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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of withdrawal from chronic exposure to cigarette smoke on hypothalamic and preoptic catecholamine nerve terminal systems and on the secretion of pituitary hormones in the male rat (1989)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 339 (1989), S. 387-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Nicotine ; Cigarette smoke ; Withdrawal ; Hypothalamus ; Noradrenaline ; Dopamine ; Amine turnover ; Adenohypophyseal hormones ; Vasopressin ; Corticosterone ; Testosterone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 48 h but not a 72 h or 7 day withdrawal from chronic exposure to cigarette smoke was associated with increased noradrenaline levels (quantitative histofluorimetry) in the subependymal layer (SEL) of the median eminence, the anterior periventricular hypothalamic region (PV I) and the parvocellular part of the hypothalamic nucleus (PA FP) and an increased noradrenaline utilization (tyrosine hydroxylase inhibition by αMT) in the SEL and the PV I. Following a 48 h or 72 h but not a 7 day withdrawal from chronic exposure to cigarette smoke an increased catecholamine utilization was found in the medial palisade zone (MPZ) of the median eminence. Reduced serum prolactin, FSH and corticosterone levels were found following a 48 h withdrawal from chronic exposure to cigarette smoke. Following a 72 h withdrawal from chronic exposure to cigarette smoke a reduced concentration of serum prolactin was noted. Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke reduced serum TSH levels and lead to a tolerance development with regard to noradrenaline levels and utilization within the preoptic region with the exception of the periventricular preoptic region. The finding of special interest in the present study is the demonstration of a highly significant lowering of corticosterone serum levels despite maintained blood levels of ACTH as seen 48 h following withdrawal. It is suggested that this type of endocrine change may lead to changes in fear-motivated behaviour and contribute to behavioural withdrawal reactions. The maintained reductions of serum prolactin levels found after 48 h and 72 h of withdrawal from cigarette smoke exposure (cf. Andersson et al. 1985a) is discussed in terms of an increased catecholamine utilization in the medial palisade zone of the median eminance. This activation is suggested to be caused by the development of a prolactin receptor supersensitivity within the medium eminence. The present evidence indicates withdrawal effects mainly in the noradrenaline nerve terminals of the sub-ependymal layer of the median eminence, the anterior periventricular hypothalamic region and the parvocellular part of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus which inter alia are involved in regulation of ACTH secretion (cf. Andersson et al. 1985a).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00736052
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of cholecystokinin receptors in the control of striatal dopamine autoreceptors (1990)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 342 (1990), S. 300-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cholecystokinin-8 ; Dopamine ; Apomorphine ; Proglumide ; Microdialysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The interaction of locally perfused cholecystokinin-8 (sulphated) with systemically administered apomorphine was studied on the release of dopamine and its metabolites using microdialysis in the neostriatum of the halothane-anaesthetized male rat. Dialysate levels of dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid were assayed by high performance liquid chromatography in combination with electrochemical detection. Perfusion with cholecystokinin-8 (100 μM but not 1 μM or 10 nM) increased the dialysate levels of dopamine without affecting those of DOPAC or HVA. At low concentrations (1 μM and 10 nM but not 1 nM), cholecystokinin-8 counteracted the inhibitory effect of apomorphine (0.05 mg/kg, s. c.) on dopamine release. This counteraction was antagonized by perfusion with the cholecystokinin-8 antagonist proglumide (3 μM). At this concentration, proglumide perfused alone was without effect on basal or apomorphine-reduced levels of dopamine. The results indicate a facilitatory effect of cholecystokinin-8 on dopamine release in rat neostriatum only at high concentrations. At lower concentrations, cholecystokinin-8 appears to modulate dopamine release by an inhibitory effect on dopamine autoreceptors possibly involving an intramembrane interaction between presynaptic cholecystokinin-8 receptors and dopamine autoreceptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00169441
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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