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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (5)
  • Scanning electron microscopy  (3)
  • Composition  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 118-122 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteogenesis imperfecta ; Mineral ; Composition ; Microanalysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A semiquantitative electron probe X-ray microan-alytical (XRMA) technique, in conjunction with transmission electron microscopy, was used to compare the calcium to phosphorus (Ca/P) molar ratios in calcium phosphate standards of known composition, in normal bone and in bone from patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Using a modified routine processing and resin embedding schedule, the measured Ca/P molar ratio of calcium phosphates standards of known composition were found to correlate well with the Ca/P molar ratio based on their respective chemical formulae. This technique was then used to compare the Ca/P molar ratio in normal human bone and in OI bone. The Ca/P ratio values for normal bone (Ca/P=1.631) correlated well with those for chemically prepared hydroxyapatite (Ca/P=1.602), but in bone from OI patients, the Ca/P molar ratio was significantly lower (Ca/P=1.488). This study has shown that there is a lower Ca/P molar ratio in OI bone compared with normal, matched bone. This suggests that the mineral deviates from the carbanoapatite usually found in bone. Isomorphous substitutions in the carbanoapatite lattice could account for this although this study has neither proved nor disproved this. The altered bone mineral is an-other factor that could contribute to the increased fracture rate observed in OI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Islets of Langerhans ; Microangioarchitecture ; Corrosion casts ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Naja naja, Vipera russelli, Echis carinatus (Serpentes)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Due to a decided lack in the literature of reports on the microangioarchitecture of the pancreas of snakes, an analysis was performed in three different species of two different ophidian families with the use of cast preparations and complementary scanning electron microscopy. The vascular architecture reflects the lobular substructure of the pancreas; the organ is supplied by branches of the superior mesentric artery. Coiled lobular arteries and arterioles continue into a meshwork of capillaries. Dilated capillaries of the endocrine portion of the pancreas are an integral component of this fine capillary network. A few very small capillaries establish a connection between the endocrine and the exocrine pancreas. The other capillaries drain into venules, which ultimately join their respective veins. No interspecific differences were noted in the vascularization of the pancreas of the three ophidian species examined. The present results suggest the existence of arterio-venous anastomoses and speak against the presence of a portal system, but establish a feed-forward capillary connection from the endocrine to the exocrine component of the ophidian pancreas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 425-429 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pineal organ ; Angioarchitecture (capillaries,arteries, veins) ; Corrosion-cast preparation method ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Salmo gairdneri
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The angioarchitecture of the pineal organ of the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was investigated by means of the corrosion-cast preparation method and scanning electron microscopy. Two main arteries (aa. epiphyseales) supply the pineal parenchyma. They emerge from the aa. cerebri anteriores and run in the fissure between the prosencephalon and the mesencephalon. After entering the pineal stalk, the aa. epiphyseales branch off into several arterioles, most of which extend to the pineal end-vesicle where they give rise to a lobular, bilaterally symmetric capillary network. Capillaries establishing the main portion of the pineal vessels appear widened in comparison to those supplying other portions of the brain and resemble capillaries in other endocrine organs. In Salmo gairdneri, no specialized system of portal vessels appears to exist between the pineal organ and other portions of the brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-5604
    Keywords: Key words Osteogenesis imperfecta ; Mineral ; Composition ; FTIR ; 31P-NMR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 31P solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to determine if any structural or compositional differences in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) bone mineral could be detected that might help to explain the bone fragility observed in this disease. A previous study by Cassella et al. used an electron probe X-ray microanalytical technique to compare the calcium to phosphorus (Ca/P) molar ratios in normal bone and bone from patients with OI. It was demonstrated that bone from OI patients had a lower Ca/P molar ratio. This study demonstrated that OI bone mineral had a general hydroxyapatite structure and that isomorphous substitutions in the carbanoapatite lattice could account for the low Ca/P molar ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 223 (1982), S. 231-234 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pancreas (cat) ; Islet of Langerhans ; Vascularization ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pathways of microcirculation in the pancreas of the cat were investigated by scanning electron microscopy of Mercox preparations of the vascular bed. A portal system from islet to exocrine vessels as well as a direct arterial flow to the exocrine pancreas have been observed. Sphincters appear to exist in portal capillaries at the border between the endocrine and exocrine portions of the pancreas. Islets possess an independent venous drainage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 299 (1959), S. 322-327 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Es werden die Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen über die Komplexbildung zwischen CuCl und HCl bzw. KCl in Lösung und im Bodenkörper mitgeteilt. Zur Konzentrationsbestimmung der Komponenten im Bodenkörper wird eine indirekte Methode benutzt. Im System CuCl—HCl liegen in Lösung die Komplexe H2CuCl3 und H3CuCl4 vor, analoge Komplexe finden sich in Lösung im System CuCl—KCl, während im Bodenkörper KCuCl2 und K2CuCl2 vorliegen.
