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  • Flooded soil  (4)
  • Rice variety  (2)
  • nitrification inhibitors  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrification of ammonium in different components of a flooded rice soil system (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 321-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Nitrification ; Flooded rice soils ; Rhizosphere ; Rice variety ; Crop growth stage ; Organic amendment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Nitrification associated with the various components [subsurface soil from unplanted and planted (rhizosphere) fields, standing water and surface soil from planted and unplanted fields and leaf sheath suspensions] of submerged rice paddies was examined in incubation experiments with solutions inoculated with soil or water samples. Substantial nitrification occurred in all samples, standing water and surface soil samples in particular, during their 40-day incubation with NH 4 + −N. Almost all the NH 4 + −N, disappeared during incubation with standing water, was recovered as NO inf3 sup- −N. This, compared to 70–80% from all soil samples and only 29% from leaf sheath suspensions. Significant loss of nitrogen, especially from leaf sheath suspensions, is probably due to nitrification-denitrification as evidenced by its complete recovery in the presence of N-Serve. Nitrification potential of the soil and water samples varied with the crop growth stage and was more pronounced at tillering and panicle inititation stages than at other stages. Nitrification potential of samples from green-manure-amended plots was distinctly less than that of samples from control and urea-amended plots. Most probable number (MPN) estimates of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria were always higher in surface soil in both planted and unplanted plots at all stages of crop growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335961
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrification of ammonium in different components of a flooded rice soil system (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 321-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Nitrification ; Flooded rice soils ; Rhizosphere ; Rice variety ; Crop growth stage ; Organic amendment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Nitrification associated with the various components [subsurface soil from unplanted and planted (rhizosphere) fields, standing water and surface soil from planted and unplanted fields and leaf sheath suspensions] of submerged rice paddies was examined in incubation experiments with solutions inoculated with soil or water samples. Substantial nitrification occurred in all samples, standing water and surface soil samples in particular, during their 40-day incubation with NH4 +-N. Almost all the NH4 +-N, disappeared during incubation with standing water, was recovered as NO3 –-N. This, compared to 70–80% from all soil samples and only 29% from leaf sheath suspensions. Significant loss of nitrogen, especially from leaf sheath suspensions, is probably due to nitrification-denitrification as evidenced by its complete recovery in the presence of N-Serve. Nitrification potential of the soil and water samples varied with the crop growth stage and was more pronounced at tillering and panicle inititation stages than at other stages. Nitrification potential of samples from green-manure-amended plots was distinctly less than that of samples from control and urea-amended plots. Most probable number (MPN) estimates of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria were always higher in surface soil in both planted and unplanted plots at all stages of crop growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335961
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methane Emission from Rice Fields at Cuttack, India (2000)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 58 (2000), S. 95-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: organic amendment ; water management ; cultivar variation ; nitrification inhibitors ; production potential ; soil type
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Methane (CH4) emission from rice fields at Cuttack (State of Orissa, eastern India) has been recorded using an automatic measurement system (closed chamber method) from 1995–1998. Experiments were laid out to test the impact of water regime, organic amendment, inorganic amendment and rice cultivars. Organic amendments in conjunction with chemical N (urea) effected higher CH4 flux over that of chemical N alone. Application of Sesbania, Azolla and compost resulted in 132, 65 and 68 kg CH4 ha−1 in the wet season of 1996 when pure urea application resulted in 42 kg CH4 ha−1. Intermittent irrigation reduced emissions by 15% as compared to continuous flooding in the dry season of 1996. In the wet season of 1995, four cultivars were tested under rainfed conditions resulting in a range of emissions from 20 to 44 kg CH4 ha−1. Application of nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) inhibited while Nimin stimulated CH4 flux from flooded rice compared to that of urea N alone. Wide variation in CH4 production and oxidation potentials was observed in rice soils tested. Methane oxidation decreased with soil depth, fertilizer-N and nitrification inhibitors while organic amendment stimulated it. The results indicate that CH4 emission from the representative rainfed ecosystem at the experimental site averaged to 32 kg CH4 ha−1 yr−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009886317629
