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  • 1
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: conformational energy ; tetrahydrothiopyrans ; ab initio molecular orbital ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Ab initio 6-31G* and MP2/6-31G*//6-31G* methods were used to calculate the relative energies of the rotamers in the chair conformations of 4-alkyltetrahydro-2H-thiopyrans (tetrahydrothiopyrans, thiacyclohexanes, thianes; CH3, C2H5, i-C3H7, t-C4H9, neo-C5H11, SiMe3). The MP2/6-31G*//6-31G* conformational energies (-ΔG° or A values, kcal mol-1) of the 4-alkylthiacyclohexanes (Me = 1.94; Et = 1.72; i-Pr = 1.62; t-Bu = 5.49; neo-Pent = 1.39; SiMe3 = 2.76) are similar to those calculated for the corresponding alkylcyclohexanes. Plots of the calculated conformational energies for the 4-alkylthiacyclohexanes versus the calculated conformational energies for the corresponding alkylcyclohexanes are linear (slope = 1.01 and r = 0.999 for 6-31G* and slope = 1.09 and r = 0.990 for MP2/6-31G*//6-31G*). The conformational energies are strongly influenced by the magnitude and number of repulsive nonbonded hydrogen-hydrogen interactions and the gauche (synclinal) effects in the conformers. The carbon-sulfur bond lengths are mostly in the narrow range of 1.815-1.818 Å. The C - S - C angles vary from 97.1° to 99.4° and the C(3) - C(4) - C(7) angle in the most stable axial conformer is larger that the corresponding angle in its most stable equatorial conformer. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Degenerate Carbon Skeleton Isomerization of the Cyclopentyl Cation in the Gas Phase. Experimental and Theoretical Evidence for the Existence of a Pyramidal C5H9+ Cation as an Intermediate in the Unimolecular Ethylene Elimination 1)The investigation of 13C2-labelled isotopomeric bromocyclopentanes (5a,b), cyclobutylmethyl bromide (6a), and 5-bromo-1-pentenes (7a, b), clearly demonstrates, that unimolecular ethylene loss from the gaseous [M-Br]+ ions generated from both the cyclic and acyclic precursors is preceded by complete carbon scrambling. Whereas the degenerate isomerization 8a ⇆ 8b can, in principle, proceed either via the bisected cyclobutylmethyl cation 9 or via the non-classical, pyramidal cation 3, the MINDO/3 calculations reveal, that ethylene loss from C5H9+ involves 3 as an intermediate. From 3 a transition state is reached which can be regarded as a partially opened cyclopropyl cation “Solvated” by interaction with C2H4. Descriptions of the syntheses of the 13C2labelled bromides are given.
    Notes: Die Untersuchung doppelt 13C-markierter Isotopomere von Bromcyclopentan (5a, b), Cyclobutylmethylbromid (6a) und 5-Brom-1-penten(7a-b) belegt zweifelsfrei, daß der unimolekularen Ethylen-Eliminierung aus den [M-Br]+-Ionen dieser Vorläufer ein Prozeß vorgelagert ist, der zu einer vollständigen Äquilibrierung der fünf Kohlenstoffatome führt. Während für die entartete Isomerisierung der Cyclopentyl-Kationen 8a ⇆ 8b sowohl die intermediäre Existenz eines bisektierten Cyclobutylmethyl-Kations 9 bzw. des nicht-klassischen, pyramidalen kations 3 verantwortlich gemacht werden kann, zeigen MINDO/3-Rechnungen, daß die Ethylen-Abspaltung aus C5H9+ über 3 verlaufen muß. Hierbei wird ein Übergangszustand durchlaufen, der als ein partiell geöffnetes Cyclopropyl-Kation beschrieben werden kann, das durch Ethylen „solvatisiert“ ist.  -  Die Synthesen der 13C2-markierten Bromide werden beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: anomeric effects ; boat conformers, dihydrodioxins ; 3,4-dihydro-1,2-dithiin ; 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dithiin ; 4H-1,3-dithiin ; 2,3-dihydro-1,4-dithiin ; dihydrodithiins ; half-chair conformers ; hyperconjugative orbital interactions ; relative energies ; stereoelectronic effects ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: Optimized geometries and energies for 3,4-dihydro-1,2-dithiin (1), 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dithiin (2), 4H-1,3-dithiin (3), and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-dithiin (4) were calculated using ab initio 6-31G* and MP2/6-31G*//6-31G* methods. At the MP2/6-31G*//6-31G* level, the half-chair conformer of 4 is more stable than those of 1, 2, and 3 by 2.5, 3.5, and 3.6 kcal/mol, respectively. The half-chair conformers of 1, 2, 3, and 4 are 2.9, 7.1, 2.0, and 5.6 kcal/mol, respectively, more stable than their boat conformers. The calculated half-chair structures of 1-4 are compared with the calculated chair conformer of cyclohexane and the half-chair structures for cyclohexene, 3,4-dihydro-1,2-dioxin (5), 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dioxin (6), 4H-1,3-dioxin (7), and 2,3-dihydro-1,4-dioxin (8).   © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   J Comput Chem 19: 1064-1071, 1998
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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