    Notes: Investigations have been carried out to determine the complex ion formation between cuprous chloride and hydrochloric acid and cuprous chloride and potassium chloride in the aqueous and solid phase. An indirect method to determine the concentration of the components in the solid phase was employed due to the highly oxidisable nature of cuprous ions. Rectangular curves were drawn. In the case of hydrochloric acid, complexes like H2CuCl3 and H3CuCl4 are formed in the liquid phase while H2CuCl3; H3CuCl4 are formed in the solid phase. For potassium chloride, complexes like K3CuCl4 and K2CuCl3 were found to exist in the aqueous phase and KCuCl2 and K2CuCl3 were obtained in the solid phase. The amount of cuprous chloride going into solution with increasing amount of KCl was found to be lesser for HCl under identical conditions.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Konduktometrische und potentiometrische Untersuchung der Komplexbildung von HCl bzw. KCl mit CuCl in Lösung.
    Notes: The formation of complexes of HCl and KCl with CuCl in solution has been studied by measurements of the conductivity and the electromotoric force.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 337 (1965), S. 6-13 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde die thermische Zersetzung von 16 Übergangsmetall-Pyridinkomplexsalzen der allgemeinen Formeln M(py)4X2 und M(py)2X2 mit Hilfe von TG- und DTA-Messungen untersucht (M und X siehe „Summary“) und gefunden, daß hierbei hauptsächlich eine Pyridinabgabe erfolgt. Übergänge von (py)4- zu (py)2- und von (py)2- zu (py)1-Komplexen wurden beobachtet.
    Notes: The thermal dissociation of 16 pyridine complexes of the general formulas, M(py)4X2 and M(py)2X2, where M is Cu, Ni, Mn, Cd, Zn, and Co and X is SCN, Cl, Br, I and ½ C2O4, was studied by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. The thermal transitions involved were mainly the depyridination reaction to lower pyridine content complexes. Such reactions as tetrakis(pyridine) → bis(pyridine) → mono(pyridine) complexes were observed. The depyridination reactions for the complexes were discussed in detail.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 379 (1970), S. 68-71 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: SiBr4, gelöst in abs. Äther, reagiert bei -60°C mit einer Lösung von KNH2 in flüssigem Ammoniak zu K2Si3(NH)7 und K2Si2(NH)5; die versuchte Darstellung von K4Si(NH)4 mit überschüssigem KNH2 gelang nicht. Unter den gleichen Bedingungen setzt sich SiJ4 nur zu 20% um; bei Raumtemperatur entsteht K2Si(NH)3. Die drei dargestellten, amorphen Imidosilicate werden durch Luftfeuchtigkeit zu Oxosilicaten zersetzt.
    Notes: SiBr4 in absolute ether reacts with KNH2 in liquid ammonia at -60°C to give K2Si3(NH)7 and K2Si2(NH)5; attempts to prepare K4Si(NH)4 by using excess KNH2 were without success. The reaction of SiI4 in absolute ether with KNH2 in liquid ammonia is incomplete at -60°C even after 48 hours, about 80% SiI4 remains unreacted. This reaction when carried out at room temperature gave K2Si(NH)3. All the three imidosilicates are amorphous and decompose in presence of traces of moisture to give corresponding oxosilicates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 361 (1968), S. 1-14 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: According to cation and anion exchange measurements, nitrilotriacetic acid (H3NTE) reacts with AmIII, CmIII and CfIII to form very stable chelates of the types MIIINTE and [MIII(NTE)2]3+. Substituted, H3NTE in which propionic acid substitutes for one acetic acid group forms less stable chelates of these types, and also the hydrogen chelate MeHL+. Only such hydrogen chelates are formed by the analogous butyric and valeric NTE derivatives.The first and second stability constants of the chelates from the three actinides(III) and H3NTE and the propionic-NTE, respectively, have been determined, and also the constants of the actinide hydrogen chelates. There is a higher stability for the actinides than for the corresponding lanthanides. H3NTE may be used for cation exchange elution of AmIII and CmIII, the effective separation factor being 1.46.
    Notes: Nitrilotriessigsäure (H3NTE) bildet mit dreiwertigem Americium, Curium und Californium sehr beständige Chelate des Typs MeNTE und [Me(NTE)2]3-. Die Existenz der 1:2-Verbindungen konnte sowohl aus Kationenaustauschmessungen mathematisch abgeleitet als auch durch Absorptionsversuche mit einem Anionenaustauscher experimentell bewiesen werden.Derivate der Nitrilotriessigsäure, in denen eine der Azetat-Kohlenstoffketten um eine CH2-Gruppe verlängert ist, bilden weniger stabile Chelate, weiterhin tritt als neuer Typ das Hydrogenchelat MeHL+ auf. Kettenverlängerung um zwei oder drei CH2-Gruppen verhindert die Bildung normaler Chelate ganz, man beobachtet nur noch die Hydrogenchelate. Die erste und zweite Stabilitätskonstante der Chelate zwischen den drei Actiniden(III)-Ionen und Nitrilotriessigsäure bzw. ihrem um eine CH2-Gruppe verlängerten Derivat und die Hydrogenchelatkonstanten des Americiums wurden mittels einer Datenverarbeitungs-maschine berechnet. Der Vergleich mit den Lanthaniden zeigt eine größere Stabilität der Actiniden gleicher Stellung in der f-Serie. Nitrilotriessigsäure ist zur Kationenaustauschelution von Americium und Curium geeignet, der praktische Trennfaktor beträgt 1,46.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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