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  • Computertomographie  (2)
  • Magnification radiography  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging of bone tumors: evaluation of direct magnification radiography (1996)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 25 (1996), S. 441-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Bone neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Magnification radiography ; Bones ; radiography ; Radiography ; comparative studies ; Radiography ; technology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To evaluate the potentials of magnification radiography as compared with conventional radiography in diagnosing bone tumors. Design and patients. Sixty-two patients with primary bone tumors and tumorlike lesions underwent radiography with both conventional (non-magnified) and magnification (fivefold) techniques. All radiographs were analyzed by four radiologists and the findings correlated with the histopathology findings. The microfocal X-ray unit used for magnification radiography had a focal spot size of 20–130 μm. Digital luminescence radiography was employed with magnification, while normal film-screen systems were used with conventional radiography. Results. The diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions as well as the individual tumor diagnosis were determined with higher accuracy using magnification compared with conventional radiography (88% vs 75% and 71% vs 52%, p〈0.01). Margins of destruction, periosteal reactions and matrix patterns were evaluated with higher certainty by all of the radiologists (p〈0.01). Conclusion. Magnification radiography may improve the evaluation and diagnosis of bone tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050112
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia. Clinical features, pathology and imaging findings (1996)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 36 (1996), S. 560-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Bronchiolitis obliterans mit organisierender Pneumonie ; BOOP ; Thoraxübersichtsaufnahme ; Computertomographie ; Key words Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP) ; Chest radiography ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a clinicopathological syndrome of unknown etiology. Histopathologically, it is characterized by plugs of fibroplastic connective tissue within respiratory bronchioles, mononuclear cell infiltrates in parenchyma adjacent to the affected bronchioles and foam cells within alveolar airspaces. The disease usually presents as a subacute illness with complete resolution. A subset of BOOP, however, is associated with a fulminant course and a high lethality due to respiratory failure. Early diagnosis and therapy are mandatory. Chest radiography, computed tomography (CT), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and open lung biopsy are the primary diagnostic techniques. Radiographically, BOOP is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation that are usually bilateral, peripheral and often migratory. In some cases small, round opacities may be observed as the only abnormality. CT can show the pattern of ground glass opacities, areas of airspace consolidation and small, round opacities, while considerable fibrotic change is usually not seen. A reticular roentgenographic pattern, fibrotic changes mainly in subpleural location at CT, lack of lymphocytosis in BAL fluid and histological features of usual interstitial pneumonitis and BOOP in biopsy specimens are all considered risk factors for a fatal outcome.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Bronchiolitis obliterans mit organisierender Pneumonie (BOOP) ist eine klinisch-pathologisch definierte Lungenerkrankung oft ungeklärter Ätiologie, histologisch gekennzeichnet durch proliferierendes Granulationsgewebe in den respiratorischen Bronchiolen sowie interstitielle mononukleäre Zellinfiltrate und Schaumzellen in den Alveolen. Meist nimmt sie einen blanden Verlauf und hat eine günstige Prognose. Doch auch fulminante Verläufe mit letalem Ausgang sind beschrieben. Eine frühzeitige Diagnosestellung und Therapieeinleitung bestimmen wesentlich den Behandlungserfolg. Eckpfeiler der Diagnostik sind Übersichtsaufnahme und Computertomographie des Thorax, bronchoalveoläre Lavage (BAL) und Lungenbiopsie. Die Thoraxübersichtsaufnahme zeigt typischerweise bipulmonale, periphere, kleinfleckig-konfluierende Verschattungen, oft mit einer Migrationstendenz. Computertomographisch finden sich kleinfleckige, milchglasartige oder konsolidierende Verschattungen jeweils allein oder in Kombination, ohne daß wesentliche fibrotische Veränderungen nachweisbar sind. Ein retikuläres Verschattungsmuster in der Thoraxübersichtsaufnahme, subpleurale Fibroseherde in der CT, fehlende Lymphozytose in der BAL und der histologische Nachweis einer intraluminalen und interstitiellen Entzündungskomponente mit unterschiedlichen Fibrosestadien im Sinne einer kryptogenen fibrosierenden Alveolitis gelten als prädiktive Faktoren für einen ungünstigen Verlauf der BOOP. Bei antibiotikarefraktären Infiltraten sollte an die Verdachtsdiagnose einer BOOP gedacht werden und gegebenenfalls eine histologische Untersuchung erfolgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050111
