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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 45 (1982), S. 253-264 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebellar nuclei ; Eye movements ; Nystagmus ; Saccades
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In all cerebellar nuclei saccade related neurons can be recorded. In the alert untrained Rhesus monkey these neurons can be classified into short-lead bursters, complex bursters, and tonic burst neurons. Short-lead bursters can be related to the onset or to the length of saccades and blinks. Complex bursters are active in the early (acceleration) or late (deceleration) phase of saccades. Tonic burst neurons, in addition, display maintained activity which is modulated in a complex manner with eye position, during periods of fixation or slow-phase nystagmus. In agreement with clinical and previous experimental data we view these cerebellar output neurons as elements which are not part of the system which basically generates eye movements, but rather as a system which could influence the execution of movements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 41 (1981), S. 108-114 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibulo-ocular-reflex ; Habituation ; Monkey ; Nystagmus ; Sinusoidal rotation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In experimentally naive monkeys the horizontal vestibulo-ocular-reflex (VOR) has a time constant which is in the range of 40–60 s. It can be measured as the nystagmus decline after pulses of angular acceleration, or from the transfer functions obtained from sinusoidal rotation with different frequencies. When frequencies below 0.1 Hz are applied, sinusoidal rotation leads to a pronounced phase advance, a decrease in gain and a shortening of the pre- and post-rotatory nystagmus time constant. Even very low frequencies (e.g., 0.002 Hz) are effective where the phase advance of eye relative to head velocity is already 90 ° in the naive animal. Exposing the animal to stimulation only at a single frequency shifts the whole frequency curve towards a greater phase advance. These results are consistent with habituation experiments in which steps of angular velocity have repeatedly been applied. In these experiments nystagmus duration is shortened, whereas the initial response at the end of acceleration does not change. This corresponds to a phase shift and a gain reduction in the low frequency range (below 0.1 Hz) which we have also observed during sinusoidal rotation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 1729-1738 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Novel Cluster Frameworks from the Reactions of the Unsaturated Clusters Fe4(CO)11(μ4-PR)2 with AlkynesThe unsaturated clusters Fe4(CO)11(μ4-PR)2 (1-3, R = Ph, p-Tol, t-Bu) react with terminal alkynes primarily by insertion of the alkyne between one phosphorus and two iron atoms. The structure analysis of Fe4(CO)11(μ4-PTol)[μ4-P(Tol)-CMeCH] and NMR studies in solution show that the insertion products exist as two isomers, which differ by the orientation of the alkyne (P—CR—CH—Fe/P—CH—CR—Fe), and whose interconversion in solution can be catalyzed by bases. Starting from 3, additionally and preferentially alkyne-containing clusters are formed with CO elimination, which contain a novel Fe4P2C2 framework that can be derived from a pentagonal bipyramid with an equatorial Fe2PC2 unit as evidenced by the structure determination of Fe4(CO)9(μ3-P-tBu)[μ4-P-(tBu)CHCMe]. The primary alkyne-insertion products are easily induced by an excess of donor ligands [CO, P(OM)3, tBuNC] or by iodine oxidation to eliminate one ironcarbonyl unit and form the clusters Fe4(CO)9(μ3-P-tBu)[μ4-P-(tBu)CHCMe] and substituted derivatives thereof. For these the structure analysis of the (PhPCHCMePPh) compound proves the PCCP sequence and a side-on coordination of the C2 unit to one iron atom. The degradation with P(OMe)3 and tBuNC produces as intermediates the substitution derivatives Fe4(CO)10L(μ4-PPh)-[μ4-P(Ph)CRCH], which also exist as two isomers with different orientation of the CR—CH unit.
    Notes: Die ungesättigten Cluster Fe4(CO)11(μ4-PR)2 (1-3, R = Ph, p-Tol, t-Bu) reagieren mit terminalen Alkinen primär unter Insertion des Alkins zwischen einem Phosphor- und zwei Eisen-Atomen. Die Strukturanalyse von Fe4(CO)11(μ4-PTol)[μ4-P(Tol)-CMeCH] und NMR-Studien in Lösung zeigen, daß die Insertionsprodukte in Form von zwei Isomeren vorliegen, die sich durch die Orientierung des Alkins (P—CR—CH—Fe/P—CH—CR—Fe) unterscheiden und deren gegenseitige Umwandlung in Lösung sich durch Basen katalysieren läßt. Aus 3 entstehen zusätzlich und bevorzugt unter CO-Abspaltung alkinhaltige Cluster mit einem neuartigen Fe4P2C2-Gerüst, das sich von einer pentagonalen Bipyramide mit äquatorialer Fe2PC2-Einheit ableiten läßt, wie die Strukturanalyse von Fe4(CO)9(μ3-P-tBu)[μ4-P-(tBu)CHCMe] belegt. Die primären Alkin-Insertionsprodukte werden durch überschüssige Donorliganden [CO, P(OM)3, tBuNC] und durch Oxidation mit Iod leicht unter Abspaltung einer Eisencarbonyl-Einheit zu den Clustern Fe3(CO)9[μ3-μ3-P(R)-CHCR′PR] bzw. substituierten Derivaten davon abgebaut. Für diese beweist die Strukturanalyse der (PhPCHCMePPh)-Verbindung die PCCP-Verknüpfung und eine Seitwärtskoordination der C2-Einheit an ein Eisen-Atom. Der Abbau verläft mit P(OM)3 und tBuNC über die Substitutionsprodukte Fe4(CO)10L(μ4—PPh)-[μ-P(Ph)CRCH], die ebenfalls in Form von zwei Isomeren mit unterschiedlicher CR—CH-Orientierung vorkommen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 9 (1876), S. 1554-1557 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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