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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (2)
  • Sucrose  (2)
  • De novo methylation  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA hypomethylation and differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Gene 74 (1988), S. 139-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: 3-deaza-adenosine ; 5-methylcytosine ; De novo methylation ; cycloheximide ; hexamethylene bisacetamide, dexamethazone ; transient hypomethylation
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-1119(88)90270-3
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Naloxone effects on sucrose-motivated behavior (1996)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 126 (1996), S. 110-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Motivation ; Naloxone ; Opioids ; Sucrose ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The opioid system plays an important role in feeding. In general, opioid agonists typically increase feeding and opioid antagonists decrease feeding in nonfood restricted animals. In food restricted animals the effects of these drugs are substantially reduced. Opioid antagonists have shown a marked effectiveness at reducing consumption of sweet foods. Explanations for this robust effect have typically focused on drug induced changes in taste, taste perception, or palatability. The current study relates the effects of the opioid antagonist naloxone on motivation to obtain different sucrose concentrations to the drug's effects on unrestricted sucrose solution consumption. Changes in motivation to respond were assessed under a progressive ratio reinforcement schedule (PR) which required increased response cost for each successive unit of sucrose solution. Motivation, as measured by the PR, increased as sucrose concentration increased and naloxone produced a dose-dependent decrease in motivation to respond for a given sucrose concentration. Thus, the effectiveness of naloxone was indirectly related to strength of the sucrose concentration. Under unrestricted access to sucrose solutions, naloxone reduced consumption greatest under the higher concentrations. The data suggest at least part of naloxone's effects on sweet tasting food may be mediated through endogenous opioid reward systems that are reflected in measures of motivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02246345
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Naloxone administration following operant training of sucrose/water discrimination in the rat (1997)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 129 (1997), S. 289-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Discrimination ; Naloxone ; Opioids ; Taste ; Sucrose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The suppression of food intake observed following naloxone administration has often been ascribed to palatability or taste. Unfortunately, many confounds become apparent when attempts are made to isolate such factors in the investigation of ingestive behaviors. In the present study, rats (two groups) were trained to discriminate either a 10% or 5% sucrose solution from water (0.1 ml). These mildly food deprived subjects (95% of free-feeding weight) were trained to press the appropriate lever in a two-lever operant chamber following sampling of sucrose or water; successful responding was reinforced by delivery of a 45 mg grain food pellet. Following random exposure to reduced sucrose concentrations tested under extinction, a sucrose concentration gradient (1.0, 0.5, 0.1, 0.05, 0.01 and 0.005% sucrose solution) was established for both training groups under IP saline administration. Data collected under IP saline were then compared to those collected following random IP naloxone administration (3.0, 1.0, 0.3 and 0.1 mg/kg). No significant differences were observed between the sucrose concentration gradients obtained under saline and those obtained under naloxone, suggesting that the anorectic effect of naloxone is not primarily determined by discrimination of sweet taste.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050193
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cells transformed by a wide variety of agents express higher abundance levels of some cellular RNA species (1982)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 19 (1982), S. 259-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: cytoplasmic RNA ; messenger RNA ; 3T3 cells ; C3HEF ; SV40 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A cDNA-cloned library was prepared from mRNA synthesized by SV40-transformed mouse cells. Eleven cDNA clones were selected based on their ability to hybridize higher levels of mRNA in SV40-transformed 3T3 cells than in 3T3 cells. These cDNA clones were employed to screen the steady-state levels of cytoplasmic RNAs in a wide variety of viral (SV40, polyoma, adenovirus, and Rous sarcoma virus) and nonviral (methylcholanthrene, embryonal carcinoma) transformed cell lines. Two of the cDNA clones - A17 and 104 - detected greater than 40-100-fold higher levels of mRNA in all the transformed cell lines tested when compared to nontransformed cells (3T3, C3HEF). The levels of mRNA complementary to these two cDNAs were regulated in a temperature-sensitive fashion (87-100-fold) in both SV40tsA- and RSV ts-src-transformed murine cell lines. These two cDNA clones detected greater than 100-fold, higher levels of complementary RNA derived from SV40 tumor tissue than in normal mouse liver. RNA species complementary to cDNA clones A17 or 104 were not detected in either actively growing nontransformed cells or in serum-stimulated 3T3 cells. The abundance levels of mRNAs detected by these two cDNA clones appear to be regulated 100-fold or greater by the transformed state, independent of the transforming agent. The higher levels of these RNA species detected in transformed mouse cells appear not to be solely regulated by the state of growth of nontransformed cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240190307
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The characterization of SV40-transformed cell lines derived from mouse teratocarcinoma: Growth properties and differentiated characteristicsA portion of this work was presented at the Conference on “Regulation of Gene Expression in Development and Neoplasia” which was published in Cancer Research, 36, 4217-4223, 1976. (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 93 (1977), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mouse teratocarcinoma cells derived from embryoid bodies of 129SVsl mice were cultured in vitro to permit their differentiation. These cells were then infected with simiam virus 40 (SV40) and 31 cloned cell lines (SVTER) were derived from these cultures. All 31 SVTER cell lines contained the SV40 tumor (T) antigen and grew as permanent lines in culture. Mock-infected embryoid body cultures did not give rise to permanent cell lines. The morphology of each SVTER cell line was distinct and did not change during successive subclonings.The growth properties and tumorigenic potential of all 31 SVTER cell lines were investigated. None of these lines produced tumors in 129SVsl mice. Each cell line was tested for its ability to (1) grow in medium containing 1% serum, (2) plate on a cell monolayer, and (3) form clones in methocel suspension. Only three of the SVTER cell lines were transformed with respect to all three of these criteria. Most of these cell lines were minimal transformation.The SVTER cell lines were tested for creatine phosphokinase (CPK), an enzyme activity characteristic of mouse brain and muscle tissue, and the protease, plasminogen activator (PA) which is found in embryoid bodies and several differentiated cell types. Some of the SVTER cell lines contained high levels of CPK, while others had high levels of PA and a third group of cells contained neither enzyme activity. No SVTER cell line was found with high levels of both these enzyme activities. This result suggests that mutually exclusive sets of genes are expressed in these cells as might be expected from the distinct tissue distribution of the two enzyme activities studied. These SVTER cell lines may be useful in reconstructing developmental pathways of differentiating teratomas in vitro.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040930212
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