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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 104 (1971), S. 661-664 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 120 (1987), S. 1691-1694 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A New Synthesis and the Crystal Structure Analysis of “Croconate Blue”, 1,2,4-Tris(dicyanomethylene)croconateReaction of the croconic acid diamide 9 with malononitrile in methanol leads to the condensation product 10, in which the two dimethylamino groups can be replaced by the anion of malononitrile to yield the potassium salt of the pseudooxocarbon dianion, so-called “Croconate Blue” 11a. Contrary to earlier findings, the structure of 11b, proved by X-ray diffraction, shows that the dicyanomethylene substituents of the dianion are located in 1,2,4-position of the five-membered ring.
    Notes: Bei der Reaktion des Krokonsäurediamids 9 mit Malondinitril in Methanol entsteht das Kondensationsprodukt 10, dessen Dimethylaminofunktionen durch das Anion des Malondinitrils substituiert werden unter Bildung des Kaliumsalzes des Pseudooxo-kohlenstoff-Dianions 11a, des sogenannten “Krokonat-Blau”. Im Gegensat zzu früheren Befunden beweist die Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 11b, daß die Dicyanmethylen-Substituenten des Dianions in 1,2,4-Position des Fünfringsystems angeordnet sind.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal π Complexes of Heteroarenes, II. - η6-Coordination of Unsubstituted Pyridine: (η6-Benzene)(η6-pyridine)chromium and Bis(η6-pyridine)chromiumThree-component cocondensation of benzene, pyridine, and chromium affords (η6-benzene)(η6-pyridine)chromium (5), the first bis-(arene)metal complex of unsubstituted pyridine. The binary complex bis(η6-pyridine)chromium (7) is obtained by desilylation of bis[2,6-bis(trimethylsilyl)-η6-pyridine]chromium (6), the latter being accessible through cocondensation techniques. The function of the trimethylsilyl groups is to sterically block the pyridine N atoms thereby assuring η6-coordination in the first step. The new compounds 5-7 are characterized by means of 1H and 13C NMR, MS, ESR (radical cations), and cyclic voltammetry. According to X-ray diffraction, crystals of 5 are disordered such that individual molecules exist in the lattice as synclinal or/and antiperiplanar rotamers. 5 can be protonated at nitrogen. The value of pKs (5-H+), determined from the pH dependence of the UV spectrum and of the redox potential for the couple 50/+, reveals that η6-pyridine in 5 is more basic by 2.5-3.0 pK units than free pyridine.
    Notes: Dreikomponenten-Cokondensation von Benzol, Pyridin und Chrom liefert (η6-Benzol)(η6-pyridin)chrom (5), den ersten Bis-(aren)metall-Komplex mit unsubstituiertem Pyridin. Der binäre Komplex Bis(η6-pyridin)chrom (7) wird durch Desilylierung der durch Cokondensation zugänglichen Verbindung Bis[2,6-bis(trimethylsilyl)-η6-pyridin]chrom6) erhalten, wobei die sterische Abschirmung der N-Atome durch die Me3Si-Gruppen Bis-η6-Koordination im ersten Syntheseschritt gewährleistet. Die neuen Verbindungen 5-7 werden durch 1H- und 13C-NMR, MS, ESR (Radikalkationen) und Cyclovoltammetrie charakterisiert. Gemäß Röntgenstrukturanalyse kristallisiert 7 fehlgeordnet, die individuellen Moleküle liegen im Gitter als synclinale oder/und als antiperiplanare Rotamere vor. 5 läßt sich am N-Atom protonieren. Die Bestimmung des pKs-Wertes (5-H+) aus der pH-Abhängigkeit des UV-Spektrums bzw. des Redoxpotentials für 50/+ erweist, daß η6-Pyridin in 5 2.5-3.0 pK-Einheiten basischer ist als freies Pyridin.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 767-779 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Molecular twisting ; cis-9,10-Dihydronaphthalenes, persubstituted ; Valence isomerizations ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Valence Isomerizations, 17. - Persubstituted cis-9,10-Dihydronaphthalenes and their Valence IsomerizationsThe tricyclic diester 10 is available from 2-butyne in a six-step synthesis with an overall yield of 10%. Thermolysis of 10 gives the bicyclic diester 11 which upon UV irradiation yields 12 as the first persubstituted cis-9,10-dihydronaphthalene. X-ray analysis of 12 shows the molecule considerably twisted along the central bond. In addition, the planes of the ester groups are at an angle of approximately 60° to the „planes“ of the six-membered rings so that conjugation of the diene systems with the carbonyl functions is virtually interrupted, an effect which is reflected by the unusual spectroscopic properties of 12. The same structural features can be found in decamethyl-cis-9,10-dihydronaphthalene (16). When heated slightly, 12 is converted to the tetracyclic valence isomer 34. On reduction of 12 with diisobutylaluminum hydride both, dihydronaphthalene dicarbinol 25 as well as its unexpected positional isomer 26, are formed depending on the reaction conditions. Etherification of the reduction products with CH2N2/Et2O—BF3 furnishes a mixture of the three isomeric bis(methoxymethyl) compounds 31, 32 and 33. They can be separated by chromatography in the cold, but revert to the mixture of the three isomers at room temperature. We consider diradical 38 to be the intermediate of this intriguing valence isomerization.
