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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (17)
  • General Chemistry  (14)
  • carbon dioxide  (2)
  • methodology
  • microflora
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vitro Metabolism of Fumonisin B1 by Ruminal Microflora (2000)
    Springer
    Veterinary research communications 24 (2000), S. 379-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7446
    Keywords: biodegradation ; fumonisin B1 ; metabolites ; microflora ; mycotoxin ; rumen ; short-chain fatty acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium moniliforme and F. proliferatum. Little is known of its metabolic fate after oral ingestion in ruminants, but these animals are reported to be tolerant towards FB1. The metabolism of this mycotoxin was evaluated following incubation (1 μg/ml) in ruminal fluid for up to 72 h, in the presence or absence of alfalfa as a substrate for microbial growth, using a model rumen (sealed flask, anaerobic conditions, exclusion of light, gentle agitation, 39°C). The decrease in FB1 concentration and the production of short-chain fatty acids were determined. FB1 had no effect on SCFA production. After 72 h incubation, FB1 depletion was 12% and 18% in samples with and without alfalfa, respectively. No hydrolysed metabolites (aminopolyols or aminopentol) were detected. These results indicate that FB1 is poorly metabolized in the rumen and suggest that such metabolism is not the cause of the tolerance to this toxin displayed by ruminants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006422200226
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angiogenesis Assays: Problems and Pitfalls (2000)
    Springer
    Cancer and metastasis reviews 19 (2000), S. 167-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7233
    Keywords: angiogenesis ; methodology ; animal models ; assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Many studies of angiogenesis inducers and inhibitors rely on in vitro or in vivo models as indicators of efficacy. However, as valuable as these models are, there are limitations to each one of these. This overview describes some of the principal methods now in use and discusses the advantages and some of the limitations of these methods. It is suggested that multiple assays, involving both in vitro and in vivo assays, are at present the best way to minimize the problems inherent in any specific assay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026574416001
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impacts of ocean CO2 disposal on marine life: II. Probabilistic plume exposure model used with a time‐varying dose‐response analysis (1997)
    Springer
    Environmental modeling and assessment 2 (1997), S. 345-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2967
    Keywords: carbon dioxide ; plume ; pH ; random walk ; diffusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A method to evaluate aquatic mortality given a pollutant distribution is presented and applied to several sample low pH plumes representing various ocean CO2 disposal schemes. The method is an improvement over current analysis because it integrates the mortality due to time‐varying exposure to low pH with the probabilistic experiences of passive organisms subject to turbulent lateral diffusion as they pass through the plume. For the examples presented, the plume was discretized laterally into lanes and longitudinally by time steps, and a random walk model accounting for the scale‐dependent nature of relative diffusion was used to simulate the organism pathways over one time step. From these simulations, the probability that an organism will be in a given lane, $$\dot \jmath $$ , one time step after it starts from an initial lane, $$i$$ , was determined for all combinations of $$i$$ and $$\dot \jmath $$ . These probabilities were used to find the number of organisms following each of the possible pathways, and the mortality to the organisms due to their time varying exposure to low pH was determined by using the toxicity model described in part I of this paper. The integrated method allows the impact of the plume to be described in terms of total organism mortality as well as spatial deficit of organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019081915826
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impacts of ocean CO2 disposal on marine life: I. A toxicological assessment integrating constant‐concentration laboratory assay data with variable‐concentration field exposure (1997)
    Springer
    Environmental modeling and assessment 2 (1997), S. 333-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2967
    Keywords: carbon dioxide ; sequestration ; plume ; pH ; toxicity ; zooplankton
