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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analyseprogramm zur quantitativen Erfassung chromosomaler Aberrationen mittels komparativer genomischer Hybridisierung (CGH)*** (1996)
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 17 (1996), S. 342-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Komparative genomische Hybridisierung ; CGH ; Bildanalyse ; FISH ; Key words Comparative genomic hybridization ; CGH ; Image analysis ; Tumour cytogenetics ; FISH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a molecular cytogenetic method for the detection of chromosomal imbalances between a tumor and a normal genome. In order to produce quantitative and reproducible results, we developed an image analysis program that allows the detection and mapping of the genetic alterations. The result is represented as a CGH sum karyogram in which the genetic changes are documented as color coded-chromosomes. The aim of our investigation is to correlate the genotype with the phenotype on the basis of CGH sum karyograms and thus to achieve a genetic characterization that will supplement the morphological tumor description.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die komparative genomische Hybridisierung („comparative genomic hybridization“, CGH) ist ein molekularzytogenetisches Verfahren, welches die umfassende Analyse eines Tumorgenoms auf Über- und Unterrepräsentationen von DNA-Abschnitten ermöglicht. Um quantitative und reproduzierbare Aussagen über die genetischen Aberrationen machen zu können, wurde eine Software entwickelt, welche die objektive Erfassung von Ort und Art der Veränderungen ermöglicht. Das Ergebnis wird in Form eines CGH-Summenkaryogramms dargestellt, welches die genetischen Veränderungen als farbkodierte Chromosomen dokumentiert. Ziel dieser Untersuchungen ist es, auf der Grundlage von Summen-Karyogrammen eine Korrelation zwischen Genotyp und Phänotyp herzustellen und damit eine genetische Charakterisierung von Tumoren zu erreichen, die die morphologische Beschreibung ergänzt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002920050171
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exocrine pancreas under experimental conditions (1976)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 171 (1976), S. 467-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Exocrine pancreas ; Secretion process ; Protein synthesis ; Ultrastructure ; Freeze-fracturing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary After the application of parachlorophenylalanine (pCPA), an amino acid analogue, paracrystalline inclusions are observed in the exocrine pancreas of the rat. The formation of the paracrystalline structures varies according to the dose and the time of examination. Although the first alterations can be seen in the Golgi apparatus and the condensing vacuoles, the main localization of these structures is within the cisternae of the RER. At the same time as degenerative changes occur in the cells, involving autophagic and heterophagic processes, regneration also takes place. With the freeze-fracturing method, the paracrystalline inclusions are interpreted as lamellae or plates of probably altered secretory proteins in extremely extended RER-cisternae. The fracture surfaces of the paracrystals show a periodicity of about 80 Å running diagonally to the main axis of the paracrystalline structures, which are mainly oriented from the basal parts of the exocrine pancreatic cells to the cell apices. The mechanism of paracrystalline formation is discussed on the basis of the morphologic results. It could be shown that after pCPA administration the amylase content is decreased concomittantly with degranulation. pCPA seems not to be incorporated into secretory proteins; high intracellular concentrations, however, are required to induce the formation of the paracrystalline structures. This morphological study is the basis for other studies dealing with secretion and intracellular transport in the pancreatic acinar cell under experimental conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220239
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exocrine pancreas under experimental conditions (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 177 (1977), S. 459-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Exocrine pancreas ; Isolated cells ; Cell membrane ; Tight junctions ; Gap junctions ; Ultrastructure ; Freeze-fracturing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the cell membrane and intercellular junctions was studied after isolation of exocrine pancreatic cells by tryptic digestion and mechanical treatment. The number and distribution of membrane associated particles does not change significantly when acinar cells in situ are compared to those after the isolation procedure. However, intercellular junctions undergo distinct alterations. Gap junctions in normal pancreatic cells are macular in shape and localized at the lateral parts of the cell membrane. In isolated acinar cells gap junctions are irregularly shaped, more extended, and frequently associated with tight junctions. Tight junctions form belt-like structures which are found to persist after isolation but subsequently become elongated and interrupted. Thus extensive macular areas of tight junctions develop. Further, the strands on the P-face and the grooves on the E-face of freeze-fracture replicas change in array, dissociate, and become loosely packed on large membrane areas. The present investigation shows that the intramembranous proteins of tight and gap junctions are mobile structures within the fluid membrane. The shape of their array is dependent on the form of the intercellular contact zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220607
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevention of Age-Related Aneuploidies by Polar Body Testing of Oocytes (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics 16 (1999), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7330
    Keywords: preimplantation diagnosis ; chromosome 13, 18, and 21 aneuploidies ; FISH ; first and second polar bodies ; IVF
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: We previously demonstrated that aneuploidy-free oocytes may be preselected by testing the first and second polar bodies removed from oocytes following their maturation and fertilization. The present paper describes the results of the application of the method in 659 in vitro fertilization cycles from patients of advanced maternal age. Methods: Using micromanipulation techniques, 3943 oocytes were tested by polar body sampling and fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis using specific probes for chromosomes 13, 18, and 21. Results: Fluorescent in situ hybridization results were available for 3217 (81.6%) of 3943 oocytes studied, of which 1388 (43.1%) had aneuploidies; 35.7% of the aneuploidies were of first meiotic division origin, and 26.1% of second meiotic division origin. Most errors in the first meiotic division were represented by chromatid malsegregation. The transfer of embryos deriving from 1558 of 1829 aneuploidy-free oocytes in 614 treatment cycles resulted in 131 clinical pregnancies and 88 healthy children born after confirmation of the polar body diagnosis. Conclusions: Polar body testing of oocytes provides an accurate and reliable approach for prevention of age-related aneuploidies in in vitro fertilization patients of advanced maternal age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020304621338
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