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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 46 (1990), S. 259-271 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Scheduling ; parallel machines ; approximation algorithm ; worst case analysis ; linear programming ; integer programming ; rounding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the following scheduling problem. There arem parallel machines andn independent jobs. Each job is to be assigned to one of the machines. The processing of jobj on machinei requires timep ij . The objective is to find a schedule that minimizes the makespan. Our main result is a polynomial algorithm which constructs a schedule that is guaranteed to be no longer than twice the optimum. We also present a polynomial approximation scheme for the case that the number of machines is fixed. Both approximation results are corollaries of a theorem about the relationship of a class of integer programming problems and their linear programming relaxations. In particular, we give a polynomial method to round the fractional extreme points of the linear program to integral points that nearly satisfy the constraints. In contrast to our main result, we prove that no polynomial algorithm can achieve a worst-case ratio less than 3/2 unlessP = NP. We finally obtain a complexity classification for all special cases with a fixed number of processing times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Algorithmica 11 (1994), S. 278-290 
    ISSN: 1432-0541
    Keywords: Network flow ; Cuts ; Parametric cuts ; Graph algorithms ; Layout
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Galloet al. [4] recently examined the problem of computing on line a sequence ofk maximum flows and minimum cuts in a network ofn nodes, where certain edge capacities change between each flow. They showed that for an important class of networks, thek maximum flows and minimum cuts can be computed simply in O(n3+kn2) total time, provided that the capacity changes are made “in order.” Using dynamic trees their time bound isO(nm log(n2/m)+km log(n2/m)). We show how to reduce the total time, using a simple algorithm, to O(n3+kn) for explicitly computing thek minimum cuts and implicitly representing thek flows. Using dynamic trees our bound is O(nm log(n2/m)+kn log(n2/m)). We further reduce the total time toO(n 2√m) ifk is at most O(n). We also apply the ideas from [10] to show that the faster bounds hold even when the capacity changes are not “in order,” provided we only need the minimum cuts; if the flows are required then the times are respectively O(n3+km) and O(n2√m). We illustrate the utility of these results by applying them to therectilinear layout problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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