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Feasibility studies suggest that the concept of capturing CO2 from fossil fuel power plants and discharging it to the deep ocean could help reduce atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, the local reduction in seawater pH near the point of injection is a potential environmental impact. Data from the literature reporting on toxicity of reduced pH to marine organisms potentially affected by such a plume were combined into a model expressing mortality as a function of pH and exposure time. Since organisms exposed to real plumes would experience a time‐varying pH, methods to account for a variable exposure were reviewed and a new method developed based on the concept of isomortality. In part II of this paper, the method is combined with a random‐walk model describing the transport of passive organisms through a low pH plume leading to a Monte‐Carlo‐like risk assessment which is applied to several candidate CO2 injection scenarios.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019029931755
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functionalized polyacetals, 1. Copolymerization of trioxane with 1,3-dioxep-5-ene and properties of the resulting copolymer (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 191 (1990), S. 99-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: 1,3,5-Trioxane (1) and 1,3-dioxep-5-ene (2) were copolymerized with BF3OEt2 at 65°C. The products, after base hydrolysis, were characterized by 13C and 1H NMR and were found to assume the chemical structure 4 of a copolymer containing oxymethylene and oxy-2-butenylene units with 4-hydroxy-2-butenyl and methoxy end groups, with the ratio of hydroxy-2-butenylene to methoxy end groups varying with experimental conditions. The copolymer demonstrates crystallinity and thermal stability comparable to poly(trioxane-co-ethylene oxide)s. Copolymer melting point was observed to decrease with increasing comonomer incorporation. The upper limit for incorporation of the comonomer 2 was found to be ca. 4 mol per cent. Viscosity and end group analysis (by 1H NMR) indicate molecular weights in the range of 104 to 105. The comonomeric unit demonstrates the ability to act as both a stopper against unzipping and as a trap for certain degrading agents.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1990.021910108
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phasen-Grenzlinien, insbesondere in ihrer Bedeutung für die Korrosion (1951)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 2 (1951), S. 365-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Phase boundary-lines, especially in their impotance for corrosionTwo phases have a common cleavageplane, whilst three phases touch one another along a boundary line only. Corroesponding to an adsorption in the first case in an adlineation in the second case. Both processes diminish the free energy and herewith the activity of the boundary, so inhibiting the possibilities of corrosion.Local elements, glow cathodes and catalysts consisting of several components are typical systems acting at microscopic boundary-lines. Cavitation is the inverse phenomenon.Macroscopic boundary-lines in partially filled containers, formed by wall, liquor and gaseous phase, are about this especially active, as being mixed with a four-phases-point-system, that results from the heterogeneity of the container wall. Gravity potentials, and electrokinetic potentials have their maximum value in the boundary-lines too.
    Notes: Zwei Phasen haben eine gemeinsame Grenzfläche, während drei Phasen sich nur entlang einer Grenzlinie berühren. Der Adsorption im ersten Falle entspricht eine Adlineation im zweiten Falle. Beide Vorgänge setzen die freie Energie und damit die Aktivität der Grenze herab, hemmen also Korrosionsmöglichkeiten.Lokalelemente, Glühkathoden und Mehrstoff-Katalysatoren sind typische Systeme, die an mikroskopischen Grenzlinien zur Wirkung kommen. Kavitation bildet die inverse Erscheinung hierzu.Makroskopische Grenzlinien an teilgefüllten Behältern, die durch Wandung, flüssigem Inhalt und gasförmiger Phasegebildet werden, sind darüber hinaus besonders aktiv, da sie von einem Vierphasen-Punktsystem durchsetzt sind, das infolge er heterogenität der Behälterwand resultiert.Gravitationspotentiale und elektrokinetische Potentiale haben ebenfalls in den begrenzenden Linien ihren maximalen Wert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19510021004
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kolloidchemisches Praktikum von E. Sauer. 2. Aufl. Verlag für angewandte Wissenschaften. Wiesbaden 1953. XIII, 122 S., geb. DM 9,80 (1954)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 5 (1954), S. 359-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19540050830
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrafine particles (The electrochemical society series). W. E. Kuhn, H. Lamprey und C. Sheer. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., London 1964, 561 Seiten, Preis sh 113/ -  (1964)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 15 (1964), S. 700-701 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19640150815
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Schaum, von E. Manegold. Verlag Straßenbau, Chemie u. Technik, Heidelberg 1953. 1. Aufl. VIII, 512 S., 294 Abb., geb. DM 64.- (1955)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 67 (1955), S. 139-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19550670414
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gesetzliche Temperatur - gesetzliche Wärmemenge (1925)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 38 (1925), S. 447-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19250382006
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