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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (4,486)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 19 (1983), S. 725-737 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: We have assessed the accuracy of a commercially available computer software package for finite element method calculations of magnetostatic fields. The computer program, MSC/NASTRAN,Available from the MacNeal-Schwendler Corporation, Los Angeles, CA 90041, U.S.A. is well known for its wide applicability in structural analysis and heat transfer problems. We exploit the fact that the differential equations of magnetostatics are identical to those for heat transfer if the magnetic field problem is formulated with the reduced scalar potential.1 Consequently, the powerful, optimized numerical routines of NASTRAN can immediately be applied to two- and three-dimensional linear magneto-statics problems. Application of the NASTRAN reduced scalar potential approach to a ‘worst case’ two-dimensional problem for which an analytic solution is available has yielded much better accuracy than was recently reported2 for a reduced scalar potential calculation using a different finite element program. Furthermore, our method exhibits completely satisfactory performance with regard to computational expense and accuracy for a linear electromagnet with an air gap. Our analysis opens the way for large three-dimensional magnetostatics calculations at far greater economy than is possible with the more commonly used vector potential and boundary integral methods.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 428 (1977), S. 91-96 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the RbNiCrF6 Type. IV. New Fluorides of the Type CsPdMF6 (M = Al, Ga, Sc, In, Fe, Rh, Mo)New prepared are the cubic compounds CsPdScF6 (brown violet, a = 10.82 Å); CsPdInF6 (brown violet, a = 10.89); CsPdFeF6 (redbrown, a = 10.64 Å); CsPdRhF6 (redbrown, a = 10.65 Å), all of RbNiCrF6-Type of structure. In addition prepared are CsPdAlF6 (light violet, non cubic) CsPdGaF6 (violet, non cubic) and CaPdMoF5 (redbrown, non cubic). The Madelung part of lattice energy, MAPLE, is calculated and discussed.
    Notes: Neu dargestellt wurden die kubischen Verbindungen CsPdScF6 (a = 10,82 Å); CsPdInF6 (a = 10,89 Å), beide braunviolett; CsPdFeF6 (a = 10,64 Å); CsPdRhF6 (a = 10,65 Å), beide rotbraun, alle RbNiCrF6-Typ, sowie die nichtkubischen Varianten CsPdAlF6 (hellviolett), CsPdGaF6 (violett) und CsPdMoF6 (rotbraun). Der Madelunganteil der Gitterenergie, MAPLE, wird berechnet und diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 428 (1977), S. 97-102 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the RbNiCrF6 Type. V. New Fluorides of the Type CsBMF6 with B = MnII or NiII and M = Ga, Fe, Rh or Sc, In, Tl, RhNew prepared are the cubic compounds CsNiScF6 (light yellow, a = 10.60 Å); CsNiInF6 (lightyellow, a = 10.64 Å); CsNiTlF6 (light yellow, a = 10.60 Å); CsNiRhF6 (light redbrown, a = 10.37 Å); CsMnGaF6 (pink, a = 10.42 Å); CsMnFeF6 (light green, a = 10.55 Å) and CsMnRhF6 (redbrown, a = 10.58 Å), all RbNiCrF6 type of structure. The Madelung part of lattice energy, MAPLE, is calculated and discussed.
    Notes: Neu dargestellt wurden die kubischen Verbindungen CsNiScF6 (a = 10,60 Å); CsNiInF6 (a = 10,64 Å); CsNiTlF6 (alle hellgelb, a = 10,60 Å); CsNiRhF6 (hellrotbraun, a = 10,37 Å); CsMnGaF6 [2] (zartrosa, a = 10,42 Å); CsMnFeF6 [2] (hellgrün, a = 10,55 Å) und CsMnRhF6 (rotbraun, a = 10,58 Å), alle RbNiCrF6-Typ. Der Madelunganteil der Gitterenergie, MAPLE, wird berechnet und diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 428 (1977), S. 83-90 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the RbNiCrF6 Type. III. New Fluorides of the Type CsZnMF6 (M = Al, Ga, In, Tl, Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Cu, Rh)Cubic compounds are CsZnGaF6 [3] (colourless, a = 10.29 Å); CsZnInF6 (colourless, a = 10.58 Å); CsZnTlF6 (colourless, a = 10.62 Å); CsZnScF6 (colourless, a = 10.58 Å); CsZnTiF6 (lightblue, a = 10.50 Å); CsZnVF6 (lightgreen, a = 10.43 Å); CsZnMnF6 (redbrown, a = 10.40 Å); CsZnCuF6 (light brown, a = 10.24 Å); CsZnRhF6 (redbrown, a = 10.41 Å), all RbNiCrF6 type of structure, in addition non cubic: CsZnAlF6 (colourless).The Madelung part of lattice energy, MAPLE, is calculated and discussed.
