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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of protein phosphorylation in regulation of brainL-glutamate decarboxylase activity (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 1 (1994), S. 237-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: γ-Aminobutyric acid ; L-glutamate decarboxylase ; Protein phosphorylation ; Neurotransmitter synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the brain, the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level is primarily controlled by the activity of its synthesizing enzyme,L-glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). At present, mechanisms responsible for regulation of GAD activity remain largely unknown. Here we report that GAD activity is inhibited by conditions favoring protein phosphorylation, and this inhibition can be reversed by phosphatase treatment. Furthermore, this inhibition appears to result from the suppression of a Ca2+-dependent phosphatase. Phosphorylation of GAD is demonstrated by direct incorporation of32P into the GAD protein. These results suggest that GAD activity in the brain is inhibited by phosphorylation and activated by dephosphorylation. A model for regulation of GABA synthesis related to neuronal excitation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253308
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model of sterile vesicoureteric reflux in the sheep (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 12 (1998), S. 190-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words: Vesicoureteric reflux ; Sheep ; Distal kidney tubules ; Cystometry ; Cystourethrogram
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Eighteen Coopworth ewe lambs were divided into three groups based on the initial cystourethrogram and cystometry findings at 5 – 7 weeks of age: group 1, 6 lambs with spontaneous low-pressure bilateral vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) on bladder filling were used to study the natural history of reflux; group 2, 5 lambs with no VUR detected were used to establish an experimental model of bilateral VUR using an unroofing surgical procedure; group 3, 7 lambs with spontaneous VUR detected during micturition had the same surgical procedure to increase the degree of VUR. All three animal groups were followed for 4 – 10 months. Spontaneous VUR was demonstrated in 13 of 18 lambs (25/36 ureters). The presence and severity of spontaneously occurring reflux in group 1 lambs diminished with increasing age. VUR was created successfully in group 2 and increased in degree in group 3 animals. The only significant histological finding in all three animal groups with grades II and III VUR was distal renal tubular dilatation. The sheep is a useful and readily available animal for studying VUR. During 4 – 10 months of follow-up, sterile reflux without bladder outflow obstruction resulted in distal renal tubular dilatation, but no renal parenchymal damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050435
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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