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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The architecture of 5S rRNA and its relation to function (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 6 (1975), S. 61-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: 5S ribosomal RNA ; Translation ; Evolution ; Molecular Architecture ; Conformational Changes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An extensive comparative analysis of the available primary sequence data on 5S rRNA has been made. A universal secondary structure is presented for procaryotic 5S rRNA which contains four helical regions. Eucaryotic 5S rRNAs are found to have only three of these helices and thus have a somewhat different architecture. In addition, a highly conserved segment of more than thirty nucleotides is identified in the 5′ half of the procaryotic molecule. This segment includes the oligonucleotide-CGAAC- which presumably binds to the t-RNA “common” sequence-GTΨCG-. Among the eucaryotes, the plants display a procaryotic nature in this region, but no eucaryote has the sequence -CGAAC- in this segment. A functional role for the procaryotic 5S rRNA molecule is discussed in which it is envisioned to undergo conformational change, i.e., coiling and uncoiling of one of the helices, which can result in a cyclic interaction of the 5S rRNA molecule with two t-RNA molecules. A general principle also emerges: the natural rotational motion inherent in coiling and uncoiling of nucleic acid helices can be converted quite simply to linear mechanical motion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732674
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence characterization of 5S ribosomal RNA from eight gram positive procaryotes (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 8 (1976), S. 143-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: 5S rRNA ; Comparative Analysis ; Secondary Structure ; Evolution ; Tuned Helix
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The available comparative data on procaryotic 5S rRNA was extended through sequencing studies of eight gram positive procaryotes. Complete nucleotide sequences were presented for 5S rRNA fromBacillus subtilis, B. firmus, B.pasteurii, B.brevis, Lactobacillus brevis andStreptococcus faecalis. In addition, 5S rRNA oligonucleotide catalogs and partial sequence data were provided forB.cereus andSporosarcina ureae. These sequences and catalogs were discussed in terms of known features of procaryotic 5S rRNA architecture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01739100
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comment on methanogenic bacteria and the primitive ecology (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 9 (1977), S. 369-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Methanogenic bacteria ; Primitive atmosphere ; Evolution ; Ecology ; Methane-carbon dioxide cycle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The phenotype and antiquity of methanogenic bacteria suggest them to have been one of the major factors determining a dynamic balance between CO2 and CH4 in the primitive atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796101
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endosymbionts and mitochondrial origins (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 10 (1977), S. 93-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Evolution ; Endosymbiosis ; Mitochondrion ; Photosynthetic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The possibility is put forth that the mitochondrion did not originate from an endosymbiosis, 1–2 billion years ago, involving an aerobic bacterium. Rather, it arose by endosymbiosis in a much early, anaerobic period, and was initially a photosynthetic organelle, analogous to the modern chloroplast. This suggestion arises from a reconsideration of the nature of endosymbiosis. It ex-plains the remarkable diversity in mitochondrial information storage and processing systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01751802
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nucleotide sequence of the 5S ribosomal RNA from a photobacterium (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 5 (1975), S. 35-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Photobacter Strain 8265 ; 5S Ribosomal RNA ; Primary Structure ; Comparative Characterization ; Evolution ; Energetically Constrained Helix
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Comparative sequencing studies provide powerful insights into molecular function and evolution. The sequence for 5S ribosomal RNA from Photobacter strain 8265 is eighteen base replacements removed from that ofEscherichia coli. Of these, the vast majority involve a G or C becoming an A or U. These variations also define unequivocally a hexanucleotide base paired region, which appears to be a universal feature of the 5S RNA molecule. The base composition of this helix seems to be under rather stringent, and so unusual, energetic constraints. The possible implications of this are discussed - in particular the prospect of a 5S RNA molecule that undergoes conformational transitions as a part of the overall state changes that constitute the function of the ribosome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732012
