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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhalation hazard test (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 61 (1988), S. 318-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Inhalation ; Hazard ; Method ; Reproducibility ; Vapors ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Six industrial laboratories validated the Inhalation Hazard Test (OECD Method 403) using eight volatile chemicals. The test gave similar results in all laboratories, despite variation in inhalation exposure systems and strain of rat used. Detailed atmosphere analyses are not necessary, since nominal atmosphere concentrations were close to the analysed values. The method gives reproducible results directly applicable to hazard evaluation, and is quicker and cheaper and uses fewer animals than the conventional LC50 test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00364856
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Inhalation Hazard Test; principle and method (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 61 (1988), S. 411-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Inhalation ; Hazard ; Method ; Generation ; Vapor ; Safety ; Classification ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The Inhalation Hazard Test (IHT) measures the hazard rather than the toxicity of volatile substances. Generation methods for saturated vapor atmospheres and exposure systems are described. The determination of the nominal concentration gives in most cases sufficient information on the concentration in the inhalation atmosphere. The temperature at which the saturation occurs and the exposure time are parameters which influence the test results. The determination of the LT0 (the exposure time at which no animals die) is used to compare substances with different inhalation hazards. A classification system is proposed to differentiate the toxic hazard of volatile substances. The IHT is an appropriate method to characterize the acute inhalation hazard of volatile substances. It requires fewer animals and is less elaborate than the LC50.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334623
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diskussion einer Kennzahl für polycyclische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe (1973)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 265 (1973), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kohlenwasserstoffen, aromatisch polycyclisch in Tabakrauch ; Fluorimetrie ; Diskussion einer Kennzahl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Verfahren beschrieben, bei dem durch Flüssig-Flüssig-Verteilung und dünnschicht-chromatographische Reinigung ein Konzentrat von polycyclischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen (PAH) aus Zigarettenrauchkondensaten hergestellt wird. Fluorescenz-Anregungs-Spektren und Fluorescenz-Emissions-Spektren dieser PAH-Konzentrate wurden gemessen. Aus den integralen Flächenwerten werden Kennzahlen errechnet, die eine summarische Aussage über den Gehalt an PAH ermöglichen. Die Kennzahlen verschiedener Zigarettensorten werden in ihrer Korrelation zu der biologischen Wirksamkeit diskutiert. Niedrige Kennzahlen lassen sich mit einer geringen, höhere mit einer stärkeren biologischen Aktivität in Beziehung setzen.
    Notes: Abstract A procedure for preparing a concentrate of PAH from cigarette smoke condensates by liquid-liquid distribution and thin-layer chromatographic cleaning is described. Fluorescence-excitation spectra and fluorescence-emission spectra of these PAH concentrates are measured. Characteristic values are worked out from surface integrals enabling a summarized information on the content of PAH. Characteristic values of different cigarette blends are discussed in its correlation to their biological activity. Low characteristic values may be related to a low biological activity and higher characteristic values may be related to a stronger biological activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00453177
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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