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  • Flood frequency analysis  (1)
  • Key words: Chlorotrifluoroethylene — GABA receptor — Voltage clamp — Chloride current —Xenopus oocyte  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Chlorotrifluoroethylene Oligomer Fatty Acids on Recombinant GABA Receptors Expressed in Xenopus Oocytes (1996)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 149 (1996), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Chlorotrifluoroethylene — GABA receptor — Voltage clamp — Chloride current —Xenopus oocyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. GABA-activated Cl− current was expressed in Xenopus oocytes after injecting cRNA that had been transcribed in vitro from complementary DNA (cDNA) coding for a single GABA ρi-subunit cloned from human retina. The expressed current was insensitive to 100 μm bicuculline, but was activated by the GABA analogue trans-4-aminocrontonic acid (TACA). Anion-selective permeability of the expressed ρ1-subunit was determined by isotonically replacing the extracellular Cl− with different anions. The anion permeability was very similar to the native GABAA receptor/channel following a sequence of SCN− 〉 I− 〉 NO3 − 〉 Br−≥ Cl−. Halogenated fatty acids, such as chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) and perfluorinated oligomer acids inhibited the GABA-induced current in oocytes expressing the human retinal GABA ρ1-subunit or rat brain GABAA receptor α1,β2,γ2 subunits. The inhibitory effect of halogenated fatty acids demonstrated a carbon chain length-dependent manner of: C10 〉 C8 〉 C6 〉 C4. Perfluorinated C8-oligomer acid (PFOA) was less effective at blocking this channel than the C8-CTFE oligomer acid. Radiolabeled GABA binding assay indicated that CTFE oligomer acids do not interfere at the GABA binding site of the receptor. Furthermore, the C8-CTFE oligomer fatty acid did not compete with picrotoxin for binding sites within the pore of the channel. These studies demonstrated that the heterologous expression system is useful for studying the molecular interaction between potential neurotoxic agents and neuroreceptors. Our results provide detailed information that should contribute to our understanding of the structure and function of retinal GABA receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002329900004
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Appraisal of regional and index flood quantile estimators (1995)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 9 (1995), S. 49-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Keywords: Flood frequency analysis ; index flood estimators ; L-moments ; GEV distribution ; regionalization ; probability weighted moments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Our results illustrate the performance of at-site and regional GEV/PWM flood quantile estimators in regions with different coefficients of variation, degrees of regional heterogeneity, record lengths, and number of sites. Analytic approximations of bias and variance are employed. For realistic GEV distributions and short records, the index-flood quantile estimator performs better than a 2-parameter GEV/PWM quantile estimator with a regional shape parameter, or a 3-parameter at-site GEV/PWM quantile estimator, in both humid and especially in arid regions, as long as the degree of regional heterogeneity is moderate. As regional heterogeneity or record lengths increases, 2-parameter estimators quickly dominate. Flood frequency models that assign probabilities larger than 2% to negative flows are unrealistic; experiments employing such distributions provide questionable results. This appraisal generally demonstrates the value of regionalizing estimators of the shape of a flood distribution, and sometimes the coefficient of variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581758
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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