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  • X-ray solution scattering  (3)
  • rice  (3)
  • Erythrina senegalensis  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epoxyisoflavones from Erythrina senegalensis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 35 (1994), S. 1573-1577 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: Erythrina senegalensis ; Leguminosae ; acetylation and epoxidation reactions. ; auriculatin ; erysenegalenseins F and G ; stem bark ; warangalone
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031-9422(00)86896-X
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two isoflavones from Erythrina senegalensis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 35 (1993), S. 245-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: 6,8-diprenylgenistein. ; 8-prenyl-luteone ; Erythrina senegalensis ; Leguminosae ; erysenegalenseins D and E ; stem bark
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031-9422(00)90543-0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of chromatin and its condensation mechanism (1987)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 15 (1987), S. 133-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: X-ray solution scattering ; synchrotron radiation ; chicken erythrocyte chromatin ; rat liver chromatin ; micrococcal nuclease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the structure of chicken erythrocyte chromatin fibres at low ionic strength resulting from enzymatic digestion, thermal denaturation and binding of Netropsin and Distamycin were monitored by synchrotron X-ray solution scattering. Digestion with micrococcal nuclease confirms the previous assignment of the 0.05 nm-1 band to an interference between nucleosomes with an average distance of 23 nm. The results of thermal denaturation indicate that above 40°C there is a progressive increase of the internucleosomal distance and that above 60°C the characteristic structure of the chromatin fibre is destroyed. Binding of Netropsin and Distamycin also results in an increase of the internucleosomal distance which can be estimated to correspond to about 0.2 nm/mol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263677
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of chromatin and its condensation mechanism (1988)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 16 (1988), S. 177-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: X-ray solution scattering ; synchrotron radiation ; sea urchin chromatin ; solubility ; condensation ; electric dichroism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Comparison between the internucleosomal distance found by X-ray solution scattering for chicken erythrocyte (23 nm) and sea urchin (30 nm) chromatin indicates that this distance is proportional to the linker length. The diameter of the condensed sea urchin chromatin fibers is about 45 nm which is significantly larger than in chicken erythrocyte chromatin (35 nm). Trivalent cations (Gd, Tb, Cr) and the polyamines spermine and spermidine were found to induce compaction at much lower concentrations than the divalent cations but Gd, Tb and Cr induce aggregation before full compaction of the fibers. The influence of hydrogen bonding is illustrated by comparison of the effects of NaCl, ammonium chloride and alkylammonium chlorides on condensation. Solubility experiments indicate that there is a nearly linear dependence of the Mg-- concentration at which precipitation occures on chromatin concentration and confirm the differences between cations observed by X-ray scattering. The chicken erythrocyte chromatin samples were further characterized by their reduced electric dichroism. The values found are consistent with the model derived from X-ray scattering and are compared with those reported in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261903
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of chromatin and its condensation mechanism (1989)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 17 (1989), S. 245-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: X-ray solution scattering ; synchrotron radiation ; electric dichroism ; chicken erythrocyte chromatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Electric dichroism and X-ray scattering measurements on solutions of uncondensed and condensed chicken erythrocyte chromatin were interpreted on the basis of model calculations. Information about the state of uncondensed fibers in the conditions of electric dichroism measurements was obtained from scattering patterns recorded as a function of pH, in the presence of spermine and at very low monovalent cation concentrations. Electric dichroism measurements on a complex of uncondensed chromatin with methylene blue were made to determine the contribution of the linker and of the nucleosomes to the total dichroism. A new approach to calculate the dichroism from realistic structural models, which also yields other structural parameters (radius of gyration, radius of gyration of the cross-section, mass per unit length) was used. Only a restricted range of structures is simultaneously compatible with all experimental results. Further, it is shown that previous interpretations of dichroism measurements on chromatin were in contradiction with X-ray scattering data and failed to take into account the distribution of orientation of the nucleosomes in the fibers. When this is done, it is found that the linker DNA in chicken erythrocyte and sea urchin chromatin must run nearly perpendicularly to the fibre axis. Taken together with the dependence of the fibre diameter on the linker length, these results provede the strongest evidence hitherto available for a model in which the linker crosses the central part of the fibre.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00254282