    Notes: Der tricyclische Diester 10 ist in sechs Stufen in einer Gesamtausbeute von 10% aus 2-Butin zugänglich. Thermolyse von 10 liefert den Bicyclus 11, bei dessen UV-Bestrahlung das erste persubstituierte cis-9,10-Dihydronaphtalin 12 gebildet wird. Eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse von 12 beweist die starke Verdrillung des Moleküls um die zentrale Bindung. Die Ebenen der Ester-Gruppen stehen ungefähr in einem 60°-Winkel zu den Sechsring-„Ebenen“, so daß die Konjugation der Dien-Systeme mit den Carbonyl-Funktionen praktisch unterbrochen ist, ein Effekt, der sich in den ungewöhnlichen spektroskopischen Eigenschaften von 12 widerspiegelt. Analoge Strukturmerkmale gelten auch für das Decamethyl-cis-9,10-dihydronaphthalin (16). Bicyclus 12 wandelt sich bei leichtem Erwärmen in den valenzisomeren Tetracyclus 34 um. Reduktion von 12 mit Diisobutylaluminiumhydrid gibt je nach den Reaktionsbedingungen das Dihydronaphthalindicarbinol 25 bzw. das unerwartete Stellungsisomere 26. Veretherung der Reduktionsprodukte mit CH2N2/Et2O—BF3 liefert ein Gemisch der drei isomeren Bis(methoxymethyl)-Verbindungen 31, 32 und 33, die chromatographisch in der Kälte trennbar sind, aber schon bei Raumtemperatur wieder das Gemisch der drei Isomeren zurückbilden, wobei das Diradikal 38 als Zwischenprodukt dieser erstaunlichen Valenzisomerisierung anzunehmen ist.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 411-415 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: A Light-Induced Unusual Synthesis of Substituted 3-AzaquinolizinonesWe describe the photochemical transformations of the cycloalkane-annulated pyridinium-N-aminides 8-10, which are conjugated with a benzylidene system. With 8, 1,3-electrocyclisation takes place leading to the cyclopenta[c]-1,2-diazepine 25 via the diazanorcaradiene 12 which subsequently underwent valence tautomerisation. Contrary to 8, with 9 and 10, 1,5-electrocyclisation is dominating yielding 14 and 15 as nonisolable intermediates; these rearrange in a rationalized reaction sequence e.g. 29→30a⇄30b→26 to give the novel 3-azaquinolizinones 26 and 27, respectively. The structure of 27 is proven by X-ray diffraction.
