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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 267 (1970), S. 170-176 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Chicken ; Acid Secretion ; Histamine ; Gastrin ; Carbachol ; Huhn ; Säuresekretion ; Histamin ; Gastrin ; Carbachol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The effect of histamine, carbachol, pentagastrin and gastrin extracts of different organs (glandular stomach, gizzard, duodenum) on gastric acid secretion was investigated in unanaesthetized chickens with a gastric fistula. 2. On a molar basis, pentagastrin was three times as potent as carbachol and 12 times as potent as histamine. The dose of pentagastrin required for stimulation of gastric secretion in chickens was very much higher than in mammals. 3. Extracts from the glandular stomach, the gizzard and the duodenum were free from acid secretion stimulating activity. 4. It was concluded that gastric acid secretion in chickens is controlled by a mechanism other than gastrin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 265 (1970), S. 301-309 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Chicken ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Histamine ; Histidine Decarboxylase ; Gastrin ; Huhn ; Gastrointestinaltrakt ; Histamin ; Histidin-decarboxylase ; Gastrin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The histamine, histidine decarboxylase and gastrin content of the oesophagus, crop, glandular stomach, gizzard and duodenum was determined in chickens. 2. Only minute amounts of histamine were found in the oesophagus (0.8 μg/g) and crop (0.5 μg/g). In the glandular stomach (7.7 μg/g), however, the gizzard (4.8 μg/g) and the duodenum (12.9 μg/g) the histamine content was considerably higher. 3. Measurable amounts of the specific histidine decarboxylase activity were found only in the glandular stomach (25.3 nMole newly formed histamine/g · hr−1). 4. In none of the organs investigated, could any gastrin activity be definitely detected. 5. From the experiments it was concluded that gastric acid secretion in chickens may be controlled by systems other than gastrin. The role of histamine in this process is uncertain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Magenschleimhaut ; Adenylat-Cyclase ; Histamin ; Gastritis ; Ulcus ; Gastric mucosa ; Adenylate cyclase ; Histamine ; Gastritis ; Ulcer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In morphologically different biopsy specimens from fundic, antral and duodenal mucosa of 134 persons, basal and histamine stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was studied: Basal and stimulated adenylate cyclase activities were log-normally distributed. Only in the fundic but not in the antral and duodenal mucosa adenylate cyclase was sensitive to histamine. The mean basal activity in the fundic gastric mucosa was 148, in response to 10−5 mol/l histamine 292 pmol cAMP/mg protein/20 min. In human fundic biopsy specimens histologically identified as normal gastric mucosa, the stimulatory effect of histamine on adenylate cyclase decreased with the individual's age. In bioptic material from patients suffering from histologically proven chronic gastritis the histamine effect decreased with the degree of atrophy. A similar loss of histamine sensitivity was found in gastric mucosal biopsies of antrectomized individuals operated at least 5 years before by the Billroth I or II method, whereas in the mucosa of patients with gastric or duodenal ulcer no loss occurred. In contrast, the most pronounced stimulatory action of histamine was found in this latter group. Since a histamine sensitive adenylate cyclase is localized only in the glandular area of the fundic mucosa and the histamine sensitivity depends on a morphological intact structure of the mucosa, it can be concluded, that the effects of histamine on adenylate cyclase and on hydrochloric acid secretion have to be considered as a mechanism linked together.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In morphologisch unterschiedlichen Biopsieproben aus der Fundus-, Antrum- und Duodenalschleimhaut von insgesamt 134 Personen wurde die basale und histaminstimulierte Adenylat-Cyclaseaktivität untersucht. Basale und stimulierte Adenylat-Cyclaseaktivität der Schleimhaut des oberen Gastrointestinaltrakts war log-normal verteilt. Nur die Adenylat-Cyclase der Fundusschleimhaut, nicht dagegen die der Antrum- und Duodenalschleimhaut war durch Histamin stimulierbar. In der Fundusschleimhaut betrug die basale Aktivität im Mittel 148, in Gegenwart von 10−5 mol/l Histamin 292 pmol cAMP/mg Protein/20 min. Die Stimulierbarkeit der Adenylat-Cyclase nahm in histologisch gesichert normaler Fundusschleimhaut mit dem Alter und im Biopsiematerial von Patienten mit histologisch diagnostizierter verschiedengradig chronischer Gastritis mit zunehmender Schleimhautatrophie ab. Die Stimulierbarkeit der Adenylat-Cyclase der Fundusschleimhaut durch Histamin war bei Patienten mit einem Magen- oder Duodenalulcus nicht signifikant von der des Normalkollektivs verschieden, obwohl in der Gruppe Duodenalulcus die höchsten Werte gefunden wurden. Demgegenüber war bei Patienten mit 2/3-Resektion nach Billroth I und II die Wirkung von Histamin auf die Enzymaktivität eindeutig vermindert. Da eine histamin-empfindliche Adenylat-Cyclase nur im sekretorischen Anteil des Magens nachweisbar ist und dieser Effekt einer morphologisch intakten Schleimhaut bedarf, lassen die hier vorliegenden Befunde darauf schließen, daß die Wirkungen von Histamin auf Adenylat-Cyclase und Säuresekretion zusammengehörige Vorgänge sind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 263 (1969), S. 450-461 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cats ; Histamine ; Gastrin-Tetrapeptide ; Vagus Stimulation ; 14C-l-Glutamic Acid ; Gastric Juice ; Pepsin ; Katzen ; Histamin ; Gastrin-Tetrapeptid ; Vagusreizung ; 14C-l-Glutaminsäure ; Magensaft ; Pepsin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. An Katzen wurde die Ausscheidung von Radioaktivität in den Magensaft nach i.v. Injektion von 14C-l-Glutaminsäure unter verschiedenen sekretorischen Reizen untersucht. 2. Radioaktives Material wird in Abhängigkeit vom verwendeten Sekretionsreiz in unterschiedlicher Menge ausgeschieden. 3. Die Menge ausgeschiedener Radioaktivität verlief parallel zur Pepsinausscheidung. 4. Lyophilisierter Magensaft mit hohem Pepsingehalt weist bei der Gelfiltration in den Fraktionen die höchste Radioaktivität auf, die auch am meisten Pepsin enthalten. 5. Aus den Versuchen wird geschlossen, daß 14C-Glutaminsäure in der Magenschleimhaut in Pepsin eingebaut und mit diesem in den Magensaft ausgeschieden wird.
    Notes: Summary 1. The effect of different gastric secretagogues on the secretion of radioactive material into the gastric juice after i.v. injection of 14C-l-glutamic acid was investigated in cats. 2. Radioactive material was secreted into the gastric juice in different quantities depending on the stimulus applied. 3. The amount of radioactivity secreted was in parallel with the secretion of pepsin. 4. Fractionation of freeze dried gastric juice of high pepsin content demonstrated a parallelism between radioactivity and pepsin. 5. It is concluded that 14C-l-glutamic acid is incorporated into the pepsin molecule and is secreted with it into the gastric juice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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