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of, and selection for, factors affecting quantitative resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae in rice (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 53 (1991), S. 235-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae ; bacterial blight ; quantitative resistance ; polygenic resistance ; transgressive segregation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Four cultivars moderately resistant to Philippine isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae races 2, 3, 5 and 6 and highly resistant to race 1 were crossed with two susceptible cultivars and with each other. The F1 populations were as or more susceptible than the least resistant parent cultivar when assessed for lesion length (cm) by clip-inoculating booting plants with two race 2 and one race 6 isolates of X.c. oryzae. The F2 populations showed continuous distributions when assessed with the race 6 isolate PX099, although populations from crosses between moderately resistant cultivars were positively skewed. Mean broad-sense heritability in the F2 was 0.50. Selection for varying levels of resistance was carried out in the F2 and F3 generations. F3 lines selected from the F2 population modes had variances and ranges equal to those selected from the F2 population extremes and larger than the variances of the parent cultivars. Line selection in the F3 generation was more effective than plant selection in the F3 and in the F2. Realized h2 was 0.39 for line selection in the F3 but only 0.24 for plant selection. A number of lines more resistant than both parents were recovered in crosses between moderately resistant cultivars. Lines more susceptible than both parents were also recovered in crosses between moderately resistant cultivars, but few of these lines were as susceptible as the susceptible cultivars. This indicates that the moderately resistant cultivars had some resistance factor(s) in common. All test cultivars, including the susceptible cultivars, carry few to several factors for quantitative resistance. A model based on nine minor resistance factors is proposed to explain the pattern of transgression found in crosses between the six cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023275
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of quantitative resistance of rice cultivars to Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae: a comparison of inoculation methods (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 54 (1991), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae ; bacterial blight ; rice ; Oryza sativa ; clip inoculation ; spray inoculation ; quantitative resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Lesion size and lesion number were measured on cultivars of rice inoculated by clipping or spraying with virulent isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae. Mean percentage diseased leaf area (%DLA) gave a similar ranking for the two inoculation methods but differences in lesion size among cultivars were much more evident after clip than after spray inoculation. Correlation between the methods was high (r=0.82**), but some cultivars responded differently with the two techniques. Cultivars which had low scores following spray inoculation showed low disease progress during the first nine weeks after transplanting into a screen-house experiment. Assessment after clip inoculation measures resistance due to spread of bacteria within the leaf xylem system, an important component of quantitative resistance. Assessment after spray inoculation measures all resistance, including resistance to entrance of bacteria into the leaf. In order to select rice entries with improved quantitative resistance to X. c. oryzae based on both components, a screening based on lesion length after clip inoculation, followed by a test for lesion number after spray inoculation, is advised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039604
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residual effects of the Xa-4 resistance gene in three rice cultivars when exposed to a virulent isolate of Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 55 (1991), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; rice ; Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae ; bacterial blight ; ghost gene ; quantitative resistance ; residual resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary F2 plants of five, and F3 plants of three, crosses between genotypes carrying the race-specific resistance gene Xa-4 and genotypes not carrying this gene were inoculated with two isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae. Half the tillers of each plant received isolate PX061, avirulent on the Xa-4 gene, the other half of the tillers received isolate PX099, virulent for the Xa-4 gene. The F2 and F3 populations segregated for a single dominant resistance gene, Xa-4. The parental, F2 and F3 genotypes not carrying Xa-4 had mean lesion lengths between 28 and 29 cm for both isolates. The Xa-4 carrying parents showed a mean lesion length of 2.7 cm with the avirulent isolate and of 12.4 cm with the virulent isolate. The Xa-4 carrying F2 and F3 genotypes had mean lesion lengths of 5.2 and 20.1 cm for the two isolates, respectively. These observations strongly indicate that the Xa-4 gene, carried by the rice genotypes studied (IR28, Cisadane and BR51-282-8), had a considerable residual effect when exposed to virulent isolate PXO99.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025232
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