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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Cultured granule cells ; apoptosis ; primary response genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cultured cerebellar granule cells underwent apoptotic degeneration when grown in medium containing 10 instead of 25 mM K+. Knowing that apoptosis is associated with changes in the expression of primary response genes, we have measured c-fos, zif/268, and c-jun mRNA levels during maturation of cultured granule cells grown in 10 or 25 mM K+. The constitutive expression of c-fos and zif/268 was differentially regulated by extracellular K+ concentration at 5 days of maturation in vitro (DIV), when cells grown under suboptimal conditions (i.e. in 10 mM K+) are committed to degenerate. At this stage, c-fos mRNA levels were detectable only in cultures grown in 25 mM K+, whereas zif/268 mRNA levels were dramatically elevated in cultures grown in 10 mM K+. This provides one of the few conditions in which c-fos and zif/268 are differentially regulated in nerve cells. Substantial changes in c-jun, or β-actin mRNA levels were detectable only at 7 DIV, when the percentage of apoptotic cells had already reached a plateau in ultures grown in 10 mM K+. We speculate that changes in the expression of zif/268 are important in the gene program associated with the induction of apoptosis by trophic deprivation in cultured neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Apomorphine ; sulpiride ; haloperidol ; substantia nigra ; GAD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Sono stati studiati gli effetti comparativi dell' apomorfina, agonista recettoriale dopaminergico, e di due dopamino-bloccanti, l'aloperidolo ed il sulpiride, sull'attività glutamato decarbossilasica nella sostanza nera di ratto. I risultati ottenuti dimostrano che basse dosi (10,35 μg/kg, s.c.) di apomorfina inducono un decremento dell'attività GAD nigrale mentre un effetto opposto è indotto dalla dose più alta (1000 μg/kg, s.c.). Le dosi intermedie (100 e 500 μg/kg, s.c.) non inducono alcuna significativa modificazione. Il sulpiride alla dose usata (2 mg/kg, i.p.) causa un incremento dell'attività GAD mentre nessun effetto si osserva a seguito della somministrazione sistematica di aloperidolo. I risultati sono discussi alla luce di recenti dati neurochimici e comportamentali.
    Notes: Abstract The effects of different doses of the dopamine (DA) receptor agonist apomorphine on the activity of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD, EC 4.1.1.15) were investigated in rat substantia nigra in comparison with haloperidol and sulpiride, two DA receptor blocking agents. Results obtained show that low doses (10,35 μg/kg, s.c.) of apomorphine induce a decrease in nigral GAD activity whilst an opposite effect is observed with the highest dose (1000 μg/kg, s.c.). No significant change is observed following injection of the intermediate doses (100 and 500 μg/kg, s.c.). Moreover, sulpiride at the dose used (2 mg/kg, i.p.) induces an increase in GAD activity whilst no effect follows systemic injection of the same dose of haloperidol. The results are discussed in light of recent neurochemical and behavioral data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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