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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diabetes as a risk factor for stroke. A population perspective (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1061-1068 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; cerebrovascular disorders ; case fatality ; stroke mortality ; stroke incidence ; epidemiology ; WHO MONICA ; population attributable risk ; Sweden
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Stroke incidence, case fatality and mortality in diabetic patients were compared to non-diabetic subjects in a 35–74-year-old population in northern Sweden (target population 241,000). During an 8-year period, 1,544 stroke events in diabetic patients and 4,826 events in non-diabetic subjects were recorded. The crude incidence of stroke was 1,000 per 100,000 in the diabetic men vs 247 in the non-diabetic men (relative risk 4.1; 95% confidence interval 3.2–5.2). Among diabetic women, the crude incidence was 757 per 100,000 and 152 in non-diabetic women (relative risk 5.8; 95% confidence interval 3.7–6.9). The 28-day case fatality among men was similar in the diabetic and non-diabetic stroke patients (18.6 vs 17.1%; p=0.311), but significantly higher in diabetic women compared with non-diabetic women (22.2 vs 17.9%; p=0.02). When compared with the non-diabetic population, the overall mortality from stroke in the diabetic population (first and recurrent) was 4.4-times higher in male and 5.1-times higher in the female patients. Hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure or myocardial infarction were all significantly more common in diabetic than in non-diabetic stroke patients. The population attributable risk, a crude estimate of all strokes ascribed to diabetes mellitus, was 18% in men and 22% in women. In Sweden, about 50 strokes are annually directly attributed to diabetes in a population of 100,000 in this age group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402176
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prognosis after stroke in diabetic patients. A controlled prospective study (1990)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 33 (1990), S. 244-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; cerebrovascular disorders ; mortality ; recurrent stroke ; myocardial infarction ; causes of death
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cohorts of diabetic (n=121) and non-diabetic (n=584) patients were prospectively followed for up to ten years after having suffered from a stroke. All but six of the diabetic patients had Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. The diabetic patients had more risk factors associated with stroke: heart failure (p〈0.001) and angina pectoris (p〈0.001), than the non-diabetic patients. Neither body mass index nor blood pressure levels differed between the groups at admission. Haematocrit levels were higher in the diabetic group (p〈0.01). The diabetic patients were more commonly afflicted by cerebral embolism and to a lesser extent by transient ischaemic attacks than the nondiabetic patients. When calculated by log-rank tests, the diabetic group had an increased risk of death (p〈0.001), recurrent stroke (p=0.001), and of myocardial infarction (p=0.001) after the initial stroke. Autopsy-verified causes of death between the groups did not differ significantly, although half of all deaths during the period one to six months after stroke were caused by pulmonary embolism in the diabetic group. Thus, diabetes increases the risk of death after a stroke, and it also increases among stroke survivors the risk of recurrent stroke and myocardial infarction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404803
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diabetes as a risk factor for stroke. A population perspective (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1061-1068 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Diabetes mellitus ; cerebrovascular disorders ; case fatality ; stroke mortality ; stroke incidence ; epidemiology ; WHO MONICA ; population attributable risk ; Sweden.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Stroke incidence, case fatality and mortality in diabetic patients were compared to non-diabetic subjects in a 35–74-year-old population in northern Sweden (target population 241,000). During an 8-year period, 1,544 stroke events in diabetic patients and 4,826 events in non-diabetic subjects were recorded. The crude incidence of stroke was 1,000 per 100,000 in the diabetic men vs 247 in the non-diabetic men (relative risk 4.1; 95 % confidence interval 3.2–5.2). Among diabetic women, the crude incidence was 757 per 100,000 and 152 in non-diabetic women (relative risk 5.8; 95 % confidence interval 3.7–6.9). The 28-day case fatality among men was similar in the diabetic and non-diabetic stroke patients (18.6 vs 17.1 %; p = 0.311), but significantly higher in diabetic women compared with non-diabetic women (22.2 vs 17.9 %; p = 0.02). When compared with the non-diabetic population, the overall mortality from stroke in the diabetic population (first and recurrent) was 4.4-times higher in male and 5.1-times higher in the female patients. Hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure or myocardial infarction were all significantly more common in diabetic than in non-diabetic stroke patients. The population attributable risk, a crude estimate of all strokes ascribed to diabetes mellitus, was 18 % in men and 22 % in women. In Sweden, about 50 strokes are annually directly attributed to diabetes in a population of 100,000 in this age group. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 1061–1068]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402176
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma cortisol is often decreased in patients treated in an intensive care unit (2000)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 26 (2000), S. 545-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Intensive care ; Sepsis ; Surgery ; Corticosteroid ; Adrenal hypofunction ; Cortisol ; Trauma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To investigate the prevalence of adrenal hypofunction, as assessed by plasma cortisol (p-cortisol) and its relationship to clinical events. Design: Prospective, consecutive. Setting: General intensive care unit in a university hospital. Patients: Fifty-five patients (34 men and 21 women) were studied (surgery 40 patients, hemodialysis 5, ventilator treatment 45, sepsis 21). Methods: Morning basal levels of p-cortisol were determined. Previous reports define adrenal insufficiency to be present if p-cortisol under stressful conditions is lower than either 400 or 500 nmol/l. The tetracosactoid test (250 μg Synacthen) was performed in 16 patients and urinary 24-h excretion of cortisol in 24 (none on corticosteroid treatment). Results: Median p-cortisol was 550 nmol/l (range 20–1764). In 36 % of patients p-cortisol was lower than 400 nmol/l and in 47 % lower than 500 nmol/l. There was a significantly increased probability (P 〈 0.05) of p-cortisol being below 400 nmol/l in patients admitted due to trauma or cerebral disorder and in patients on ventilator therapy or on mannitol. Thirty minutes after tetracosactoid administration p-cortisol response was lower than 200 nmol/l in 56 % of the patients. Conclusions: Several patients had low p-cortisol and attenuated responses to tetracosactoid, indicative of adrenal insufficiency. There seem to be certain risk factors for adrenal hypofunction which may justify more frequent use of physiological doses of corticosteroid in selected patients
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340051202
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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