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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (6)
  • Frozen shrimps  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of pathogenic vibrios and other bacteria in imported frozen shrimps and their decontamination by gamma-irradiation (1992)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 8 (1992), S. 494-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Frozen shrimps ; gamma-irradiation ; microflora ; pathogenic vibrio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of pathogenic vibrios and other bacteria in eight samples of imported frozen shrimps and the effect of irradiation on these bacteria were investigated. Total aerobic bacteria were at 2×104 to 4×106/g. Coliforms consisted mainly ofEnterobacter. No salmonella were detected. A total of 66 isolates, includingVibrio parahaemolyticus, V. mimicus, V. alginolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. fluvialis and a few ofListeria monocytogenes, were obtained. The gamma-radiation dose needed to reduce by 10−4 the number of vibrio isolates andAeromonas hydrophila was about 3 kGy in frozen shrimps, whereas about 3.5 kGy was required forL. monocytogenes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201947
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Durability of radiation sterilized polymers, XIVPart XIII cf.7.. The effect of nucleating agent on the melt behaviour of irradiated polypropylene (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 182 (1990), S. 187-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Gamma-Bestrahlung von Polypropylen (PP) verringert dessen Molekulargewicht; die Abnahme ist in PP mit Keimbildner (NA) größer als in PP ohne NA. Bei DSC-Messungen liegt der Schmelzpunkt (Tm) von PP mit NA im ersten Durchlauf deshalb unter dem von PP ohne NA, wogegen es sich im zweiten Durchlauf genau umgekehrt verhält, da die in PP mit NA nach der Bestrahlung kürzeren Ketten nach dem ersten Durchlauf leichter kristallisieren können.
    Notes: By the addition of nucleating agent (NA), the molecular weight of gamma-irradiated polypropylene (PP) decreases more than that of PP without NA. In the first run of differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) measurement, the melting point (T m) of PP with NA was lower than the one without NA because of larger molecular scission which occurred during irradiation. On the contrary, in the second run, Tm of PP with NA, was found to be higher than that of PP without NA. Due to the presence of NA, the molecular chains become shorter during irradiation and therefore rearrangement of the chains is easier during crystallization after the first run, this contributes to an increase in Tm.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1990.051820113
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Durability of radiation-sterilized polymers, XI. The effect of irradiation on rubber gloves (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 40 (1990), S. 799-810 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of both gamma ray and electron beam irradiations on three rubber gloves are compared in relation to sterilization. Two of these gloves are sulfur vulcanized and the other is radiation vulcanized. It was found that the radiation-vulcanized rubber gloves could be used, even at 25 kGy, the sterilization dose used. For all three gloves, it was found that the tensile strength and elongation at break are not significantly affected after irradiation in either gamma rays or electron beam or during storage. The tear strengths, however, decrease with increasing dose and storage, and it was found that degradation was higher in gamma rays than electron beam. The chemiluminescence data show that the rate of degradation is the highest in latex film followed by radiation-vulcanized and sulfur-vulcanized gloves.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070400516
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation grafting of hydrophilic monomers onto poly(4-methylpentene-1), I. Grafting of acrylic acid (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 149 (1987), S. 87-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die strahleninduzierte Pfropfung von Acrylsäure auf Poly(4-methylpenten-1) (TPX) mit unterschiedlicher Kristallinität ist bei verschiedenen Bedingungen untersucht worden. Freie Radikale, die durch Vorbestrahlung im Vakuum gebildet wurden, waren stabiler als die in Luft erzeugten Radikale und initiierten die Pfropfreaktion, sobald sie in Kontakt mit der Acrylsäure kamen. Die Pfropfgrade nahmen mit ansteigender Vorbestrahlungsdosis, Pfropftemperatur und Acrylsäurekonzentration zu. TPX geringer Kristallinität (24%) zeigte eine höhere Anfangspfropfgeschwindigkeit im Vergleich zu TPX höherer Kristallinität. Die Pfropfverteilung wurde mit einem Röngtenmikroanalysator beobachtet. Die Pfropfreaktion begann schrittweise von der Oberfläche des Films zum inneren Teil. In hochkristallinem TPX (34%) hängt die Pfropfverteilung im Endzustand von der Filmdicke ab, während sie in niedriger kristallinem TPX homogen und unabhängig von der Filmdicke war.
    Notes: Radiation grafting of acrylic acid (AAc) onto poly(4-methylpentene-1) (TPX) with different crystallinity has been investigated under various conditions. Free radicals formed by pre-irradiation of TPX in vacuum were more stable than those in the presence of air and might initiate the grafting reaction if come in contact with the AAc. Grafting yields increased with increasing preirradiation dose, grafting temperature, and concentration of AAc. Lower crystalline TPX (24%) showed a higher initial grafting rate compared with higher crystalline one. The distribution of grafting was observed by X-ray microanalyzer. The grafting reaction proceeded gradually with time from the surface of the film to the inner part. In high crystalline TPX (34%) the grafting distribution in the final stage depended on the film thickness, while in lower crystalline TPX it was homogeneous regardless the film thickness.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1987.051490106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membranes obtained by preirradiation grafting of acrylic acid onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene-perfluorovinyl ether) (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 22 (1984), S. 3673-3685 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some properties of the membranes obtained by preirradiation grafting of acrylic acid onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene-perfluorovinyl ether) copolymer (PFA) films have been investigated. The dimensional change caused by grafting and swelling behavior, water uptake, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties of the grafted films were found to increase as the grafting proceeds. The influence of the preparation conditions (such as preirradiation dose, monomer concentration, grafting temperature, and film thickness) on those properties was studied. These properties were found to be dependent mainly on the degree of grafting regardless of grafting conditions, except at higher monomer concentration (〉40 wt %). The electric conductivity and mechanical properties for the membranes obtained at higher AAc concentrations were lower than those obtained at lower ones. Analysis by x-ray microscopy of the grafted films revealed that the grafting begins at the part close to the film surface and proceeds into the central part with progressive diffusion of monomer to give finally homogeneous distribution of the electrolytes in the whole bulk of the polymer. The membranes show good electrochemical and mechanical properties which make them acceptable for practical use as cation-exchange membranes.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1984.170221205
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The polymerization of trioxane by the active species formed in the irradiated monomers (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 6 (1968), S. 727-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.110061009
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active species in the radiation-induced postpolymerization of trioxane (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 6 (1968), S. 859-863 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.110061207
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