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  • Dehydrin LEA D11 Multigene family Barley Freezing tolerance  (1)
  • LEA  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) dehydrin multigene family: sequences, allele types, chromosome assignments, and expression characteristics of 11 Dhn genes of cv Dicktoo (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 1234-1247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Dehydrin ; Multigene family ; LEA ; COR ; RAB ; Barley ; Triticeae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Dehydrins (LEA D11 proteins) have been identified in both higher and lower plants, and are associated with tolerance to, or response to the onset of, low temperature or dehydration. Several studies have suggested that specific alleles of Dhn genes may contribute to a number of phenotypic traits, including the emergence of seedlings in cool or saline soils and the frost tolerance of more-mature plants. However, an incomplete collection of the Dhn multigene family in any system and nucleic acid cross-hybridization between Dhn gene-family members have limited the precision of these studies. We attempted to overcome these impediments by determining the nucleotide sequences of the entire Dhn multigene family in barley and by developing gene-specific probes. We identified 11 unique Dicktoo Dhn genes. Seven appear to be alleles of Dhn genes identified previously in other barley cultivars. Another, Dhn9, appears to be orthologous to a Triticum durum Dhn gene. A statistical analysis of the total collection of genomic clones brings the estimated size of the barley Dhn gene family to 13. Allelic differences in the protein-coding regions appear to result principally from duplications of entire Φ-segments or single amino-acid substitutions, suggesting that polypeptide structural constraints have been a strong force in the evolution of Dhn alleles. Chromosome mapping by PCR with wheat-barley addition lines established the presence of Dhn genes in four barley chromosomes (3H, 4H, 5H, 6H). RT-PCR demonstrated that the Dhn genes are differentially regulated under dehydration, low temperature and ABA treatment, consistent with putative regulatory elements located upstream of the respective Dhn coding regions. This whole-genome, gene-specific study unifies what previously seemed to be disparate-mapping, expression, and genetic-variation data for Dhn genes in the Triticeae and other plant systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051189
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the barley dehydrin multigene family and the development of freezing tolerance (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 264 (2000), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Dehydrin LEA D11 Multigene family Barley Freezing tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Dehydrins (DHNs; LEA D11) are one of the typical families of plant proteins that accumulate in response to dehydration, low temperature, osmotic stress or treatment with abscisic acid (ABA), or during seed maturation. We previously found that three genes encoding low-molecular-weight DHNs (Dhn1, Dhn2 and Dhn9) map within a 15-cM region of barley chromosome 5H that overlaps a QTL for winterhardiness, while other Dhn genes encoding low- and high-molecular-weight DHNs are located on chromosomes 3H, 4H and 6H. Here we examine the expression of specific Dhn genes under conditions associated with expression of the winterhardiness phenotype. Plants grown at 4°C or in the field in Riverside, California developed similar, modest levels of freezing tolerance, coinciding with little low-MW Dhn gene activity. Dicktoo (the more tolerant cultivar) and Morex (the less tolerant) grown in Saskatoon, Canada had higher levels of expression of genes for low-MW DHNs than did the same cultivars in Riverside, with expression being higher in Dicktoo than Morex. Dehydration or freeze-thaw also evoked expression of genes for low MW DHNs, suggesting that the dehydration component of freeze-thaw in the field induces expression of genes encoding low-MW DHNs. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the major chilling-induced DHNs help to prime plant cells for acclimation to more intense cold, which then involves adaptation to dehydration during freeze-thaw cycling. A role for chromosome 5H-encoded DHNs in acclimation to more intense cold seems possible, even though it is not the basis of the major heritable variation in winterhardiness within the Dicktoo × Morex population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380000299
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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