preparation of purified antigens of theABO system in large quantities is laborious and requires the useof considerable blood volumes. Studies were therefore undertakento determine the feasibility of an original immunoadsorbent basedon porous microparticles prepared by a water/oil/wateremulsification-solvent evaporation method, within whicherythrocytes-ghosts carrying blood-group antigens were entrapped. The decrease of the antibody hemagglutinating titre afteradsorption onto encapsulated ghosts suggests that antibodies cancross the polymeric membrane and bind to the antigens. Thisoriginal approach of using encapsulated antigens for the batchwiseremoval of antibodies could be extended to affinity chromatography, and immunoadsorption therapy with a chromatographic column linked to an extracorporeal circulation could be considered. © 1997John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 37,155-160, 1997.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    XPS study of BN thin films deposited by CVD on SiC plane substrates (1990)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 16 (1990), S. 440-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: BN films deposited from a BF3—NH3 precursor, under chemical vapour infiltration conditions, on plane sintered α-SiC substrates were analysed by XPS. The films are non-stoichiometric with an N/B atomic ratio of 〈1. They also contain significant amounts of oxygen atoms, homogeneously distributed in the film and thought to replace partly the nitrogen atoms in the turbostratic hexagonal network. As a result, ternary BNxOy species are formed locally. Near the BN/SiC interface, the oxygen concentration increases owing to the occurrence of ternary SiNxOy species, thought to be the result of an oxinitriding reaction on the substrate surface with the gas phase containing residual oxygen, at the very beginning of the BN deposition process.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740160191
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    XPS analysis of lithium intercalation in thin films of molybdenum oxysulphides (1994)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 22 (1994), S. 206-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin films of molybdenum oxysulphides which could be used as positive electrode materials in microbatteries were analysed by XPS. The results have shown the existence of a new environment for molybdenum with S22- pairs, S2- and O2- ions. The evolution of these thin films MoOySz at different stages of their cycle in experimental generators has also been studied; the main elements involved in the redox processes have been characterized: molybdenum atoms with +6 formal oxidation number and disulphide pairs S22-.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740220146
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the bulk and surface acidity of protonated Y zeolites by TPD and XPS (1994)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 22 (1994), S. 407-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The combined use of temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of nitrogened bases (ammonia, pyridine) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was applied to the study of acidity of HY zeolites with different molar Si/Al ratios (∼ 2.7, 5.8, 24).N1s binding energies of probe molecules showed two types of sites (Brönsted and Lewis) whose relative proportions varied with pretreatment and desorption temperatures, and a dissociative adsorption of NH3 for dehydroxylated zeolites.The TPD curves and the XPS quantitative analyses of probe molecule concentration in Zeolites allowed the determination of acid sites distribution in term of strength for the real surface of crystals and for a sub-surface partially freed of extra-framework species that cover it. These data showed that the acid sites located in sodalite units are mostly strong and Brönsted type sites.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740220188
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