    Notes: Wir berichten über photochemische Umwandlungen der Cycloalkan-anellierten und mit einem Benzyliden-System konjugierten Pyridimium-N-aminide 8-10.8 reagiert in einer 1,3-Elektrocyclisierung zum Diazanorcaradien 12 und anschließend unter Valenztautomerisierung zum Cyclopenta[c]-1,2-diazepin 25. Im Gegensatz dazu dominiert bei 9 und 10 1,5-Elektrocyclisierung zu 14 bzw. 15 als nicht isolierbaren Zwischenstufen; diese wandeln sich nach einer plausibel erscheinenden Reaktionsfolge, z.B. 29→30a⇄30b→26 in neue 3-Azachinolizinone 26 bzw. 27 um. Die Struktur von 27 wird durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse belegt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 781-794 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Persubstituted (CH)10 systems ; Photochemical and thermal isomerizations ; Steric crowding ; Valence isomerizations ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Valence Isomerizations, 18. - Valence Isomerizations of Persubstituted (CH)10 SystemsWithin the synthesis of persubstituted dihydronaphthalenes, altogether nineteen octamethylbis(methoxycarbonyl)-substituted valence isomers have been isolated, and their structures and mutual relationships clarified. Compared to the unsubstituted parent compounds, there are remarkable differences. The same is true for seven valence-isomeric forms of permethylated (CH)10 hydrocarbons which correspond to diesters and are also presented in this article.
    Notes: Im Rahmen der Synthese von persubstituierten Dihydronaphthalinen sind insgesamt neunzehn octamethylbis(methoxycarbonyl)-substituierte (CH)10-Valenzisomere isoliert, strukturell gesichert und in ihren gegenseitigen Beziehungen aufgeklärt worden. Die Unterschiede zu den unsubstituierten Grundkörpern sind frappierend. Dasselbe gilt für die den Diestern entsprechenden permethylierten (CH)10-Kohlenwasserstoffe, von denen insgesamt sieben valenzisomere Formen vorgestellt werden.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aminyl Oxides (Nitroxides), XXXV. The Tricyclic Dimer of a Vinyl Aminyl Oxide (Vinyl Nitroxide) and its Isomerization to give a 2,4,7,9-Tetraoxa-5,10-diazatetracyclo[4.4.2.03,12.08,11]dodecaneVinyl aminyl oxide 6 is formed by oxidation of hydroxylamine 3 via the intermediates 4 and 5. Dimerization of 6 yields the tricyclic compound 8. In solution dissoziation of 8 occurs at approximately 40°C, four bonds being cleaved to afford radical 6. By prolonged heating in various solvents as well as by proton catalysis at room temperature 8 is rearranged to give the tetracyclic isomer 9, the structure of which has been confirmed by X-ray analysis.
    Notes: Das Vinylaminyloxid 6 entsteht bei der Oxidation des Hydroxylamins 3 über die Zwischenstufen 4 und 5. 6 dimerisiert unter Bildung der tricyclischen Verbindung 8. 8 dissoziiert in Lösung bereits bei etwa 40°C unter Spaltung von vier Bindungen in das Radikal 6. Durch längeres Erhitzen in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln, aber auch unter Protonenkatalyse bei Raumtemperatur, wird 8 in ein tetracyclisches Isomeres 9 umgewandelt. Die Struktur von 9 wurde durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse ermittelt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 120 (1987), S. 1791-1795 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Addition of β-Dicarbonyl Compounds to 2-Acetyl-pbenzoquinoneThe structure of adducts from 2-acetyl-p-benzoquinone (1) and acetoacetates 2a, b is corrected to dihydrobenzofuran derivatives 4a, b. The product from 1 and hexafluoroacetylacetone 5 is examined spectroscopically and by X-ray structure analysis, its structure is cleared up as [4 + 2] cycloadduct 6. In solution fast rearrangement of 6 to dihydrobenzofuran 13 is observed. Reaction of 13 with acetyl chloride yields the monoacetate 12, treatment with aqueous acid is followed by cleavage to 14. In acetic acid tetralone derivative 16 is formed, which can be aromatized with acetic anhydride to naphthalene 17 and oxidized to naphthoquinone 18.