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracture healing: direct magnification versus conventional radiography (1994)
    Springer
    European radiology 4 (1994), S. 341-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Fracture healing ; Magnification radiography ; Roentgen technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of magnification radiography in diagnosing fracture healing and assessing its complications. Seventy-three patients with fractures or who had undergone osteotomy were radiographed with both conventional (non-magnified) and magnification (5-fold) techniques. Since 10 patients were radiographed twice and 1 three times, 83 radiographs using each technique were obtained. All radiographs were analysed and the findings correlated with the patients' follow-up studies. The microfocal X-ray unit used for magnification radiography had a focal spot size of 20–130 μm. As an imaging system, digital luminescence radiography was employed with magnification, while normal film-screen systems were used with conventional radiography. Manification radiography proved superior to conventional radiography in 47% of cases: endosteal and periosteal callus formations were sen earlier and better in 26 cases, and osseous union could be evaluated with greater certainty in 33 cases. In 49% of cases magnification radiography was equal and in 4% inferior to conventional radiography. Additionally an “inter-observer analysis” was carried out. Anatomical and pathological structures were classified into one of four grades. Results were significantly (P 〈 0.01) better using magnification radiography. We conclude that the magnification technique is a good method for monitoring fracture healing in its early stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00599068
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bildgebende Diagnostik bei Bronchiektasen Stellenwert von CT und HRCT (1996)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 36 (1996), S. 550-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Bronchiektasen ; Thoraxübersichtsaufnahme ; Bronchographie ; Computertomographie ; HRCT ; Key words Bronchiectasis ; Chest radiography ; Bronchography ; Computed tomography ; HRCT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Various diseases can cause bronchiectasis as a result of inflammatory bronchial wall damage. The diagnosis is based on imaging techniques, which are also required to assess the extent and localization of dilated bronchi and possible causes. Chest radiography only occasionally allows the diagnosis of bronchiectasis (Fig. 2) and is usually not a sufficient basis for therapeutic decisions (Fig. 1 a), but it is important for follow-up studies. Bronchography (Fig. 1 b) was considered the diagnostic procedure of choice in suspected bronchiectasis for decades. Being an invasive procedure, it has recently been almost completely replaced by computed tomography (CT), which can also demonstrate associated pulmonary abnormalities (Fig. 6) in addition to visualizing the bronchi. CT diagnosis of bronchiectasis is based on the demonstration of bronchial dilatation relative to the adjacent pulmonary artery (Figs. 4, 5, 7–9), lack of bronchial tapering (Figs. 3, 4, 10) and visualization of bronchi in the lung periphery (Figs. 3, 5, 8, 10). In suspected bronchiectasis high-resolution scans should be obtained during inspiration. Contiguous, thicker slices or scans taken during expiration may be required in particular cases.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bronchiektasen entstehen im Rahmen unterschiedlicher Erkrankungen durch inflammatorische Schädigung der Bronchialwand. Sie werden im wesentlichen mittels bildgebender Verfahren diagnostiziert, die auch erforderlich sind, um Ausmaß, Lokalisation, mögliche Ursachen und Begleitveränderungen darzustellen. Die Thoraxübersichtsaufnahme erlaubt nur in wenigen Fällen eine eindeutige Diagnose und reicht in der Regel zur Therapieplanung nicht aus. In der Verlaufskontrolle von Komplikationen besitzt sie dagegen einen hohen Stellenwert. Die Bronchographie galt über Jahrzehnte als Verfahren der Wahl in der Bronchiektasendiagnostik, wurde aber wegen ihrer Invasivität in den letzten Jahren durch die Computertomographie weitgehend ersetzt. Diese kann neben der bronchialen Dilatation auch assoziierte Veränderungen des Lungenparenchyms darstellen. Die computertomographische Diagnose von Bronchiektasen beruht auf dem Nachweis einer fehlenden Verjüngung des Bronchus sowie seiner Dilatation im Vergleich mit der begleitenden Pulmonalarterie. Auch der Nachweis von Bronchien in der Lungenperipherie gilt als wichtiges Kriterium. Die Untersuchung sollte mit hochauflösenden Schichten in Inspiration erfolgen; dickere Schichten sowie Exspirationsaufnahmen können unter bestimmten Umständen nützlich sein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050110
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