    Notes: Kubisch kristallisieren CsZnGaF6 [3] (farblos, a = 10,29 Å); CsZnInF6 (farblos, a = 10,58 Å); CsZnTlF6 (farblos, a = 10,62 Å), CsZnScF6 (farblos, a = 10,58 Å); CsZnTiF6 (hellblau, a = 10,50 Å); CsZnVF6 [3] (hellgrau, a = 10,43 Å); CsZnMnF6 (rotbraun, a = 10,40 Å); CsZnCuF6 (ocker, a = 10,24 Å); CsZnRhF6 (rotbraun, a = 10,41 Å), alle RbNiCrF6-Typ; jedoch nicht kubisch: CsZnAlF6 (farblos). Der Madelunganteil der Gitterenergie, MAPLE, wird berechnet und diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 15 (1980), S. 911-923 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A quadratic method is presented for solving the eigenvalue problem of a structural system having a large number of degrees-of-freedom. The eigenproblem is reduced to a smaller problem by condensing the system stiffness and mass using Guyan reduction. Application of a set of corrective displacements to the reduced system subsequently leads to an eigenproblem of quadratic form involving an additional mass term. To obtain the solution to the reduced problem, inverse iteration with spectrum shifts based on the eigenvalues of the Guyan problem is used. The resulting eigenvalues and mode shapes represent a corrected Guyan approximation to the solution of the unreduced system. In addition, it is shown that the amount of improvement over the Guyan solution can be approximated by employing a first-order error analysis procedure. Numerical examples of vibrations of a bar, a beam and a plate demonstrate that the solutions obtained from the quadratic reduction procedure are very accurate and require relatively little additional computational effort in comparison with the solutions of the corresponding linear eigen-problem. The relationship of the present method to that proposed by Przemieniecki is illustrated by an example.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 20 (1984), S. 15-24 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The present paper attempts to evaluate the fracture mechanics parameters, the stress intensity factor (K) and Rice's energy integral (J) in plane strain conditions for three-point bend specimens. Both the parameters have been evaluated by the FEM using higher order isoparametric elements (i.e. quadratic elements). The crack tip elastic singularity (1/√r) has been taken into account by the use of the special crack tip elements of degenerate triangular element type as well as the fine eight-noded isoparametric plane elements. The stress distribution has been compared with the Westergaard solution in the vicinity of the crack. The K and J values have also been-compared with the theoretical results.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 593-597 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Theoretical error bounds of the form are often available for finite element solutions U of elliptic problems. In this form the estimates give the order of convergence of the method but are of little practical value for estimating the size of the error because the magnitudes of the constant K and the theoretical solution u are unknown. An exception occurs in the case of the equation ∂2u/∂x2 + ∂2u/∂y2 + f = 0 in a rectangle where the Ritz-Galerkin finite element solution involves piecewise linears over a regular triangular grid. In this case where α = 1 and Barnhill and Gregory1 have obtained the theoretical value 0·93√2 for K. In this note calculations are carried out for a variety of problems and the quantity K* = ∥u - U∥E/h∥f∥L2 measured and compared with K. The values of K* obtained fit into a well defined pattern from which we conclude that the theoretical constant K is of the correct order of magnitude.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 568 (1989), S. 136-146 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Rubidium Lithium Zincates: RbLiZnO2 and RbLiZn2O3For the first time colourless single crystals of RbLiZnO2 (A) and RbLiZn2O3 (B) have been prepared. Both crystallize tetragonally, A: space group I4/mmm, Z = 2, a = 351.84(4), c = 1153.3(2) pm; B: space group P42/mnm, Z = 4, a = 1 033.8(1), c = 342.8(1) pm. The crystal structures have been determined from four circle diffractometer data (MoKα; A: 155 hkl, R = 7.9%, Rw = 7.6%; B: 384 hkl, R = 7.0%, Rw = 4.6%). RbLiZnO2 has the BaZn2P2 type of structure while RbLiZn2O3 exhibits a new structure type with linear chains of face shared cubes ∞1[O4/2RbO4/2RbO4/2] as characteristic feature. For both oxides the Madelung part of lattice energy (MAPLE), and effective coordination numbers (ECoN) are calculated.