    Notes: Es wird spektroskopisch belegt, daß die bekannten Addukte 3a, b aus 2-Acetyl-p-benzochinon (1) und Acetessigestern 2a, b in der Dihydrobenzofuran-Struktur 4a, b vorliegen. Die Additionsverbindung von 1 und Hexafluoracetylaceton 5 wird spektroskopisch und röntgenographisch untersucht und die Struktur als [4 + 2]-Cycloaddukt 6 sichergestellt. 6 lagert sich in Lösung spontan zum Dihydrobenzofuran 13 um. Aus 13 läßt sich mit Acetylchlorid das Monoacetat 12 darstellen, während mit wäßriger Säure Spaltung zu 14 erfolgt. In Eisessig entsteht das Tetralon-Derivat 16, das sich mit Acetanhydrid zum Naphthalin-Abkömmling 17 aromatisieren bzw. zum Naphthochinon-Abkömmling 18 oxidieren läßt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 122 (1989), S. 657-667 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: O-Alkenyltropolonates ; Tautomerism ; Diels-Alder reactions ; (Alkenyloxymethylene)propanedinitrile derivatives ; (Alkenyloxymethylene)cyanamide derivatives ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: O-(Alkylidenepropanedinitrile)- and O-(Alkylidenecyanamide)tropolonates, Tautomerism and Intramolecular Diels-Alder ReactionsReaction of tropolones with (1-chloralkylidene)propanedinitriles 5 or N-cyanobenzimidoyl chloride (6a) leads to O-(alkylidenepropanedinitrile)- or O-(benzylidenecyanamide)tropolonates 10 and 12, respectively. Both show a rapid migration of the O-substituents between the oxygen atoms. Heating 10 and 12 transforms them into the intramolecular Diels-Alder adducts 13 and 14. The structure of 13c has been elucidated by X-ray analysis. In the series of the S-(alkylidenepropanedinitrile)thiotropolonates 18, 21, and 24 the thermal cyclization is less favoured. The Diels-Alder adduct 25, obtained from 24a, isomerizes photochemically to 26.
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von Tropolonen mit (1-Chloralkyliden)propandinitrilen 5 oder N-Cyanbenzimidoylchlorid (6a) liefert die O-(Alkylidenpropandinitril)- oder O-(Benzylidencyanamid)tropolonate 10 bzw. 12. Sie zeigen eine schnelle Wanderung des O-Substituenten zwischen beiden Sauerstoffatomen. Beim Erwärmen liefern 10 und 12 die intramolekularen Diels-Alder-Addukte 13 und 14, deren Struktur am Beispiel von 13c durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse geklärt wurde. Bei den S-(Alkylidenpropandinitril)-thiotropolonaten 18, 21 und 24 ist der thermische Ringschluß wenig begünstigt. Das aus 24a erhaltene Diels-Alder-Addukt 25 lagert sich photochemisch in 26 um.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Co-operative effect ; Dinuclear alkyne complexes ; Alkyne oligomerisation ; Vinylallene complex ; Fluxional behavior ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Co-operative Effect in π-Ligand-Bridged Dinuclear Complexes, IX. - Influence of Cp′ - X - Cp′-Bridged Dinuclear CpM(CO)3 Complexes (M = Mo. W) on Reactions with AlkynesThe Cp′ — X — Cp′-bridged dinuclear complexes Me2Si[Cp′M(CO)3)2 (4, Cp′ = C5H4, M = Mo, W) react thermally as well as photochemically with alkynes RCCR′ to form the monoalkyne compounds {Me2Si(Cp′M(CO)2]2-μ-(η2:2-RCCR′)} (6, 7, 9) which possess M2C2 dimetallatetrahedrane units (X-ray structure analysis of 7a). A molecular fluxionality is shown for R = R′ (7) by NMR spectroscopy. The activation barrier for this process depends on the steric bulkiness of the alkyne substituents R. For this kind of dynamic behaviour a new mechanism is proposed. In the reaction of 4 (M = Mo) with the electron-rich alkyne bis(diethylamino)ethyne (R = R′ = NEt2) a novel bis(carbene) complex 8 is formed, which contains a 1,2-dimetallacyclobutadiene core in the central M2C2 unit. In some cases products are isolated and characterized, in which three (R = Ph, 10) and two (R = nPr, 11) alkyne units are co-ordinated under C - C linkage. Based on spectroscopic results a structural proposal is made for 10. By X-ray structure analysis of 11 it is shown that besides a dimerisation of the two alkynes an isomerisation occurs with formation of a complexed vinylallene.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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