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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fungal communities associated with the decomposition of a common leaf litter (Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus) along an elevational transect in the Central Himalaya (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 245-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Litter decomposition ; Fungal communities ; Quercus leucotrichophora litter ; Diversity ; Central Himalayan forests ; Substrate quality ; Deuteromycetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary We studied the fungal communities associated with decomposing common leaf litter (Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus) placed in five forests of Central Himalaya between the elevations of 330 and 2150 m. During the initial period of decay, conciding with the rainy season, a progressive increase in fungal counts and species diversity was observed in all forest sites. The sal forest site had a greater weight loss and supported the largest fungal densities, whereas the pine forest had a lower weight loss and the smallest fungal densities. Deuteromycetes were the dominant group in all the forest sites. Most of the species isolated during the annual cycle of the forest sites were of the “accidental type”. Species diversity and fungal counts on the common leaf litter were markedly affected by the environmental changes brought about by the native leaf litter. This effect was most obvious in the chir pine forest site where the leaf litter of the native dominant species was distinctly more resistant to decay than those of the other sites, making the soil environment of the site markedly different from that of other sites. The pattern of fungal-species changes with progressive decay of the substrate was similar to that suggested by the tolerance model of Connel and Slatyer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336234
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Certain phenological characters of the shrub layer of Kumaun Himalayan forests (1985)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 63 (1985), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Flowering ; Fruiting ; Leafdrop ; Leaf flushing ; Kumaun Himalayan forest ; Phenology ; Shrub layer phenology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The phenology of 49 shrub species in five forest types occurring along an altitudinal gradient (350–2150 m) in Kumaun Himalaya has been studied. The evergreen leaf-exchanging taxa accounted for nearly half of the species, the remaining half was nearly equally divided between an evergreen continual leaf drop type and deciduous taxa. The percentage of species with lengthy leaf drop increased with elevation and finally leveled off. At each site the maximum leaf drop period coincided with the warm dry period. Percentage of species with multiple leaf flushing was low for all forests. The degree of extended leafing decreased with increasing elevation along which summer dryness also decreased. Earliest leaf initiation was observed for evergreen continual leaf drop species, followed by evergreen leaf-exchanging, and deciduous types. For each forest, two peaks of flowering activity occurred, one during the warm dry period and the other in the warm wet period. The percentage of species with multiple flowering increased with increasing elevation. Nearly half of the species bore fleshy fruits. The mature fruit retention period for different forests ranged from about 2–3 months. The proportion of deciduous species was similar in trees and shrubs; leaf drop was common during the summer season for trees, while it was common during the winter season for shrubs; the proportion of species with multiple leafings was greater and leaf initiation earlier in shrubs than trees; and generally shrubs showed two flowering peaks and trees only one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00044061
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epiphytic succession on tree trunks in a mixed oak-cedar forest, Kumaun Himalaya (1985)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 63 (1985), S. 105-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Bryophyte ; Diversity ; Epiphytic succession ; Evolutionary strategy ; Kumaun Himalaya
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The epiphytes present at about breast height on trunks of different size were studied for three major tree species in a seasonally wet forest at 2050 m altitude in the Kumaun Himalaya: Cedrus deodora, Quercus floribunda and Q. leucotrichophora. The total biomass and species number per unit trunk area, were found to increase with trunk size. It was supposed that the results indicated a succession in the type of epiphytic cover from young trunks to older trunks. The amount of loose material (plant remains and ‘soil’) per unit area of trunk increased with increasing girth. The C:N ratio in this material was initially very high on the oaks (129–197) and declined with increasing trunk size (to 73–78); the ratio was constant across girth classes in the cedar (86–87). Bryophytes produced most biomass on most trunks; next to them were lichens on the smallest trunks, and flowering plants on the largest. The number of species of epiphytes was similar on all three host species. The results are discussed in relation to contemporary ideas on diversity and ‘strategies’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00044060
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenological characteristics of the tree layer of Kumaun Himalayan forests (1985)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 60 (1985), S. 91-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Flowering ; Forest ; Fruiting ; Kumaun Himalaya ; Leafdrop ; Leaf flushing ; Phenology ; Phenological activity level ; Treelayer phenology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The phenology of tree components of natural forests occurring between 350 and 2150 m in Kumaun Himalaya is descibed. All forests had more evergreen than deciduous taxa. The degree of evergreenness increased with increasing elevation and decreasing summer dryness. For most species (including all dominants) concentrated leafdrop and simultaneous leafing occurred during the warm-dry period of the year. About half of the species showed multiple leafing. All species had a sharp flowering peak in April. Wet-season flowering was rare. Most of the species flowered synchronously. In the sal- (Shorea robusta) and pine (Pinus roxburghii) forests a single peak of fruit maturation occurred in summer, while in other forests there also was a secondary peak in autumn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040351
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