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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adrenomedullin-like immunoreactivity in the nervous system of the starfish Marthasterias glacialis (1996)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 283 (1996), S. 169-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Adrenomedullin ; Nitric oxide ; Nervous system ; Gut ; Immunocytochemistry ; Marthasterias glacialis (Echinodermata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The nervous system of the starfish Marthasterias glacialis was investigated immunocytochemically using an antiserum specific for adrenomedullin (AM), a new regulatory peptide. Immunoreactivity was only found in nerves of the basiepithelial plexus of cardiac and pyloric stomachs and pyloric caeca, while the radial nerve cords and the other digestive organs were negative. The strongest AM-like immunoreactivity was located in the current-producing areas of the cardiac stomach. The distribution of this peptide suggests different functions in echinoderms involving regulation of muscle movement and neurotransmission. The presence of an AM-like substance in echinoderms points to an early phylogenetic origin for this regulatory system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050526
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulatory peptides in gut endocrine cells and nerves in the starfish Marthasterias glacialis (1993)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 271 (1993), S. 375-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Gut ; Innervation ; Regulatory peptides ; Endocrine cells ; Marthasterias glacialis (Echinodermata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The endocrine cells of the starfish digestive tract are spindle-shaped, contacting both the lumen and the basiepithelial plexus. Silver impregnation labels the basiepithelial and subcoelomic plexuses as well as these cells. Twenty antisera have been tested using the avidinbiotin method, in order to identify the regulatory substances involved in this system. Endocrine cells and nerves immunoreactive to GFNSALMFamide- (S1), FMRFamide-, peptide tyrosine-tyrosine-(PYY), pancreatic polypeptide- (PP), melanocyte stimulating hormone- (αMSH) and peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase- (PAM) specific antisera have been found in the epithelium. The antibodies against S1, a peptide isolated from the nervous system of a starfish, and αMSH, stain both the basiepithelial plexus and the subcoelomic plexus, but the others react only with nerves in the basiepithelial plexus. Absorption controls show that antibodies for S1 and FMRFamide totally crossreact recognizing the same molecule, possibly S1. The other antibodies do not show cross-reactivity to any of the rest, and thus we conclude that these regulatory peptides are present in starfish. This is the first report of the presence of FMRFamide, PYY, αMSH and PAM in the Echinodermata. Under the electron microscope the endocrine cells exhibit secretory granules, microtubules and mitochondria. Direct contact with the subcoelomic plexus can be observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318624
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitric oxide (NO) synthase immunoreactivity in the starfish Marthasterias glacialis (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 275 (1994), S. 599-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Nitric oxide synthase ; Nervous system ; Gut ; Endocrine cells ; Immunocytochemistry ; Marthasterias glacialis (Echinodermata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The neuroendocrine system of the starfish Marthasterias glacialis was investigated immunocytochemically using antisera specific for rat neuronal, bovine aortic endothelial, and mouse macrophage, nitric oxide (NO) synthases. Immunoreactivity was detected only with the antibodies specific for the neural enzyme, in the ectoneural and hyponeural tissues of the radial nerve cords and in the basiepithelial plexus and endocrine cells of the digestive tract. The pyloric stomach showed more immunoreactive structures than the other digestive organs, with the rectal caeca showing the least activity. Immunoreactive endocrine cells were located in the cardiac and pyloric stomachs and in the pyloric caeca. Co-localization of the enzyme immunoreactivity, and the staining for NADPH-diaphorase, demonstrate the presence of NO synthase in echinoderms. These results provide further evidence that NO is a neuronal messenger of early phylogenetic origin which has been conserved throughout evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318828
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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