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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 38 (1980), S. 221-227 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Basal ganglia ; Choreoathetosis ; Insecticides ; Electroencephalogram ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Decamethrin (NRDC 161) is a neurotoxic pyrethroid insecticide which produces a reversible sequence of motor symptoms in rats involving hind limb rigidity and choreoathetosis. This paper represents an evaluation of the usefulness of decamethrin as an experimental method of inducing extrapyramidal hyperexcitability. EEG records from conscious rats showed a specific slowing of movement related θ activity to parallel the development of hind limb rigidity, but no discernible change in other components until shortly before the onset of choreoathetosis. At this point localised sharp waves could be evoked by sensory stimuli. These developed rapidly into spontaneous generalised spike sequences which followed individual spasms. Cortical auditory evoked potentials were decreased in amplitude during this phase. Depth electrodes showed discharges initially in the globus pallidus and caudate nucleus which spread to the frontal cortex and thence to the rest of the cortex and to other areas. During continued spontaneous choreoathetosis spikes and slow wave activity developed, dominating all records until recovery or death. In anaesthetised rats extracellular unit records from cells in the caudate nucleus showed a rapid increase in firing rate after intravenous decamethrin as EEG spikes developed. Cortical somato-sensory evoked potentials were decreased in amplitude as in the conscious rats but with additional development of a sharp late component during generalised EEG spiking. It is concluded that the symptoms, distribution, and nature of cortical and subcortical spiking, supression of cortical evoked responses, and increase in caudate neuronal activity all are consistent with a primary action of decamethrin upon the extrapyramidal motor system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 56 (1985), S. 279-282 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; Hypothermia ; Rat ; Thermogenesis ; Tributyl phosphorotrithioate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Tributyl S,S,S-phosphorotrithioate (DEF) produces profound hypothermia in rats, mice and guinea pigs by inhibition of thermogenesis. Its actions on heat conservation and motor control are, however, minimal. It is effective against both shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis and completely blocks the increase in body temperature evoked by anterior hypothalamic stimulation. A number of other measures indicated that this is unlikely to be due to a lack of peripheral thermogenic capacity: thus plasma concentrations of glucose, free fatty acids, and ketone bodies remained normal or rose after DEF, and in vitro noradrenaline-stimulated lipolysis was normal in the presence of DEF. The metabolic response to the uncoupler, 2,4-dinitrophenol was unchanged by DEF, and the increase in temperature of brown fat evoked in vivo by nerve stimulation or noradrenaline was also unaffected. It is suggested that DEF (or more likely a DEF metabolite) acts selectively on a central thermogenic control process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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