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistence of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers in soil planted with rice and in rice rhizosphere soil suspensions (1985)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 1 (1985), S. 103-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Hexachlorocyclohexane isomers ; Persistence ; Flooded soil ; Rice rhizosphere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The relative persistence of α-, β and γ-isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) was studied in a flooded soil with and without rice seedlings under greenhouse conditions. β-HCH was more stable than α- and γ-HCH in both planted and unplanted systems. α- and γ-HCH decreased to negligible levels (5.5% for the α-isomer and 2.4% for the γ-isomer) after 30 days in planted and unplanted soils. During the same period, 30.9% of the added β-HCH was recovered from planted soil and 50.6% from unplanted soil. Likewise, in anaerobically (H2 + CO2 atmosphere) incubated mineral salts solution inoculated with suspensions from rice rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, γ-HCH decreased to low levels (〈 15%) within 5 days. Most of the added β-HCH was recovered from mineral solution inoculated with nonrhizosphere soil suspension even after 30 days while β-HCH decreased to 53.6% of the original level in mineral solution inoculated with rice rhizosphere soil suspension. The data reveal that the degradation of anaerobically unstable HCH isomers is not retarded by the possible aeration of a flooded soil by rice roots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00255137
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accelerated aerobic degradation of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane in suspensions of flooded and non-flooded soils pretreated with hexachlorocyclohexane (1992)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 12 (1992), S. 279-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Hexachlorocyclohexane ; Accelerated degradation ; Aerobic degradation ; Flooded soil ; Non-floodes soil ; Rice rhizosphere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A commercial wettable-powder formulation (50% a. i.) of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) was applied to unplanted and planted (to rice) soils under flooded and non-flooded conditions at 1 kg a. i. ha−1 at 15-day intervals. A mineral salts medium supplemented with γ-HCH as a sole source of C was inoculated with suspensions from HCH-treated and untreated soils (unplanted or planted to rice) and incubated under aerobic conditions. γ-HCH disappeared completely within 10 days from the aerobically incubated medium inoculated with the suspension from the treated soil compared to less than 30% loss from the uninoculated medium or from the medium inoculated with the suspension from the untreated soil, during the corresponding period. Soil samples from HCH-treated flooded pots lost their capacity for accelerated degradation of γ-HCH after autoclaving. The addition of HCH clearly stimulated aerobic degradation of γ-HCH, even in predominantly anaerobic flooded soil. The factor responsible for the accelerated degradation of γ-HCH in pretreated soil was not detected in the deeper layers (〉10 cm) of flooded soil and in fields that had dried following the rice harvest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336044
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistence of carbaryl in flooded soils and its degradation by soil enrichment cultures (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 73 (1983), S. 35-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Carbaryl ; Flooded soil ; Insecticide degradation ; Microbial degradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The rate of degradation of carbaryl after one, two and three applications to three submerged soils was examined. Soils which had been pretreated with carbaryl were able to degrade the compound more rapidly than those without pretreatment. A dilution as low as 10−8 of the enrichment culture from Sukinda soil effected the degradation of carbaryl. The enrichment culture was inactivated upon autoclaving. The concentration of carbaryl decreased in the mineral medium inoculated with the enrichment cultures from the three soils, especially when it served as the sole source of both carbon and nitrogen. More important was that the enrichment cultures from carbofuran- and carbaryl-amended soils also showed the ability to degrade carbaryl and carbofuran, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02197755
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial distribution of methane-oxidizing activity in a flooded rice soil (1997)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 191 (1997), S. 241-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: flooded rice soil ; methane oxidation ; nitrogen fertilizers ; nitrification inhibitors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In a study on spatial distribution of methane oxidation in an unplanted flooded field, methane-oxidizing activity, analysed in soil samples under laboratory conditions, decreased with increasing depth (25 cm and beyond). In a flooded field planted to rice, rates of methane oxidation followed the order : rhizosphere (collected from roots at 10-20 cm depth) 〉 surface soil at (0-1 cm) 〉 subsurface soil at 10-20 cm depth, diagonally 10-15 cm away from the centre of hill. Application of ammonium sulfate and, to a lesser extent, urea to surface, rhizosphere and subsurface soil samples from flooded field planted to rice effected a distinct inhibition of methane oxidation. Nitrification inhibitors (thiourea, sodium thiosulfate and dicyandiamide) were also effective in inhibiting methane oxidation. Both surface and rhizosphere soil samples harbored higher populations of methane-oxidizing bacteria than the subsurface soil. Inhibition of methane oxidation in surface and rhizosphere soil samples concomitant with the suppression of autotrophic ammonium oxidizers by nitrification inhibitors implicates an active involvement of autotrophic ammonium oxidizers in methane oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004274302326
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrification inhibition in a flooded soil by hexachlorocyclohexane and carbofuran (1980)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 56 (1980), S. 165-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Flooded soil ; Insecticides ; Nitrification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect of a commercial granular formulation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) on nitrification in a flooded soil was studied at 10 and 100 ppm a.i. The oxidation of the added ammonium to nitrate was inhibited significantly at 10 ppm and almost completely at 100 ppm, concomitant with a proportional decrease in the, populations of ammonium- and nitrite-oxidising autotrophic bacteria. Of special interest is the synergistic increase in the inhibition of nitrification by a combined application of HCH and carbofuran.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02197965
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