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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of soil solar heating for control of damping-off fungi in two forest nurseries in France (1997)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 25 (1997), S. 189-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Soil solarization ; Damping-off ; Soil infectivity ; Forest nursery ; Biological control ; Pythium ; Fusarium ; Rhizoctonia solani
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Field experiments were carried out at two different forest nurseries during the summer of 1994 to examine the efficacy of soil solarization for the control of damping-off. Both soils hosted Pythium spp., Fusarium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani as damping-off agents. Soil samples from solarized, steamed, fumigated and untreated plots were periodically collected and assayed for soil infectivity. Solarization with a double layer of polyethylene film was as effective as steaming or fumigation in reducing soil infectivity in the uppermost layer. During July the temperature of covered beds rose as high as 50°C at a soil depth of 5cm. The method achieved good control of Pythium spp., the main cause of damping-off at both nurseries, whereas Fusarium spp. were more tolerant. The association of Trichoderma spp. with a reduction of soil infectivity at the last sampling date strongly suggested that biocontrol processes were induced after solarization. Soil solarization provides a suitable method for control of damping-off.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050302
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Etude de la réceptivité de quelques sols forestiers de Bourgogne aux maladies produites parPythium ssp. agent de fonte de semis et de nécrose racinaire (1986)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 94 (1986), S. 191-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Forest soils ; Inoculum density ; Pythium ; Receptivity soil infectivity ; Soil microflora ; Stand conditions ; Suppressive soil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A standard bioassay method was used to measure soil infectivity and estimate the receptivity of ten forest soils collected in Burgundy, to disease caused byPythium spp. Several of them were more or less suppressive. These ability resulted of various processus. No single relation can be found between receptivity and ecological factors of the environment. Nevertheless the soils of the acidophilics groups were in general less conducive than the soils of the calcareous groups. The receptivity of a soil is its ability to more or less welcome a pathogen by acting on it's installation, development, survival and on the expression of its pathogenicity. The receptivity, a proper ability of the soil is influenced by previous ecological pressure, and is more or less modifiable, specially under the influence of a crop.
    Notes: Résumé La réceptivité de 10 sols forestiers, récoltés en Bourgogne, a été déterminée à l'aide d'un test biologique permettant la mesure du potentiel infectieux de sols infestés parPythium spp. Plusieurs sols manifestent une résistance plus ou moins marquée à l'encontre des maladies causées parPythium spp. Différents processus semblent à l'origine de cette aptitude. Aucune relation entre réceptivité et facteurs écologiques du milieu n'a pu être décelée. Toutefois, les sols de la série acidophile sont globalement moins réceptifs que ceux de la série calcicole. La réceptivité d'un sol est définie comme son aptitude à accueillir plus ou moins bien un agent pathogène en agissant sur son installation, son dévelopement, sa survie, et l'expression de son pouvoir pathogène. C'est une aptitude propre au sol mais empreinte des influences antérieures et plus ou moins modifiable, notamment à la suite d'une culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374343
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    La résistance des sols forestiers aux maladies provoquées parPythium spp.: Relation avec les conditions stationnelles et déterminisme (1986)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 94 (1986), S. 203-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Environmental factors ; Forest soils ; Physico-chemical caracteristics ; Pythium ; Receptivity ; Soil infectivity ; Soil microflora ; Stand conditions ; Suppressiveness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Soil suppressiveness to Pythium disease is estimated with the help of a method based on a standard biossay. Suppressiveness, not very rare in forest, cannot be associated with single environmental factors, but is closely related to stand conditions. Suppressiveness appeared as an ability resulting of complex interactions between biotic and abiotics environmental factors. Two different processes are involded in the suppressiveness of forest soils. Either the microflore play the prominent part or suppressiveness mainly related to physico-chemical characteristics of the soil. Most forest soils are suppressive in some degree to Pythium diseases. The method here employed allowed to appreciate various strength of suppressiveness.
    Notes: Résumé Une méthode basée sur un test biologique permet de déterminer la réceptivité des sols aux maldies dues àPythium spp. La résistance, un des extrèmes de la réceptivité, est assez répandue dans le domaine forestier. Elle ne peut toutefois pas être associée à un facteur simple du milieu, mais elle est étroitement liée aux conditions stationnelles. La résistance est done une aptitude résultant d'une interaction complexe entre facteurs biotiques et abiotiques du milieu. Deux phénomènes différents sont à l'origine de la résistance des sols forestiers. Le premier fait intervenir essentiellement la microflore, tandis que le second dépend principalement des caractérisques physico-chimiques du sol. Les sols forestiers sont résistants à des degrés divers aux maladies engedrées parPythium spp. La méthode utilisée autorise la distinction entre différentes intensités de la résistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374344
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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