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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A type of apparently axonless granule cell in the cat auditory cortex (1984)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 170 (1984), S. 319-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Granule cells ; Axons ; Auditory cortex ; Golgi method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the auditory areas (A I, A II and the posterior ectosylvian gyrus) of the cat, unusually small granule cells apparently lacking an axon are described. They are exclusively located in layer 2/3 and sometimes impregnate in groups of 4 or 5, being probably quite frequent. Some morphological differences between granule cells of young and adult cats are noted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318736
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of neurons in the white matter of the adult human neocortex (1992)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 88 (1992), S. 204-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebral cortex of man ; Morphology of white matter neurons ; Subplate cells ; Golgi method ; Immunohistochemistry ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neurons in the human cerebral cortical white matter below motor, visual, auditory and prefrontal orbital areas have been studied with the Golgi method, immunohistochemistry and diaphorase histochemistry. The majority of white matter neurons are pyramidal cells displaying the typical polarized, spiny dendritic system. The morphological variety includes stellate forms as well as bipolar pyramidal cells, and the expression of a certain morphological phenotype seems to depend on the position of the neuron. Spineless nonpyramidal neurons with multipolar to bitufted dendritic fields constitute less than 10% of the nuerons stained for microtubule associated protein (MAP-2). Only 3% of the MAP-2 immunoreactive neurons display nicotine adenine dinucleotide-diaphorase activity. The white matter pyramidal neurons are arranged in radial rows continuous with the columns of layer VI neurons. Neuron density is highest below layer VI, and decreases with increasing distance from the gray matter. White matter neurons are especially abundant below the primary motor cortex, and are least frequent below the visual cortex area 17. In contrast to other mammalian species, the white matter neurons in man are not only present during development, but persist throughout life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259143
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dorsomedial and dorsolateral forebrain of the zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata: a Golgi study (1996)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 283 (1996), S. 263-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Dorsal forebrain ; Hippocampal complex ; Corticoid complex ; Hippocampus ; Golgi method ; Song bird ; Zebra finch ; Taeniopygia guttata (Aves ; Passeriformes)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Neurones in the zebra finch dorsal forebrain (hippocampal and lateral corticoid complexes) were described and located using Golgi methods. We distinguish two main classes of neurones, spinous with distant projecting axons, and aspinous with local axons. Spinous neurones are subclassified into bitufted pyramids, localised in the medial hippocampus, modified bitufted pyramids in the intermediate corticoid area, multipolar neurones in the parahippocampal area, lateral hippocampus and corticoid complex, and stellate neurones in the corticoid complex. Among the aspinous neurones, we distinguish neurones with basket axons, dense pericellular axons, radial axons, and net-like axons, and horizontal cells seen in the dorsolateral corticoid area. This group includes sparsely spinous neurones found in the intermediate corticoid area. On the basis of the neuronal characteristics, we divide the hippocampal complex into 5 fields: medial and lateral hippocampus, parahippocampal area, central field of the parahippocampal area, and crescent field. The lateral corticoid complex is subdivided into an intermediate corticoid area and a dorsolateral corticoid area. We conclude that the avian dorsal forebrain is an assembly of fields interconnected by axonal collaterals. The medial hippocampus and possibly the intermediate corticoid area display a primitive cortex-like organisation, whereas the other fields lack any sign of cortical structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050537
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early development of the human area postrema and subfornical organ (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 232 (1992), S. 612-619 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The first appearance and early development of two circumventricular organs, the area postrema (AP) and the subfornical organ (SFO), were investigated in human embryos and fetuses from the 4th to the 40th gestational weeks (GW). The AP appears very early in development, during the GW 10; its high vascularization can be seen from GW14, and differentiated neurons are observed from GW 16. The SFO is characterized by a late onset of development. It can first be distinguished at GW 17, but it does not attain cytological differentiation until the last weeks of gestation. It is suggested that the AP has important functions during fetal life, which are related to normal fetal weight and growth; in contrast the SFO, which is connected with drinking behavior and salt/water balance, seems to play a less essential role in early fetal life.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092320416
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative ultrastructural characteristics relating to transport between luteal cell cytoplasm and blood in the corpus luteum of the pregnant rat (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 172 (1985), S. 87-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The synthesis and secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum (CL) may be limited or controlled by transport mechanisms operating between circulating blood and luteal cell cytoplasm. To examine this possibility, the structural features involved in transport, including membrane surface areas and diffusion distances, were quantitated in the CL of 16-day pregnant rats. One ovary from each of eight rats was fixed by perfusion via a cannula inserted into the parametrial artery, and two CL from each ovary were processed for electron microscopy and examined with standard morphometric techniques. For comparison, one CL from each of a further eight ovaries was diced into small cubes, fixed by immersion, and analyzed similarly. In perfusion-fixed CL, there was a substantial volume of vascular space (20% of the total) and interstitial space (5%) and an extensive surface area of capillaries (441 mm2 per CL). The luteal-cell membrane had numerous projections which increased its surface area by a factor of 3.08. Almost 60% of the luteal-cell surface directly faced a capillary, and a further 37% faced interstitial space which probably extended to a capillary surface. Only 3% was in direct contact with a neighboring luteal cell. Despite the extensive interstitial space the harmonic mean thickness, an estimate of likely effective diffusion distance between luteal cell cytoplasm and blood, was only 0.42 μm. This was less than half of the calculated arithmetic mean thickness owing to the presence of surface projections and an uneven capillary endothelium. Results from immersion-fixed CL were qualitatively similar; but the proportion of interstitial space was only 59% of that in perfusion-fixed CL, and the contribution of surface projections to the total area of luteal-cell membranes was significantly reduced. Collectively, these results suggest that membranes and spaces between blood and luteal-cell cytoplasm are structured so as to minimize transport distances.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001720107
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometric analysis of the corpus luteum of 16-day pregnant rats: The effect of preparative procedures on volume of luteal cell, interstitial, and vascular compartments (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 168 (1983), S. 51-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The volumes of the major tissue compartments, vascular space, interstitial space, and luteal cells, in the corpus luteum (CL) of 16-day pregnant rats were determined morphometrically after different fixation procedures. Ovaries were fixed by perfusion at physiologic pressures (PF), by immersion directly in fixative (IF), by immersion after clamping blood vessels to prevent escape of blood (IFC), or by immersion after administration of heparin to prevent blood clotting (IFH). Three CL in each of eight ovaries were examined for each fixation method. Total volumes were significantly larger in CL fixed by PF and IFC, and approximated physiologic volumes as assessed from frozen ovaries. Perfusion-fixed CL had significantly larger vascular and interstitial spaces and smaller cell volumes than immersion-fixed CL. Capillary surface area varied significantly between the four groups in accordance with absolute volume of vascular space. Estimated numbers of endothelial cells and amounts of connective tissue differed significantly, presumably due to difficulties in identifying these components in immersion-fixed CL with collapsed vessels. The fixation methods used caused substantial fluid shifts between the three major compartments. A theoretical approach for considering these shifts and the likely physiologic situation was developed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001680106
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