    Notes: Neu dargestellt wurden die Oxide RbLiZnO2 (A) und RbLiZn2O3 (B) in Form farbloser Einkristalle durch Tempern entsprechender Gemenge der binären Oxide. Beide Zincate kristallisieren tetragonal, A: Raumgr. I4/mmm, Z = 2, a = 351,84(4), c = 1153,3(2) pm; B: Raumgr. P42/mnm, Z = 4, a = 1 033,8(1), c = 342,8(1) pm. Die Kristallstrukturen wurden aus Vierkreisdiffraktometerdaten (MoKα) bestimmt (A: 155 hkl, R = 7,9%, Rw = 7,6%; B: 384 hkl, R = 7,0%, Rw = 4,6%). RbLiZnO2 kristallisiert im BaZn2P2-Strukturtyp, RbLiZn2O3 zeigt eine neue Struktur mit charakteristischen Würfel-Doppelketten ∞1[O4/2RbO4/2RbO4/2]. Der Madelunganteil der Gitterenergie (MAPLE) sowie effektive Koordinationszahlen (ECoN) wurden jeweils berechnet.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 554 (1987), S. 34-42 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A New Oxouranate(VI): K2Li4[UO6]. With a Remark about Rb2Li4[UO6] and Cs2Li4[UO6]For the first time K2Li4UO6 has been prepared by an exchange reaction of α-Li6UO6 with K2O [K:U = 2.0:1, sealed au-tube; 750°C; 30 d single crystals; 680°C, 10 d powder]. The irregular shaped single crystals, which are of yellow color and sensitive to moisture crystallize in P3m1 (Z = 1) with a = 619.27(5), c = 533.76(6) pm. The structure determination (PW 1100, AgKα R = 4.80%, Rw = 4.81% for 220 unique reflexions) reveals a new type of structure. The characteristic elements are the isolated group [UO6] and the C.N. = 12 for K+. While Li(1) has a nearly regular square of 4 O2- as coordination polyhedron, Li(2) is octahedrally surrounded.The Madelung Part of Lattice Energy (MAPLE) is calculated and discussed.In addition to K2Li4[UO6] the new oxides Rb2Li4[UO6] and Cs2Li4[UO6] are prepared as pale yellow powders which are little sensitive to moisture (both: au-tube, 680°C, 10 d). According to powder datas both compounds are isotypic with K2Li4[UO6] [Rb2Li4[UO6]: a = 622.91(5), c = 535.93(6) pm; Cs2Li4[UO6]: a = 626.70(6), c = 539.92(6) pm].
    Notes: K2Li4UO6 wurde erstmals dargestellt durch Austauschreaktion von α-Li6UO6 mit K2O [K: U = 2,0:1, Au-Rohr; Einkristalle 750°C, 30 d; Pulver 680°C, 10 d]. Die unregelmäßigen, gegen Luftfeuchtigkeit empfindlichen gelben Einkristalle kristallisieren in P3)m1 (Z = 1) mit a = 619,27(5), c = 533,76(6) pm. Nach der Strukturaufklärng (PW 1100, AgKα, R = 4,80%, Rw = 4,81% für 220 I0(hkl) liegt ein neuer Strukturtyp vor, für den neben der isolierten Gruppe [UO6] die C.N. = 12 für K+ charakteristisch ist. Vier O2- koordinieren Li(1) planar, sechs O2- Li(2) oktaedrisch.Der Madelunganteil der Gitterenergie, MAPLE wird berechnet und diskutiert.Analog konnten erstmals Rb2Li4UO6 und Cs2Li4UO6 als blaßgelbe, wenig feuchtigkeitsempfindliche Pulver dargestellt werden (jeweils Au-Rohr, 680°C, 10 d). Nach Pulverdaten sind beide mit K2Li4UO6 isotyp [Rb2Li4UO6: a = 622,91(5), c = 535,93(6) pm; Cs2Li4UO6: a = 626,70(6), c = 539,92(6) pm].
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 18 (1994), S. 821-842 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Free-surface ; Interphase mass transfer ; Finite element two-phase flow ; Coating ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The application of the finite element method to multiphase flow problems with interphase mass and heat transfer is described. A general forinulation is used that determines the position of the interfacial boundary and allows for multiple solvents, differential volatilities and concentration- and temperature-dependent thermophysical properties. Species phase change and the dramatic volume change that acompanies interphase mass transfer make implementation of the theory challening, since these events lead to discontinuous velocities and concentrations at phase boundaries. These discontinuities are especially large in processes involving rapid evaporation or condensation. As examples we examine the effects of rapid drying on film and fibre formation of sol--gel materials, which are often laden with volatile species.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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