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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrate moieties of procine 32 kDa enamelin (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 323-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Porcine secretory enamel ; Porcine 32 kDa enamelin ; Asparagine-linked oligosaccharide ; Pyridylamination ; Sequential exoglycosidase digestion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structures of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides of porcine 32 kDa enamelin are reported. The oligosaccharides were released by N-oligosaccharide glycopeptidase digestion, and the reducing ends of the oligosaccharides were derivatized with a fluorescent reagent, 2-aminopyridine. The pyridylamino oligosaccharides were separated into eight kinds of oligosaccharides. The structures of these oligosaccharides were determined by a combination of a sequential exoglycosidase digestion and a two-dimensional suger mapping technique. The oligosaccharides consisted of fucose, galactose, mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, and N-acetylneuraminic acid, and were classified into two groups according to their core-sugar chain structures; one was a biantennary-type and the other was a triantennary-type oligosaccharide. The variation of the oligosaccharides in each of these groups was caused by the differences in the number, the site, and the mode of linkage of N-acetylneuraminic acid to the core-sugar chains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318054
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of fetal movements using multichannel ultrasound pulsed Doppler: Autorecognition of fetal movements by maximum entropy method (1993)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 31 (1993), S. S59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Displacement estimation ; Fetal behaviour ; Fetal breathing movements ; Fetal monitoring ; Maximum entropy method ; Pulsed ultrasonic Doppler ; Signal processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Changes in fetal movements indicate biophysical conditions and functional development. The precise evaluation of fetal movements in clinical medicine requires the development of a continuous automated monitoring technique. A basic study of the measurement of fetal movements was carried out by modifying the Doppler ultrasound module of a cardiotocograph to produce low-frequency Doppler signals and five simultaneous outputs at various depths. These outputs represent displacement inside tissue at the various depths. Signal processing was executed on a 32-bit computer with a high-accuracy displacement estimation technique using the arctangent method. Results showed successful tracking of minute movements, such as fetal breathing movements (FBM), while rejecting other movements derived from maternal breathing etc. Using spectral analysis by the maximum entropy method (MEM), fetal movements were classified in three groups (FBM, fetal gross movements (FGM) and fetal heart movements (FHM)), based on the character of their special peak frequencies. The order of movement recognition was first FGM, then FBM and lastly FHM. FBM were more successfully recognised by MEM than by conventional B-mode observation methods. Small body movements were difficult to recognise as FGM by MEM in some cases. Although further studies are required for clinical application, it appears that automated assessments of fetal movements should be possible with this technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02446651
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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