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  • Gossypium hirsutum  (1)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (1)
  • QTLs for resistance  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Rice ; Sheath blight ; F2 clonal population ; QTLs for resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, is one of the three major diseases of rice. The present study was conducted with an F2 clonal population of Jasmine 85/Lemont. The F2 population, including 128 clonal families, was inoculated by short toothpicks incubated with a strain, RH-9 of the fungus. Based on field disease evaluations in 2 years and a genetic map with 118 evenly distributed molecular markers, we identified six quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contributing to sheath blight resistance. These QTLs, qSB-2, qSB-3, qSB-7, qSB-9-1, qSB-9-2 and qSB-11, were located on chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 9 and 11, respectively. The respective alleles of qSB-2, qSB-3, qSB-7, and qSB-9-2 from Jasmine 85 could explain 21.2%, 26.5%, 22.2% and 10.1% of the total phenotypic variation, respectively; while the alleles of qSB-9-1 and qSB-11 from Lemont could explain 9.8% and 31.2% of the total phenotypic variation. Of these qSB-2 and qSB-11 could be detected in both years, while remaining loci were detected only in a single year. Furthermore, four QTLs (qHD-2, qHD-3, qHD-5 and qHD-7) controlling heading date and three QTLs (qPH-3, qPH-4 and qPH-11) controlling plant height were also identified. Though rice sheath blight resistance may be influenced by morphological traits, such as heading date and plant height, in the present study most detected resistance loci were not linked to the loci for heading date or plant height.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photosynthetica 35 (1998), S. 329-333 
    ISSN: 1573-9058
    Keywords: Gossypium hirsutum ; internode ; leaf area index ; node number ; plant height ; stem ; Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A data base was generated for quantifying effects of thermal time (degree-days) on the appearance of new leaves, the expansion of such leaves to maximum area, their death, the appearance of new internodes below the node associated with such leaves, and the extension of these internodes to maximum length. The data base for a list of crop (agronomic and horticultural), weed, and native Tallgrass Prairie plants has been summarized, with equations for the above events as a function of degree days, with appropriate base temperatures and maximum cut-off temperatures, in a Java applet which is available at a website with the URL 〈http://th190-50.agn.uiuc.edu〉. Associated graphical plots such as shown in this paper are also given. Branching behavior was accounted for. These events predict the effect of thermal time on leaf age and its height in the plant canopy, both important factors needed for upscaling functions for leaf behavior to those for behavior of the plant canopy. The data base is evolving to include coefficients for other species. Coefficients are used to predict the leaf area index of the canopy, which is important for predicting evapotranspiration from the crop and the protection of the soil from erosion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Solid state reactions ; spinel-forming reactions ; MgAl2O4 thin films ; transmission electron microscopy ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: TEM-Untersuchungen von Spinellbildungsreaktionen: Reaktionsmechanismus, Schichtorientierung und Grenzflächenstruktur bei der MgAl2O4-Bildung auf (001) MgO- und (1 1.2) Al2O3-EinkristallsubstratenEs wird über experimentelle Untersuchungen der Bildung wohlorientierter MgAl2O4-Spinellschichten durch Festkörperreaktion zwischen (I) einem (001) MgO-Substrat und Al2O3-Dampf sowie (II) einem (1 1.2) Al2O3-Substrat und einer abgeschiedenen MgO-Schicht berichtet. Zusammensetzung, Struktur und Morphologie der Schichten werden durch XRD, SEM, TEM/SAED und EDX charakterisiert. Die beteiligten Reaktionsfronten werden mit Hilfe der hochauflösenden Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie atomarer Auflösung (ARM) an Querschnittsproben untersucht. Die Richtung des Gesamtdiffusionsstromes und die Art der diffundierenden Teilchen werden experimentell unter Zuhilfenahme inerter Markierungen submikroskopischer Abmessung bestimmt. Die Fälle (I) und (II) weisen gemeinsame Merkmale, aber auch wesentliche Unterschiede auf. Auf (001) MgO-Substraten wachsen die MgAl2O4-Schichten in der einfachen kubischen Orientierungsbeziehung MgAl2O4(001) ∥ MgO(001); MgAl2O4[100] ∥ MgO[100]. Die Schichten bestehen aus kleinen Körnern von ca. 25 bis 50 nm Durchmesser, deren Orientierungen um Winkel bis zu etwa ± 2° symmetrisch um die exakte Orientierung verteilt sind. Auf (1 1.2) Saphirsubstraten wachsen die MgAl2O4-Schichten annähernd in der Orientierung MgAl2O4(001) ∥ Al2O3(1 1.2); MgAl2O4[010] ∥ Al2O3[11.0]. Diese Schichten bestehen aus größeren Körnern von ca. 100 nm Durchmesser, deren Orientierungen systematisch von der obigen Orientierung abweichen, und zwar durch einseitige Rotation von bis zu 5 bis 6° um die [11.0]-Achse des Substrats. Die Struktur der jeweiligen Reaktionsfronten zeigt charakteristische Unterschiede, die mit diesen Beobachtungen korrespondieren und die mit Blick auf unterschiedliche Mechanismen im Anfangsstadium der Spinellbildungsreaktion diskutiert werden, wobei letztere eine Folge der unterschiedlichen kristallographischen Randbedingungen zu Beginn der Reaktion sind.
    Notes: The formation of well-oriented MgAl2O4 spinel films by solid state reactions between (i) a MgO (001) substrate and an Al2O3 vapour and (ii) a sapphire (1 1.2) substrate and a deposited solid MgO film, respectively, is experimentally investigated. Composition, structure and morphology of the films are characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM/SAED, and EDX. The reaction fronts involved are investigated by cross-sectional atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy (ARM). The direction of the overall diffusion flux and the kind of diffusing species are determined in experiments using inert markers of sub-micron size. There are common features and, however, distinct differences between cases (i) and (ii). On MgO (001) substrates, the MgAl2O4 films grow in a simple cube-to-cube orientation: MgAl2O4(001) ∥ MgO(001); MgAl2O4[100] ∥ MgO [100]. The films consist of small grains about 25 to 50 nm in diameter, the orientation of which is symmetrically distributed around the exact orientation, with maximum deviations of about ±2°. On sapphire (1 1.2) substrates the MgAl2O4 films grow almost in the orientation MgAl2O4(001) ∥ Al2O3(1 1.2); MgAl2O4[010] ∥ Al2O3[11.0]. These films consist of larger grains about 100 nm in diameter, the orientation of which systematically deviates from the above orientation by unidirectional rotations up to 5 to 6° around the substrate [11.0] axis. The structures of the reaction fronts show corresponding differences, which are discussed in terms of different mechanisms occurring at the initial stage of the spinelforming reaction because of the different crystallographic conditions at the beginning of the reactions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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