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A Ras protein from a phytopathogenic fungus causes defects in hyphal growth polarity, and induces tumors in mice (1999)

Truesdell, G. M. ; Jones, C. ; Holt, T. ; [et al.]

Springer

Molecular genetics and genomics 262 (1999), S. 46-54

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ISSN: 1617-4623

Keywords: Key wordsColletotrichum trifolii ; Growth polarity ; Ras ; Signal transduction

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Ras is a low-molecular-weight guanine nucleotide (GDP/GTP)-binding protein that transduces signals for growth and differentiation in eukaryotes. In mammals, the importance of Ras in regulating growth is underscored by the observation that activating mutations in ras genes are found in many animal tumors. Colletotrichum trifolii is a filamentous fungal pathogen of alfalfa which causes anthracnose disease. To investigate signaling pathways that regulate growth and development in this fungus, a gene encoding a Ras homolog (CT-Ras) was cloned from C. trifolii. CT-Ras exhibited extensive amino acid similarity to Ras proteins from higher and lower eukaryotes. A single amino acid change resulting in mutationally activated CT-Ras induced cellular transformation of mouse (NIH 3T3) fibroblasts and tumor formation in nu/nu mice. In Colletotrichum, mutationally activated CT-Ras induced abnormal hyphal proliferation and defects in polarized growth, and significantly reduced differentiation in a nutrient-dependent manner. These results show that C. trifolii Ras is a functional growth regulator in both mammals and fungi, and demonstrate that proper regulation of Ras is required for normal fungal growth and development.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380051058

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Crystallization behavior of poly(3,3-bisethoxymethyl oxetane) and poly(3,3-bisazidomethyl oxetane) (1985)

Hardenstine, K. E. ; Henderson, G. V. S. ; Sperling, L. H. ; [et al.]

New York : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1597-1609

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ISSN: 0098-1273

Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics

Notes: Two crystal modifications have been found for poly(3,3-bisethoxymethyl oxetane) [poly- (BEMO)] by wide-angle x-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, while only one modification has been found for poly(3,3-bisazidomethyl oxetane) [poly(BAMO)]. Melting temperatures for the two polymers were nearly the same, varying from about 70 to about 90°C depending on the thermal treatment; higher crystallization temperatures resulted in higher melting temperatures. The equilibrium melting temperature T*m was found to be 125 and 128°C for poly(BEMO) and poly(BAMO), respectively, by using the Hoffman-Weeks extrapolation procedure. Measurement of the melting-point depression of Poly(BEMO) and poly(BAMO) in dibutyl phthalate yielded enthalpy of fusion values of 2.25 and 12.8 kcal/mol, respectively. The percent crystallinity for poly(BEMO) and poly(BAMO), respectively, was calculated to be 55-60 and 13-30% based on DSC and x-ray analysis.

Additional Material: 9 Ill.