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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hemorrhage in pituitary adenoma: correlation of MR imaging with operative findings (1998)
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 971-976 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Pituitary adenoma ; MR imaging ; Hemorrhage ; Cyst
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to correlate MR imaging and operative findings of hemorrhage in pituitary macroadenomas. We retrospectively reviewed MR images of 113 surgically proven pituitary adenomas. All patients were examined on a 1.5-T MR system. The intensity of intratumoral cystic cavities was correlated with operative findings. In 15 patients with pituitary apoplexy, we determined relationship between interval of MR examination after apoplectic event and MR signal intensity. In 8 patients with repeated preoperative MR examination, we evaluated sequential changes of intratumoral hemorrhage. There were 54 cavities at surgery: 52 were hemorrhagic and 2 were nonhemorrhagic. Twenty-nine of 52 hemorrhagic cysts demonstrated high/low signal (H/L) fluid–fluid levels on T2-weighted image (T2WI). In 19 of them, two components could be separately seen at operation: the supernatant high-intensity area represented xanthochromic fluid, and the dependent low-intensity area represented liquefied hematoma. The H/L fluid–fluid level was observed predominantly in hematomas on MR images obtained after longer intervals. In patients with repeated MR examination, follow-up MR imaging revealed additional hemorrhage or new formation of fluid–fluid levels. It was surprising that 12 of 14 cysts preoperatively judged as nonhemorrhagic in fact contained hemorrhagic components. The preoperative MR images are well correlated to the operative findings in hemorrhagic pituitary macroadenomas. It proved that 52 of 54 cystic cavities had hemorrhagic component.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050498
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined effects of ozone and cigarette smoke on airway responsiveness and vascular permeability in guinea pigs (1992)
    Springer
    Lung 170 (1992), S. 311-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Keywords: Guinea pig ; Ozone ; Cigarette smoke ; Airway hyper-responsiveness ; Vascular permeability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of combined exposure to ozone and cigarette smoke on airway responsiveness and tracheal vascular permeability, compared with those of single exposure were examined in guinea pigs. Airway responsiveness was assessed by measuring the specific airway resistance (sRaw) as a function of increasing concentration of inhaled methacholine aerosol immediately, 5 hr, and 24 hr after exposure. In a parallel study, tracheal vascular permeability was quantified by measuring the tracheal extravasation of intravenously administered Evans blue dye. Neither exposure to 1 ppm ozone for 30 min nor 5 puffs of cigarette smoke increased airway responsiveness or vascular permeability at any time after exposure. Combined exposure to 1 ppm ozone for 30 min and 5 puffs of cigarette smoke caused airway hyperresponsiveness and increased vascular permeability immediately after exposure. Exposure to 1 ppm ozone for 90 min increased both airway responsiveness and vascular permeability immediately after exposure. Exposure to 10 puffs of cigarette smoke increased airway responsiveness but not vascular permeability immediately after exposure. Combined exposure to 1 ppm ozone for 90 min and 10 puffs of cigarette smoke increased both airway responsiveness and vascular permeability immediately after exposure. The combined exposure to ozone and cigarette smoke thus increased both airway responsiveness and tracheal vascular permeability to a greater extent than did exposure to a single agent, suggesting that a combination of air pollutants has a more deleterious effect both on airway responsiveness and on tracheal vascular permeability than does either agent alone in guinea pigs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00177577
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of superoxide anions in airway hyperresponsiveness induced by cigarette smoke in conscious guinea pigs (1996)
    Springer
    Lung 174 (1996), S. 279-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Keywords: Guinea pig ; Cigarette smoke ; Airway hyperresponsiveness ; Superoxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the involvement of superoxide in airway hyperresponsiveness and bronchoconstriction induced by cigarette smoke (CS), we evaluated the effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a scavenger of superoxide anion, and apocynin, an inhibitor of superoxide anion-generating NADPH oxidase in phagocytes, on the airway responses induced by CS in conscious guinea pigs. Airway responsiveness was assessed by PC2OOMch, the concentration required to produce a doubling in the baseline specific airway resistance (sRaw) to an inhaled methacholine aerosol, in nonanesthetized spontaneously breathing animals. Before being exposed to ten puffs of CS, animals inhaled either SOD (5,000 units/ml or 25,000 units/ml) or vehicle. Although SOD did not affect PC2OOMch, in the air control group, this agent significantly reduced the CS-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. Repeated administration of apocynin (12 mg/kg for 4 days) did not affect PC2OOMch, after exposure to CS. These data suggest that the superoxide from CS was involved in the airway hyperresponsiveness induced by CS, whereas phagocytic reactive oxygen species were not. The data also suggest a potential therapeutic role for antioxidants in airway hyperresponsiveness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176187
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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