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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of possible sites of ultrafiltration in some gastropoda, with particular reference to the auricle of the freshwater prosobranch Viviparus viviparus L. (1973)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 143 (1973), S. 329-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Sites of ultrafiltration ; Gastropoda ; Podocytes ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the Gastropoda pressure-ultrafiltration of the blood is assumed to be the first step in urine formation. The most probable site of ultrafiltration is the wall of the heart. Since in other animal groups ultrafilters are characterized by a special cell type, the podocyte, the hearts of two pulmonates (Lymnaea stagnalis, Biomphalaria glabrata) and of four prosobranchs (Viviparus viviparus, Bithynia tentaculata, Ampullaria gigas, Littorina littorea) were ultrastructurally investigated, in order to establish whether or not podocytes occur in these structures. It appeared that only in the wall of the auricle of Viviparus podocytes are present. They form a layer underneath the epicardium, the epithelium covering the auricle. It is assumed that in Viviparus ultrafiltration proceeds in the auricle. The possible route of the pro-urine is discussed. The location of the ultrafilters in the other species studied remains still unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307419
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization and function of an FMRFamide-like substance in the aorta of Helix aspersa (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 246 (1986), S. 303-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: FMRFamide ; Aorta ; Bioassay ; Immunocytochemistry ; Helix aspersa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary With an antiserum (aFM) against the molluscan “cardio-active” FMRFamide (Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2) numerous immunoreactive axons were found in the outer, longitudinal, muscle layer of the anterior aorta of Helix aspersa. Immunoreactive axons were rare in the inner, circular, muscle layer. At the ultrastructural level four types of axons could be distinguished. The granules containing the immunoreactive substance (mean diameter ca. 100 nm) are present in type-2 axons. The effect of synthetic FMRF-amide was tested in vitro on preparations of ring- and tubule-shaped pieces of the anterior aorta. Physiological doses (3 × 10-7 M) provoked contractions of the circular muscle fibres, but had no effect on the longitudinal muscle cells. Apparently in vivo the FMRF-like substance diffuses from the richly innervated longitudinal muscle layer to the circular muscle layer, where it exerts its effect. This conclusion is sustained by the observation that the contents of the aFM-immunoreactive granules in type-2 axons are released by exocytosis in a “non-synaptic” fashion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215892
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistological demonstration of a substance related to neuropeptide Y and FMRFamide in the cephalic and thoracic nervous systems of the locust Locusta migratoria (1988)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 254 (1988), S. 189-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunohistology ; Insects ; FMRFamide ; Neuropeptide Y ; Neurosecretory cells ; Locusta migratoria (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A neuropeptide related to the mammalian neuropeptide Y (NPY) is present in various neurosecretory cells (NSC) of the cephalic and thoracic nervous systems of the insect Locusta migratoria. Immunoreactive perikarya are detected in the protocerebrum, tritocerebrum, optic lobes and the suboesophageal and thoracic ganglia. They give rise to many immunoreactive processes that ramify extensively throughout the neuropiles. In the brain, prominent axon bundles tightly surround the tractus I to the corpora cardiaca. This fiber pattern suggests that the NPY-like substance may have a neuromodulator and/or neurotransmitter function. This substance may also have a neurohormonal role, since some immunoreactive tracts penetrate into neurohaemal organs via the nervi corporis cardiaci II and the thoracic median nerves. NCS containing NPY-like neuropeptide also display an FMRFamide-like immunore-activity (except for the abdominal part of the metathoracic ganglion). NPY or FMRFamide antisera are not inactivated after preabsorption with FMRFamide or NPY, respectively. It might therefore be inferred that in locust NSC these two antisera recognize two distinct antigenic sites belonging either to a large polypeptide, or to two distinct neuropeptides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220033
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure and function of the labial nephridia and the rectum of Orchesella cincta (L.) (Collembola) (1979)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 198 (1979), S. 237-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Podocytes ; Ultrafiltration-reabsorption ; Orchesella cincta ; Quantitative electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The collembolan Orchesella cincta possesses a well-developed coelomoduct kidney. The presence of podocytes in the wall of the sacculus and the fact that the epithelium of the nephridial tubule has the ultrastructural characteristics of resorbing cells, indicate that this is an “ultrafiltration-reabsorption” kidney. Apparently also the rectum is lined by a reabsorptive epithelium; the cells possess an extensive system of apical and basal infoldings. This view is sustained by the fact that the stereology of the apical channel system varies in animals kept under different moisture conditions. During the intermoult period, both organs are subject to strong morphological changes, which are obviously related to the feeding rhythm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232007
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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