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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (3)
  • HRTEM
  • catalytic properties of Pt black
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 12 (1992), S. 331-344 
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: XPS of Pt black catalyst ; UPS of Pt black catalyst ; surface state of Pt black ; catalytic properties of Pt black
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract XPS and UPS of a Pt black catalyst after customary H2-O2 regeneration shows considerable amounts of residual C as well as surface OH/H2O species. Surface C could not be removed even by O2 at 800 K. Oxygenates are stable even after H2 treatment up to 750 K. Their chemical state has been tentatively identified by comparing XPS and UPS results. Catalytic transformations of n-hexane on Pt black treated analogously is reported and the effect of surface species on catalytic properties discussed. Possible consequences of the presence of stable surface OH/H2O species on H2-O2 titrations are mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: Ammonia synthesis ; iron catalyst ; surface characterization ; promoter effects ; nitrides ; ion scattering spectroscopy ; XPS ; HRTEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Industrial doubly-promoted iron catalysts and model systems of singly-promoted K- and Al-iron catalysts were characterised by their catalytic performance at 1 bar pressure. The relevance of bulk nitrogen for catalytic performance is shown. The catalysts were also activated in an in-situ reaction chamber of a He-ion scattering spectrometer (ISS) and their top atomic layer elemental composition was determined after they had reached similar performance as in the microreactor tests. The bulk microstructure of these samples was investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and microdiffraction. All evidence indicates that small highly crystalline α-Fe platelets act as active phase. Their surfaces are covered to a large extent by promotor compounds which are partly present as poorly crystalline aggregates with iron oxide leaving only a small fraction of elemental iron directly exposed to the gas phase. The intimate contact between iron crystals and promoters particles prevents recrystallisation and is the key to the understanding of the structural stability of the catalyst system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 12 (1988), S. 233-238 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study is presented for an industrial catalyst surface, which is in its active form only accessible after reaction under technical conditions. A high pressure-high temperature reactor was attached to a surface analysis system. It allowed rapid transfer of a sample between the reaction environment and the UHV required for surface analysis. The active phase was identified as a ternary iron potassium oxide. No evidence was found for the previously suggested presence of a binary potassium hydroxide or carbonate phase in solid or liquid form. A new model of the active catalyst is proposed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Na—Y zeolite was cation exchanged with Ru and tested in ammonia synthesis at atmospheric pressure. Activities up to ∼10% of the commercial iron catalyst scaled by the active surface area were observed. Characterization of the zeolites with XPS was complemented with reference thermal desorption spectroscopy data on a polycrystalline Ru metal surface. The catalysts showed high thermal stability in in situ reduction-oxidation cycles. The chemical state of the Ru will be discussed. From shift measurements the Ru is metallic in the active state, but line shape arguments point to a cluster-like particle morphology. The location of the Ru inside or outside the zeolite framework will be discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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