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ancient divergence among the bacteria (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 9 (1977), S. 305-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Comparative cataloging ; Methanogenic bacteria ; Phylogeny ; 16S ribosomal RNA ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The 16S ribosomal RNAs from two species of methanogenic bacteria, the mesophileMethanobacterium ruminantium and the thermophileMethanobacterium thermoautotropbicum, have been characterized in terms of the oligonucleotides produced by digestion withT 1 ribonuclease. These two organisms are found to be sufficiently related that they can be considered members of the same genus or family. However, they bear only slight resemblance to “typical” Procaryotic genera; such asEschericbia, Bacillus andAnacystis. The divergence of the methanogeinc bacteria from other bacteria may be the most ancient phylogenetic event yet detected — antedating considerably the divergence of the blue green algal line for example, from the main bacterial line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796092
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The concept of cellular evolution (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 10 (1977), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Evolution ; Ribosomes ; Genotype-Phenotype ; Cytoplasm ; Endosymbiosis ; Procaryote ; Eucaryote ; Progenote
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A central evolutionary question is whether the eucaryotic cytoplasm represents a line of descent that is separate from the typical bacterial line. It is argued on the basis of differences between their respective translation mechanisms that the two lines do represent separate phylogenetic trees in the sense that each line of descent independently evolved to a level of organization that could be called procaryotic. The two lines of descent, nevertheless shared a common ancestor, that was far simpler than the procaryote. This primitive entity is called a progenote, to recognize the possibility that it had not yet completed evolving the link between genotype and phenotype. This concept changes considerably the view one takes toward cellular evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01796132
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are extreme halophiles actually “bacteria”? (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 11 (1978), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Halobacteria ; Archaebacteria ; Phylogeny ; 16S rRNA catalog ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Comparative cataloging of the 16S rRNA ofHalobacterium halobium indicates that the organism did not arise, as a halophilic adaptation, from some typical bacterium. Rather,H. halobium is a member of the Archaebacteria, an ancient group of organisms that are no more related to typical bacteria than they are to eucaryotes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01768019
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    16S rRNA analysis of Sporomusa, selenomonas, and Megasphaera: on the phylogenetic origin of Gram-positive Eubacteria (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 143 (1985), S. 270-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Sporomusa ; Sporomusa ovata ; Sporomusa sphaeroides ; Selenomonas ruminantium ; Megasphoera elsdenii ; Phylogeny of Gram-positive eubacteria ; Evolution ; 16S rRNA cataloguing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In order to determine the phylogenetic relationships of representatives of three Gram-negative genera, Sporomusa, Selenomonas, and Megasphaera, the 16S ribosomal RNAs were compared by oligonucleotide cataloguing. Surprisingly, Sporomusa ovata, S. sphaeroides, Selenomonas ruminantium, and Megasphaera elsdenii do not group with any of the 200 Gram-negative eubacterial species investigated so far by this method but show a distinct although remote relationship to Gram-positive eubacteria of the “Clostridium subdivision”. The presence of Gram-negative species within the radiation of the cluster defined by Gram-positive cubacteria reduces the significance the Gram-positive staining behaviour plays in taxonomic and phylogenetic studies. It furthermore supports previous findings showing the Gram-negative and phototrophic species Heliobacterium chlorum to be a member of the Clostridium-Bacillus cluster. The presence of Gram-negative endospore-containing Sporomusa species among the 16S rRNA cluster of Gram-positive endospore-forming eubacteria allow speculations about the evolutionary origin of Gram-positive eubacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411249
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A thermophilic green sulfur bacterium from New Zealand hot springs, Chlorobium tepidum sp. nov. (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 156 (1991), S. 81-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Chlorobium tepidum ; Photosynthesis ; Green sulfur bacteria ; Chlorosomes ; Bacteriochlorophyll ; Thermophily ; Hot springs ; 16S rRNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Thermophilic green sulfur bacteria of the genus Chlorobium were isolated from certain acidic high sulfide New Zealand hot springs. Cells were Gram-negative nonmotile rods of variable length and contained bacteriochlorophyll c and chlorosomes. Cultures of thermophilic chlorobia grew only under anaerobic, phototrophic conditions, either photoautotrophically or photoheterotrophically. The optimum growth temperature for the strains of thermophilic green sulfur bacteria isolated was 47–48°C with generation times of about 2 h being observed. The upper temperature limit for growth was about 52°C. Thiosulfate was a major electron donor for photoautotrophic growth while sulfide alone was only poorly used. N2 fixation was observed at 48°C and cell suspensions readily reduced acetylene to ethylene. The G+C content of DNA from strains of thermophilic chlorobia was 56.5–58.2 mol% and the organisms positioned phylogenetically within the green sulfur bacterial branch of the domain Bacteria. The new phototrophs are described as a new species of the genus Chlorobium, Chlorobium tepidum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290978
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