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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of stress-strain relationship and stress relaxation in various synthetic ligaments (1994)
    Springer
    Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy 2 (1994), S. 47-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-7347
    Keywords: Knee ligament surgery ; Synthetic augmentation devices ; Mechanical behaviour ; Uniaxial loading
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: Abstract In an experimental study various synthetic augmentation devices for knee ligament surgery were tested in a servo-mechanical universal tensile testing machine under uniaxial loading. Two tests were done to elucidate the mechanical behaviour: stress relaxation and stress-strain relationship. Regarding the point of failure or rupture, the strongest ligament was the Trevira et 1800 N, followed by the 8-mm-wide Kennedy LAD at 1720 N. At a working load of 500 N the Gore-tex band, the Trevira, and the Kennedy-LAD stretched by between 2% and 3%. For synthetic augmentation in repair of proximally ruptured anterior cruciate ligaments we recommend a synthetic ligament that reaches failure point at a load of more than 1000 N with an alteration in length of less than 5%. Otherwise, stress protection of the biological reconstruction in full extension will be impossible. The requisite criteria were fulfilled by the Trevira, Kennedy-LAD and Gore-tex synthetic ligaments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01552654
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclops and cyclopoid formation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: clinical and histomorphological differences (1999)
    Springer
    Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy 7 (1999), S. 284-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-7347
    Keywords: Key words ACL reconstruction ; Cyclops syndrome ; Histomorphology ; Tibial tunnel placement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: Abstract Prospectively, 119 patients were pursued clinically and by follow-up-arthroscopy for the occurrence of a “cyclops syndrome” after ACL reconstruction with a patellar tendon autograft, augmented by LAD. Twenty-one patients showed nodular formations. Ten of these (group 1) developed early clinical evidence of a “cyclops syndrome” with a mean extension deficit of 19° before follow-up-arthroscopy, on average 5.9 months after the index operation. The nodular formations found and excised during débridement had a hard consistency. Histomorphological undecalcified microtome section evaluation of six specimens revealed fibrocartilagineous tissue with active bone formation in the center. The other 11 patients showed no clinical symptoms (group 2). A similar but soft nodulous scar formation was detected at follow-up-arthroscopy, on average 9.5 months after the index operation. Histomorphologically these so-called “cyclopoid” formations were only built-up fibrocartilagineous islands surrounded by granulation tissue. Neither remnants of tendon graft fibers nor old bone particles were found in specimens of either group. It can be concluded that both the hard cyclops and the soft “cyclopoid” are de novo scar formations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001670050165
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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